{
  "id": 6141059,
  "name": "GERBER PRODUCTS and ASSOCIATED INDEMNITY CORPORATION v. Dortha McDONALD",
  "name_abbreviation": "Gerber Products v. McDonald",
  "decision_date": "1985-06-19",
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  "first_page": "226",
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    "judges": [
      "Cracraft, C.J., and Cooper, JJ., agree."
    ],
    "parties": [
      "GERBER PRODUCTS and ASSOCIATED INDEMNITY CORPORATION v. Dortha McDONALD"
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Donald L. Corbin, Judge.\nAppellants, Gerber Products, et al, appeal a decision of the Arkansas Workers\u2019 Compensation Commission finding appellee, Dortha McDonald, permanently and totally disabled as a result of a spider or other insect bite on her ankle at her place of employment which aggravated or accelerated a preexisting chronic circulatory or venous condition of her lower leg. We affirm.\nIn appellants\u2019 first point for reversal it is alleged that there is no substantial evidence to support a finding that the insect bite was an injury which arose out of and in the course of appellee\u2019s employment. The record reflects appellee adduced evidence indicating that she felt a sting on her leg while working in appellant Gerber Products\u2019 food processing plant on the squash line. Appellee\u2019s co-workers testified that they saw the red bump on her ankle and remembered appellee complaining of the bite and accompanying pain. It was uncontradicted that insects, snakes, frogs, birds and other varmints were observed in appellant Gerber Products\u2019 workplace. Dr. Carl Williams, appellee\u2019s treating physician, testified that appellee\u2019s subsequent symptoms were not inconsistent with a spider bite.\nIt is well settled that in order for appellee\u2019s disability to be compensable, she must prove that the injury sustained was the result of an accident arising out of and in the course of her employment. \u201cArising out of the employment\u201d refers to the origin or cause of the accident while the phrase \u201cin the course of the employment\u201d refers to the time, place and circumstances under which the injury occurred. J. & G. Cabinets v. Hennington, 269 Ark. 789, 600 S.W.2d 916 (Ark. App. 1980). There must be a causal connection between the accident and a risk which is reasonably incident to the employment. Southland Corp. v. Hester, 253 Ark. 959, 490 S.W.2d 132 (1973). There must be affirmative proof of a distinctive employment risk as the cause of the injury. The connection with the employment cannot be supplied by speculation. Bagwell v. Falcon Jet Corp., 8 Ark. App. 192, 649 S.W.2d 841 (1983). It is not, however, essential that the causal relationship between the accident and disability be established by medical evidence. Crain Burton Ford Co. v. Rogers, 12 Ark. App. 246, 674 S.W.2d 944 (1984). The Commission should follow a liberal approach in determining whether the accident in fact grew out of and occurred in the course of the employment. Bunny Bread v. Shipman, 267 Ark. 926, 591 S.W.2d 692 (Ark. App. 1979). It is the duty of the Commission to draw all legitimate inferences possible in favor of the claimant and to give the claimant the benefit of doubt. Owens v. Nat\u2019l Health Laboratories Inc., 8 Ark. App. 92, 648 S.W.2d 829 (1983). We believe the record in the case at bar contains substantial evidence to prove that appellee\u2019s injury had a connection with her employment.\nClearly, an insect bite occurring on a vegetable processing line involves a risk distinctly associated with that employment. It involves little imagination to visualize the presence of all types of insects in raw vegetables freshly harvested and brought to appellant Gerber Products\u2019 food processing plant. The evidence in the instant case established that an insect bite was a natural and probable consequence or incident of appellee\u2019s employment which was the cause of appellee\u2019s disability and we find no merit to this argument.\nAppellants\u2019 final argument concerns its contention \u201cthat while there may be \u2018evidence\u2019 establishing a causal relationship between the job injury and the permanent and total disability, that evidence falls short of the requisite, \u2018substantial evidence\u2019 necessary to support the finding on appeal.\u201d Stated more succinctly, appellants take issue with appellee\u2019s position that the insect bite aggravated, accelerated or combined with her preexisting disease to produce a disability. A preexisting disease or infirmity of an employee does not disqualify a claim under the arising out of employment requirement if the employment aggravated, accelerated, or combined with the disease or infirmity to produce the death or disability for which compensation is sought. Black v. Riverside Furniture Co., 6 Ark. App. 370, 642 S.W.2d 338 (1982).\nDr. Carl Williams\u2019 testimony, while not totally conclusive as to a medical certainty that the insect bite caused the 1980 ulceration leading to appellee\u2019s disability, was of such a character that the Commission could reasonably conclude that the insect bite aggravated, accelerated or combined with appellee\u2019s preexisting disease to produce her permanent and total disability. As noted in Little v. Delta Rice Mill, Inc., 11 Ark. App. 114, 667 S.W.2d 373 (1984), the test is not whether the insect bite caused the ulceration of the affected area, but whether the insect bite aggravated or accelerated the condition. In this regard, Dr. Carl Williams testified that \u201cassuming a spider bite did occur, it would have accelerated the timing and severity of the skin graft.\u201d\nBefore we may reverse a decision of the Commission, we must be convinced that fair-minded persons, with the same facts before them, could not have reached the conclusion arrived at by the Commission. Office of Emergency Services v. Home Ins. Co., 2 Ark. App. 185, 618 S.W.2d 573 (1981). We cannot say that fair-minded persons would not have reached the same conclusion as did the Commission in the case at bar. We find substantial evidence to support the Commission\u2019s conclusion.\nAffirmed.\nCracraft, C.J., and Cooper, JJ., agree.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Donald L. Corbin, Judge."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Warner & Smith, by: Wayne Harris and Gary Udouj, for appellant.",
      "Lavey, Harmon & Barnett, by: John L. Burnett, for appellant."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "GERBER PRODUCTS and ASSOCIATED INDEMNITY CORPORATION v. Dortha McDONALD\nCA 85-55\n691 S.W.2d 879\nCourt of Appeals of Arkansas Division I\nOpinion delivered June 19, 1985\nWarner & Smith, by: Wayne Harris and Gary Udouj, for appellant.\nLavey, Harmon & Barnett, by: John L. Burnett, for appellant."
  },
  "file_name": "0226-01",
  "first_page_order": 254,
  "last_page_order": 258
}