{ "id": 6653240, "name": "SLOAT CHIROPRACTIC CLINIC v. STEVE EVANS DATSUN, et al.", "name_abbreviation": "Sloat Chiropractic Clinic v. Steve Evans Datsun", "decision_date": "1986-03-19", "docket_number": "CA 85-435", "first_page": "161", "last_page": "167", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "17 Ark. App. 161" }, { "type": "parallel", "cite": "706 S.W.2d 181" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "Ark. Ct. App.", "id": 13370, "name": "Arkansas Court of Appeals" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 34, "name_long": "Arkansas", "name": "Ark." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "262 Ark. 564", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1675918 ], "weight": 6, "year": 1977, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "566, 567" }, { "page": "155" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/262/0564-01" ] }, { "cite": "262 Ark. 742", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1675913 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1978, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/262/0742-01" ] }, { "cite": "290 So.2d 56", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "So. 2d", "case_ids": [ 9720596 ], "year": 1974, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/so2d/290/0056-01" ] }, { "cite": "101 R.I. 455", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "R.I.", "case_ids": [ 5482203 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1966, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ri/101/0455-01" ] }, { "cite": "190 Kan. 468", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Kan.", "case_ids": [ 543646 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1962, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/kan/190/0468-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 602, "char_count": 12206, "ocr_confidence": 0.891, "pagerank": { "raw": 6.380125665320789e-08, "percentile": 0.39388647755139394 }, "sha256": "45102340c21a92cb714349a4462e45d6bcdde4cbcdd93c3a5c8e64e48f587322", "simhash": "1:bdaf0dc508cbf7bf", "word_count": 1982 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T22:52:03.800747+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [ "Cloninger and Mayfield, JJ., agree." ], "parties": [ "SLOAT CHIROPRACTIC CLINIC v. STEVE EVANS DATSUN, et al." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "Donald L. Corbin, Judge.\nThis appeal from the Arkansas Workers\u2019 Compensation Commission presents the novel question of whether a chiropractor has an independent right to seek compensation for a medical bill for services to a patient who has not filed a workers\u2019 compensation claim. The Commission found no support in the act for this proposition and reversed the ALJ\u2019s decision. We affirm.\nJames Yarbrough, an employee of appellee Steve Evans Datsun, was involved in an automobile accident in September, 1983, which allegedly occurred while Yarbrough was driving for appellee. A few days later Yarbrough went to appellant Sloat Chiropractic Clinic for treatment. Several x-rays were taken. Yarbrough informed appellant that he had been injured in a car accident while working for appellee and signed an agreement entitled \u201cAssignment of Payment\u201d which provided as follows:\nMy attorney and/or insurance company are hereby requested and authorized to pay direct to H.C. Sloat, D.C. any monies due him on account, the same to be deducted from any settlement made on my behalf.\nFurther, I agree to pay H.C. Sloat, D.C. the difference, if any, between the total amount of his charges and the amount paid him by the attorney and/or insurance company. It is further understood that I, the undersigned, agree to pay H.C. Sloat, D.C. the full amount of his charges, should my condition be such that it is not covered by my policy or if for any reason the insurance company refuses to pay my claim.\nDated 9-26-83 /s/ James Yarbrough\nThe record reflects that Yarbrough elected not to file a claim for benefits under the Arkansas Workers\u2019 Compensation Act and, instead, pursued a third party action against the driver of the other automobile. That action resulted in a settlement to Yar-brough of $9,097. The settlement covered payment of Yar-brough\u2019s attorney\u2019s fee and all medical bills except for the $250 bill from appellant Sloat Chiropractic Clinic.\nYarbrough testified at the hearing that when he signed the Assignment of Payment he thought that his workers\u2019 compensation would cover appellant\u2019s charges. He stated that he found out that he was hurt more seriously than he originally thought and hired an attorney. Yarbrough testified that he continued to receive a bill from appellant but that appellant had taken no legal action against him to collect its $250. Yarbrough stated further that for some reason or other, appellant\u2019s bill was not paid along with his other medical expenses when the lawsuit was settled.