{ "id": 6135925, "name": "GENERAL ELECTRIC SUPPLY COMPANY v. The DOWNTOWN CHURCH OF CHRIST, Stuart Construction Co., Inc., La-Van Electric, Inc., and American State Insurance Company", "name_abbreviation": "General Electric Supply Co. v. Downtown Church of Christ", "decision_date": "1988-03-16", "docket_number": "CA 87-331", "first_page": "1", "last_page": "7", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "24 Ark. App. 1" }, { "type": "parallel", "cite": "746 S.W.2d 386" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "Ark. Ct. App.", "id": 13370, "name": "Arkansas Court of Appeals" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 34, "name_long": "Arkansas", "name": "Ark." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "266 Ark. 606", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 8721223 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1979, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/266/0606-01" ] }, { "cite": "236 Ark. 939", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1681301 ], "weight": 4, "year": 1963, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "943-44" }, { "page": "517-18" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/236/0939-01" ] }, { "cite": "191 S.W. 16", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.W.", "year": 1916, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "126 Ark. 474", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1551800 ], "year": 1916, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/126/0474-01" ] }, { "cite": "12 Ark. App. 11", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark. App.", "case_ids": [ 6136072 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1984, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark-app/12/0011-01" ] }, { "cite": "18 Ark. App. 284", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark. App.", "case_ids": [ 6141712 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1986, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark-app/18/0284-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 507, "char_count": 10010, "ocr_confidence": 0.878, "pagerank": { "raw": 1.6440444931891077e-07, "percentile": 0.6915795090756256 }, "sha256": "6b6f9cae3c03457107ec45f381aefeb03f2c0c12de0339bc6f24436bef074c21", "simhash": "1:810c9622e07e9dd3", "word_count": 1636 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T22:52:21.510151+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [ "Cracraft and Jennings, JJ., agree." ], "parties": [ "GENERAL ELECTRIC SUPPLY COMPANY v. The DOWNTOWN CHURCH OF CHRIST, Stuart Construction Co., Inc., La-Van Electric, Inc., and American State Insurance Company" ], "opinions": [ { "text": "Donald L. Corbin, Chief Judge.\nThis appeal comes to us from White County Circuit Court. Appellant, General Electric Supply Company, appeals the court\u2019s failure to award judgment against appellees, Stuart Construction Company, Inc. (hereinafter Stuart) and American States Insurance Company (hereinafter American) and its failure to award costs, penalty, interest and attorney\u2019s fees against American. We affirm in part, reverse in part, and remand.\nAppellee Stuart was the prime contractor for The Downtown Church of Christ. Appellee American executed a performance and payment bond with Stuart as principal. Appellee La-Van Electric, Inc. (hereinafter La-Van) was a subcontractor to Stuart and received materials to use in the job from appellant. Appellant failed to receive payment and initiated this action. The action was voluntarily dismissed against The Downtown Church of Christ prior to trial. At trial, the court awarded judgment against appellee La-Van in the amount of $7,035.84. The court found in favor of appellees Stuart and American and dismissed the action against them. It is this finding of non-liability from which appellant appeals.\nFor reversal, appellant alleges that the court erroneously refused to grant judgment against Stuart and American and failed to award costs, penalty, attorney\u2019s fees and interest against American. We agree with part of its contentions.\nIn its point for reversal and in one sentence in its brief, appellant contends that the court erred in finding for appellee, Stuart. However, it fails to state any argument for reversal. Where an assignment of error is unsupported by convincing argument or citation of legal authority, the appellate court does not consider it on appeal unless it is apparent without further research that it is well taken. Anderson v. Anderson, 18 Ark. App. 284, 715 S.W.2d 218 (1986). For this reason, we affirm-as to appellee Stuart.\nAppellant also contends that the trial court erred in failing to award judgment against American under the bond. Findings of fact by a trial judge will not be set aside by the appellate court unless clearly erroneous. Ark. Blue Cross & Blue Shield v. Fudge, 12 Ark. App. 11, 669 S.W.2d 914 (1984).\nWith regard to American, the trial court stated in its findings of fact and conclusions of law that the general rule of law was that a surety\u2019s liability on a bond is limited to that of the principal. The court noted that an exception to that general rule exists where a direct cause of action can be maintained against the bonding company without making the principal a party. The court further stated that appellant could not have maintained a separate action in this case because (1) this did not involve a public construction, which would have precluded appellant from pursuing a statutory lien for labor and materials, and (2) appellant did not file a lien with the circuit clerk as prescribed by Arkansas Statutes Annotated \u00a7 51-631 (Supp. 1985). The court found that no exception existed to the general rule that a surety\u2019s liability cannot exceed that of its principal. Because the principal (Stuart) was found to have no liability, the court also found American not liable. We find this portion of the court\u2019s findings clearly erroneous.\nArkansas Statutes Annotated \u00a7 51-633 (Repl. 1971) is applicable in the present case and states:\nNo contract in any sum exceeding $1,000 providing for the repair, alteration, or erection of any building, structure or improvement shall be entered into by any church, religious organization, charitable institution or by any agency of the foregoing, unless the contractor shall furnish to the party letting the contract a bond in a sum equal to the amount of the contract.