{ "id": 6136280, "name": "Patrick E. ATCHLEY v. STATE of Arkansas", "name_abbreviation": "Atchley v. State", "decision_date": "1999-10-20", "docket_number": "CA CR 99-351", "first_page": "16", "last_page": "23", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "68 Ark. App. 16" }, { "type": "parallel", "cite": "2 S.W.3d 86" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "Ark. Ct. App.", "id": 13370, "name": "Arkansas Court of Appeals" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 34, "name_long": "Arkansas", "name": "Ark." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "317 Ark. 198", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1443784 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1994, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/317/0198-01" ] }, { "cite": "911 S.W.2d 578", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.W.2d", "case_ids": [ 1447500, 1447581 ], "year": 1995, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "580" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/322/0710-01", "/ark/322/0669-01" ] }, { "cite": "322 Ark. 710", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1447500 ], "year": 1995, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "713" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/322/0710-01" ] }, { "cite": "456 U.S. 667", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "U.S.", "case_ids": [ 6189962 ], "weight": 6, "year": 1982, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "673" }, { "page": "679" }, { "page": "676" }, { "page": "675" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/us/456/0667-01" ] }, { "cite": "Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 5-27-204", "category": "laws:leg_statute", "reporter": "Ark. Code Ann.", "year": 1997, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 5-27-304", "category": "laws:leg_statute", "reporter": "Ark. Code Ann.", "year": 1997, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 5-27-303", "category": "laws:leg_statute", "reporter": "Ark. Code Ann.", "year": 1997, "opinion_index": 0 } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 641, "char_count": 15446, "ocr_confidence": 0.769, "pagerank": { "raw": 7.317852702137001e-08, "percentile": 0.43816357633205644 }, "sha256": "4297fd2214bae28136f868f27d53f6b5963c9e00a63187425391ebc4cb60533e", "simhash": "1:7b6402de909ad822", "word_count": 2673 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T19:17:49.300876+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [ "Crabtree and Meads, JJ., agree." ], "parties": [ "Patrick E. ATCHLEY v. STATE of Arkansas" ], "opinions": [ { "text": "Josephine Linker Hart, Judge.\nThe State charged appellant Patrick E. Atchley with the crime of engaging children in sexually explicit conduct for use in visual or print medium. See Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 5-27-303 (Repl. 1997). At trial, the court declared a mistrial at the request of the appellant. After the case was set for retrial, the State amended the information to add two additional charges, pandering or possessing visual or print medium depicting sexually explicit conduct involving a child, see Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 5-27-304 (Repl. 1997), and second-degree endangering the welfare of a minor, see Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 5-27-204 (Repl. 1997). The appellant moved to dismiss the charges against him, alleging that because the State had goaded him into moving for a mistrial at his first trial, application of the Double Jeopardy Clause precludes retrial. The trial court denied his motion. He raises this argument again on appeal and further argues that we should apply a stricter standard to such cases than the standard applied in Oregon v. Kennedy, 456 U.S. 667 (1982). We affirm.\nPrior to trial, the appellant sought to preclude the State from introducing testimony that he furnished alcohol to a minor. At a pretrial hearing, the appellant\u2019s counsel stated that the State had agreed not to introduce this testimony. The prosecutor stated:\nYour Honor, the photographs depict the girls with alcohol bottles.... Statements also say that they went to his house and they consumed alcohol. Now, I believe there\u2019s also gonna be some testimony that he didn\u2019t give it to them. Whether he did or not, I\u2019m not intending to go into that, technically. If it\u2019s opened, I\u2019m gonna go into it, but whether he furnished alcohol or not, I don\u2019t care.\nThe prosecutor further stated that the photographs showed the minors with alcohol bottles, and he argued that those photographs were admissible. The court then agreed with the prosecutor that certain photographs showing the minors with alcohol were admissible.\nHowever, at a subsequent hearing the court reconsidered its ruling regarding the admissibility of the photographs. The court stated that if the appellant was endangering the welfare of a minor or providing alcohol to a minor, then he should have been charged with those offenses. The prosecutor explained that although the appellant had provided alcohol to the girls, he did not intend \u201cto go into the alcohol realm in my case in chief, but that was based on the photographs coming in.