\nThe Commission noted in its decision that the ALJ had erroneously based his ruling on that portion of Ark. Stat. Ann. \u00a7 81-1311 (Supp. 1985), which provides:\nAll persons who render services or provide things mentioned herein shall submit the reasonableness of the charges to the Commission for its approval, and when so approved, shall be enforceable by the Commission in the same manner as is provided for the enforcement of compensation payments, but the foregoing provisions relating to charges shall not apply where a written contract exists between the employer and the person who renders such service or furnishes such things.\nThis provision apparently led the ALJ to conclude that appellant had an independent right to pursue a claim for its charges before the Commission independent of the decision by Yarbrough not to file a workers\u2019 compensation claim. The ALJ also erroneously based his decision on Ark. Stat. Ann. \u00a7 81-1320(a) (Supp. 1985), which provides in part as follows:\n[Waiver of compensation.] No agreement by an employee to waive his right to compensation shall be valid, and no contract, regulation, or device whatsoever, shall operate to relieve the employer or carrier, in whole or in part, from any liability created by this Act [\u00a7\u00a781-1301 \u2014 81-1349], except as specifically provided elsewhere in this Act.\nWaiver was not an issue in the case at bar as no claim was filed by Yarbrough and this section is therefore inapplicable. Neither \u00a7 81-1320(a) nor \u00a7 81-1311 authorize the medical provider to initiate a claim on behalf of an employee in the event a worker elects not to file a claim for benefits.\nThe question presented by this appeal has not been addressed in Arkansas. In A. Larson, The Law of Workmens Compensation \u00a7 61.12(k) (Vol. 2 1983), it is stated that:\nThe rights of a physician to recover fees in a compen-sable case are derivative; that is, there must first have been compensation claim proceedings initiated by the employee or employer. The physician has no independent standing to make claims within the compensation system, unless this right has been expressly created by statute.\nIn Grantham v. Coleman Co., 190 Kan. 468, 375 P.2d 629 (1962), the Kansas Supreme Court held that the compensation commissioner had no jurisdiction to entertain a doctor\u2019s claim for services where no proceeding for compensation had been begun by the employee or employer.\nThe Supreme Court of Rhode Island held in Wynne v. Pawtuxet Valley Dyeing Co., 101 R.I. 455, 224 A.2d 612 (1966), that where specific language providing the right of a physician to proceed under its Workmen\u2019s Compensation Act directly against an employer had been deleted in a later revision of the act, physicians no longer had the right to proceed under the act independently of a proceeding instituted by an employee.\nIn Eastern Elevator Co. v. Hedman, 290 So.2d 56 (Fla. 1974), an injured workman went to a physician for treatment. The physician treated him and submitted a bill to the state Department of Commerce. The full fee was not approved, and the physician himself sued the employer, presenting himself as a claimant under the Workmen\u2019s Compensation Act. The Judge of Industrial Claims and the Commission found that the physician had standing to bring this independent action. The Florida Supreme Court reversed, holding that under Florida law a physician is entitled to payment for services only after it has been determined that the claim was a compensable one, and that in any event the employer has a duty to pay the injured employee, not the physician. Physicians had no standing to sue as claimants under the Florida law.\nAppellant Sloat Chiropractic Clinic relies upon Willits & Son Sod Farm v. Moon, 262 Ark. 742, 561 S.W.2d 82 (1978), and Hulvey v. Kellwood Co., 262 Ark. 564, 559 S.W.2d 153 (1977), for the proposition that the Commission has the authority to determine who is liable for the payment of medical charges. In Willits the Arkansas Supreme Court upheld the Commission\u2019s finding that the employer was liable for medical expenditures due the Veterans Administration Hospital. There, the employee sustained a compensable injury and was admitted to the Baptist Medical Center in a comatose condition. He was later transferred to the Veterans Administration Hospital where he died without ever regaining consciousness. The Veterans Administration Hospital promptly filed its claim with the Commission for medical services rendered to the employee upon receiving notice of coverage. The employer and compensation carrier controverted the employee-decedent\u2019s claim as well as the claim of the widow for death benefits on the basis that his injury and death were unrelated to his employment. They did not, however, challenge the validity of the Veterans Administration Hospital\u2019s claim or the standing of the widow to press for payment of the claim. By footnote, the opinion of the court noted that the Veterans Administration Hospital was not a party litigant to the action and that its only involvement was its filing a claim for medical services rendered, but