\nThe bonding of a church construction job is mandatory under the statute. Arkansas Statutes Annotated \u00a751-635 (Repl. 1971) requires that the bond \u201cbe conditioned that the contractor shall faithfully perform his contract, and shall pay all indebtedness for labor and materials furnished or performed in the repair, alteration or erection.\u201d The statutes further provide that the bond shall be filed and that any person to whom there is due any sum for labor or material furnished may bring an action on the bond for recovery of the indebtedness. Ark. Stat. Ann. \u00a7 51-631. Therefore, if the bond complies with the statutory requirements, appellant could have maintained a separate and direct cause of action against American, contrary to the trial court\u2019s finding.\nThe bond, titled \u201cArkansas Statutory Performance and Payment Bond,\u201d was issued by American, as surety, to Stuart, as principal, and in favor of The Downtown Church of Christ, as obligee. The language of the bond states in essence that if Stuart faithfully performs under the construction contract and pays all persons who have contracts directly with it for labor or materials the surety\u2019s obligation becomes null and void. This language differs from the statutory condition only in its attempt to limit liability to those who contract directly with Stuart. The surety on a bond is presumed to know that the bond is executed as though the terms of the statute were a part thereof. Reiff v. Redfield School Bd., 126 Ark. 474, 191 S.W. 16 (1916). Neither party argues that this language prevents the bond from being construed as a statutory bond, and we agree, especially in light of Sweester Constr. Co. v. Newman Bros., Inc., 236 Ark. 939, 371 S.W.2d 515 (1963), which stated that a person who furnishes material to a subcontractor is in privity with the prime contractor and has recourse to a prime contractor\u2019s bond for the payment of his account. Id. at 943-44, 371 S.W.2d at 517-18. Therefore, even if American limited its liability to those who contract with Stuart, appellant had sufficient privity with Stuart to have recourse against American.\nAnother requirement under the statutes is that the bond be filed in the office of the clerk of the circuit court in the county in which the property is situated. Ark. Stat. Ann. \u00a7 51-631. The same statute provides that if the bond is not filed, all persons furnishing material or performing labor shall have a lien upon the property for the unpaid amount of the claim. Appellee asserts that the bond was not filed. The court, at least impliedly, found that to be true since it noted that no lien had been filed under the section and the section provides for a lien only in the absence of filing the bond. Appellant contends in its brief that it is entitled to recover regardless of whether the bond was statutory or not and cites cases allowing recovery where the bond was unfiled, never challenging the bond\u2019s treatment as unfiled. However, our limited review shows that the bond was introduced into evidence with a certificate showing that it was filed of record on September 10, 1981, with the White County Circuit Clerk and Recorder. We know of no reason to treat the bond as unfiled.\nThe bond in issue fully complies with the conditions and requirements of the statutes governing construction bonds for religious or charitable organizations. We find the trial court\u2019s findings that appellant was not entitled to bring a separate action on the bond clearly erroneous. Arkansas Statutes Annotated \u00a7 51-631 clearly gives appellant a direct action on the statutory bond and it was entitled to have judgment entered against American as a matter of law.\nFinally, appellant argues that the court erred in failing to awards costs including attorney\u2019s fees, 12% statutory damages, and interest against American pursuant to Arkansas Statutes Annotated \u00a7 66-3238 (Repl. 1980). The statute states:\nIn all cases where loss occurs and the cargo, fire, marine, casualty, fidelity, surety . . . insurance company . . . liable therefor shall fail to pay the same within the time specified in the policy, after demand made therefor, such person, firm, corporation, and/or association shall be liable to pay the holder of such policy or his assigns, in addition to the amount of such loss, twelve percent (12 %) damages upon the amount of such loss, together with all reasonable attorneys\u2019 fees for the prosecution and collection of said loss. . . . [Emphasis added].\nThis statute was applied to a surety on a contractor\u2019s bond in Ray Ross Constr. Co., Inc. v. Raney, 266 Ark. 606, 587 S.W.2d 46 (1979). In Raney, the supreme court affirmed an award of attorney\u2019s fees, 12 % penalty, and interest to a subcontractor who recovered a verdict against the prime contractor and surety in the dollar amount for which he prayed. We see no material difference between Raney and the case at bar. Although in Raney, the party seeking to recover the penalty, interest and fees was a subcontractor rather than a materialman and judgment had also been entered against the principal on the bond, the particular fact situation had no bearing on the statute\u2019s applicability to a surety on a contractor\u2019s bond. The only question in Raney was whether the surety actually contested the claim and failed to pay it after demand. The court held that it had done so.\nBecause of our disposition on the issue of American\u2019s liability, appellant has been awarded judgment in the amount for which it prayed as is required to invoke the statute. American offered no argument against allowing the penalty and attorney\u2019s fees and we are aware of none.\nWe therefore reverse and remand, directing the trial court to enter judgment against La-Van and American jointly and severally and to award appellant sums due to it under Arkansas Statutes Annotated \u00a7 66-3238.\nAffirmed in part, reversed in part, and remanded.\nCracraft and Jennings, JJ., agree.", "type": "majority", "author": "Donald L. Corbin, Chief Judge." } ], "attorneys": [ "Robert C. Lowry, for appellant.", "Bob Leslie for appellees Stuart Construction Co., Inc., and American State Ins. Co." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "GENERAL ELECTRIC SUPPLY COMPANY v. The DOWNTOWN CHURCH OF CHRIST, Stuart Construction Co., Inc., La-Van Electric, Inc., and American State Insurance Company\nCA 87-331\n746 S.W.2d 386\nCourt of Appeals of Arkansas Division I\nOpinion delivered March 16, 1988\nRobert C. Lowry, for appellant.\nBob Leslie for appellees Stuart Construction Co., Inc., and American State Ins. Co." }, "file_name": "0001-01", "first_page_order": 21, "last_page_order": 27 }