\u201d The trial court noted the earlier stipulation and excluded the photographs showing the minors with alcohol. The prosecutor remarked:\nThen if that\u2019s the case... I will back up. I hate to do that but that\u2019s an element... of the charge. And that\u2019s an element. It\u2019s in all the statements. But... I wasn\u2019t intending to go into testimony just to introduce photographs and let them speak for themselves which is exactly what I said on the record. But, without the photographs, I\u2019ve got to back up and say we do intend to use it because they said that. And, I said that on the record. That was \u2014 that we\u2019s gonna let the photographs speak for themselves. Without the photograph, we have no testimony.\nThe prosecutor further remarked:\nI don\u2019t care about whether they say he drank alcohol or not, [b]ut, the fact is he\u2019s providing these items for the pictures. You know I don\u2019t care if they consumed it. I don\u2019t care what they say about drinking it. But, the essence of the charge is that he enticed, he provided. These are all things that he gave them that was part of the picture that he\u2019s back behind the camera directing them.\nThe trial court stated that the State had specifically agreed that it did not intend to offer any evidence that the appellant provided alcohol and that if there was \u201cno testimony being offered to that effect, then the pictures shouldn\u2019t be offered and create an implication that he did this.\u201d The court, however, further stated, \u201cI\u2019m granting the [mjotion in [l]imine at this point, unless the State through testimony, can offer testimony to somehow tie it \u2014 lay the foundation for those photographs to show that they are relevant to the charges we\u2019re talking about.\u201d\nAt trial, the State called N.T., who was seventeen, as a witness. N.T., who was in some of the pictures, replied affirmatively when asked by the State if the appellant had supplied any props, toys, or other items to use in the photographs. The State then handed N.T. photographs showing the minors with alcohol. The trial court remarked that the pictures would not be shown until the State laid a foundation to show that the items were used to induce, encourage, or entice and further asked the State not to refer to what was in the pictures. The State then cautioned N.T., \u201cNow, during this time, did Pat give you \u2014 I don\u2019t want to get what it was, but were you given anything to use in the photographs \u2014 props, anything to hold, to show up, or whatever? Just say yes or no.\u201d N.T. examined the photographs and responded affirmatively. The State asked if the items were given to her so that they could be used in the photographs. N.T. denied this, and the State asked why they were given. N.T. replied, \u201cWe already had the liquor and Megan wanted to see the gun- .\u201d Without prompting from the appellant, the court held a sidebar conference and cautioned the State to stay away from the photographs.\nThe State then called M.C., who was also seventeen, as a witness. The prosecutor asked, \u201cDid he provide you \u2014 did he ever buy you anything or provide you with anything?\u201d M.C. responded, \u201cYeah, we\u2019d go to his house \u2014 we\u2019d get drunk and stuff and he gave us money. We bought pot and he took us places \u2014 .\u201d The court held a bench conference, and the appellant\u2019s counsel remarked, \u201cThis is what we moved in [Tjimine about he \u2014 wasn\u2019t charged with anything contributing \u2014 .\u201d The prosecutor, however, stated that he \u201cdidn\u2019t expect that,\u201d but that he would \u201cget her away from that.\u201d The prosecutor noted, \u201cI asked her if he provided anything \u2014 I expected and she\u2019d say, you know, he\u2019s bought clothes and stuff like that.\u201d The appellant\u2019s counsel moved for a mistrial. The prosecutor replied that \u201cthe actual court ruling was that if we could lay a foundation the alcohol could come in. And, the only way to lay a foundation is for something to come out. I didn\u2019t expect it to come out then.\u201d The court noted that the State had stipulated that it did not intend to introduce testimony regarding the appellant providing alcohol to minors and that the court had said it would reconsider its ruling regarding the admissibility of the photographs if the State laid a foundation. The court further stated as follows:\n[T]he State made a stipulation. It was an agreement. That\u2019s an agreement between counsel before I ever got involved that they had no intention of going into the subject of him providing alcohol to these minors.That was an agreement. There\u2019s no question about that, before we ever got the pictures. When I got the pictures, and I saw an alcohol bottle in their hands \u2014 fully clothed children \u2014 young people, with an alcohol bottle, I based my ruling on those pictures in part on the stipulation. Since the State had stipulated that they were not gonna put alcohol and him providing alcohol into the case, I didn\u2019t see any fairness in allowing a picture of a fully clothed young person with an alcohol bottle in their hand, into \u2014 into this case involving these charges. For the very reason, that this \u2014 I didn\u2019t want the jury to conclude that he was somehow involved with providing alcohol, if the State was not gonna prove that.