the widow was the moving party against the employer and insurance carrier for consideration of the claim. After an unpublished opinion involving a collateral matter concerning the merits of the widow\u2019s claim for death benefits was handed down, the employer and insurance carrier challenged the Veterans Administration Hospital\u2019s claim for the first time on the sole ground that the hospital did not comply with Rule 21 of the Commission. Sometime thereafter the employer and insurance carrier asserted in a letter that the hospital had no standing to recover on its claim for medical services rendered. In dismissing the lack of standing argument on appeal, the court noted that the widow had taken all of the affirmative steps to require the employer and insurance carrier to pay the medical expenditures incurred in connection with her husband\u2019s injury.\nAppellant Sloat Chiropractic Clinic\u2019s reliance upon the holding in Willits for the proposition that a medical services provider has an independent right to seek compensation is misplaced. Contrary to appellant\u2019s argument, there is no language in the Willits opinion which provides authority for appellant to initiate a claim on behalf of an employee in the event a worker elects not to file a claim for benefits.\nAppellant also relies upon Hulvey v. Kellwood Co., 262 Ark. 564, 559 S.W.2d 153 (1977). The question on appeal there was whether there was substantial evidence to support the Commission\u2019s reduction of a chiropractor\u2019s charges as being unreasonable. The Commission also refused to award the chiropractor an attorney\u2019s fee because the matter had been pursued by the doctor and his attorney rather than by the claimant and her attorney. On appeal the circuit court affirmed the reduction in the chiropractor\u2019s fees but found that an attorney\u2019s fee was recoverable and remanded the cause to the Commission. The Arkansas Supreme Court stated that the circuit court was correct in finding that an attorney\u2019s fee should be allowed, relying upon that portion of \u00a7 81-1311 which provided that reasonable charges for medical services, when approved by the Commission, \u201cshall be enforceable by the Commission in the same manner as is provided for the enforcement of compensation payments.\u201d Id. at 566, 567, 559 S.W.2d at 155.\nAppellant Sloat Chiropractic Clinic submits in its brief that since a medical provider has an independent right to obtain legal counsel in regard to the providing of treatment to an injured worker as per the holding in Hulvey, there is no difference in principle in regard to a chiropractor having an independent right to file a claim for treatment that has been rendered in good faith to an injured worker. In Hulvey the injured worker had filed a workmen\u2019s compensation claim for an admittedly compensable injury. This fact clearly distinguishes Hulvey from the facts in the case at bar. We do not construe the holding in Hulvey as authority for a medical provider to independently initiate a claim.\nAppellant further asserts that it has standing to initiate a claim on the basis of Yarbrough\u2019s execution of the Assignment of Payment. We do not find this argument persuasive inasmuch as the law provides that the right to compensation is not assignable. Ark. Stat. Ann. \u00a7 81-1321 (Repl. 1976). The language of the Assignment of Payment clearly indicates that Yarbrough assigned to appellant only his rights to payment.\nArk. Stat. Ann. \u00a7 81-1305 (Repl. 1976), provides that \u201cEvery employer should secure compensation to his employees . . . .\u201d Liability by its own language thus runs in favor of the employee under the act. Any right appellant might have to pursue its claim must be found within the terms of the Arkansas Workers\u2019 Compensation Act. We have examined the act and can find no provision which confers upon the Commission the power to hear such claims. Since the legislature has been silent in this area, we cannot fill the void by judicial interpretation.\nIn conclusion, we hold that the decision of the Commission was correct in determining that appellant Sloat Chiropractic Clinic could not maintain the proceeding to recover its claim for services in the absence of a workers\u2019 compensation proceeding initiated by the employee, employer or other direct representatives.\nAffirmed.\nCloninger and Mayfield, JJ., agree.", "type": "majority", "author": "Donald L. Corbin, Judge." } ], "attorneys": [ "Eddie H. Walker, Jr., for appellant.", "Daily, West, Core, Coffman & Canfield, by: Eldon F. Coffman and Douglas M. Carson, for appellee." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "SLOAT CHIROPRACTIC CLINIC v. STEVE EVANS DATSUN, et al.\nCA 85-435\n706 S.W.2d 181\nCourt of Appeals of Arkansas Division II\nOpinion delivered March 19, 1986\nEddie H. Walker, Jr., for appellant.\nDaily, West, Core, Coffman & Canfield, by: Eldon F. Coffman and Douglas M. Carson, for appellee." }, "file_name": "0161-01", "first_page_order": 193, "last_page_order": 199 }