\nSo, you\u2019re kind of getting ahead of yourself a little bit on proving something. I realize you would like to put the picture with a child \u2014 with a young person with an alcohol botde in their hand, and let the jury conclude from that. That he was somehow involved in that. But, that is in direct violation of your stipulation that you made earlier, before we got to the pictures. That you did not intend to impose alcohol into this case, and him providing it. So, for that reason, the [mjotion in [Ijimine was granted on that \u2014 on a stipulation. The subject \u2014 the State will stay away from the subject that him providing alcohol to these minors. That\u2019s based on your own agreement.\nWe\u2019re gonna try this case on the merits of the charge that the State brought, and the pictures that deal with the subject. I don\u2019t know how many there are. There\u2019s about [eleven] pictures of nude or partially clothed, sixteen[~]year-old girls, apparently that the State has access to that are relative to this charge. The State \u2014 those cases \u2014 those pictures that involve the gun, with their clothes, those pictures that involve alcohol bottles with their clothes, as far as I\u2019m concerned, based on the State\u2019s stipulation, uh, have no relevance involved in this case. That\u2019s my ruling and that\u2019s what I said earlier.\nThe trial court, however, did recall that it had told the State that it could lay a foundation on the picture to show how it was involved in the case. The prosecutor replied that the witness \u201cgot ahead of me,\u201d and apologized, stating that he \u201cwouldn\u2019t have got to that point if I hadn\u2019t been understanding I could lay a foundation.\u201d\nAn in camera hearing was then held with M.C. M.C. was shown the photographs. She then testified that the appellant had provided her and other minors with alcohol. Afterwards, the court stated that it would hold the State to its stipulation. The court, however, denied the appellant\u2019s motion for a mistrial. The prosecutor reported that the witness was being instructed to \u201cstay away\u201d from the subject. The prosecutor further stated, \u201cI\u2019m not gonna get back into that. I understand. I just was under the understanding I could lay a foundation. No problems. Don\u2019t worry about it.\u201d\nWhen the jury returned to the courtroom, the court instructed it \u201cto disregard the witness\u2019[s] last statement.\u201d The State asked M.C., \u201cNow, these \u2014 during this time frame that the photographs were taken, what was going on \u2014 what were y\u2019all doing?\u201d M.C. replied, \u201cDrinking.\u201d The appellant again moved for a mistrial. The court asked, \u201cI thought you instructed your witness to stay away.\u201d The prosecutor replied, \u201cWe did. We did tell her that. We told her to stay away from that.\u201d The court granted the appellant\u2019s motion.\nThe appellant subsequently filed a motion seeking to dismiss the case, arguing that the State had goaded him into moving for a mistrial and that a retrial was thus precluded by application of the Double Jeopardy Clause. The court held a hearing on this motion. The appellant\u2019s counsel noted that the State had filed additional charges. The prosecutor stated that he filed additional charges against the appellant because the appellant had driven around the victim\u2019s house five times on the day after the mistrial was granted, and he felt that additional charges needed to be filed. The prosecutor further stated that he filed additional charges so his witnesses would not have to \u201cseparate the facts.\u201d\nAfter restating what happened at trial, the court stated as follows:\nI don\u2019t think this was intentional. I think that what created the confusion, I think the State was wanting to get those photographs in. I mean, they wanted to get the photographs in. My ruling was that in light of what I was seeing, the charges and the motion in limine involving the alcohol and what he was charged with, that I didn\u2019t see the picture of the gun \u2014 with the gun and the picture of the bottle of alcohol, I thought would create more prejudice than probative value on the case. And, so, I ruled that it was out. And the State was anxious to get the pictures in.\nI do remember, I\u2019m assuming we were on the record. I don\u2019t remember. But I do remember talking to counsel outside the hearing of the jury and saying that if the State can lay a foundation and show that they\u2019re somehow relevant to this case, I\u2019ll reconsider. I believe... that\u2019s what I said.\nAnd, then the State, I think, put the pictures back up there with the witness, and I think in part that created some of the problem, because the witnesses were then trying to deal with that and they were having a difficult time staying away from alcohol with that picture there. But, again, I go back \u2014 we can\u2019t get around the original first thing that happened, the pretrial stipulation to stay away from that subject. It wasn\u2019t something I ordered, it was something that was agreed to.\nBut, my finding] is it was not intentional. I think it\u2019s just one of those things that come up in a trial. Confusion, whatever else. I don\u2019t think it was prosecutorial misconduct. I think it was just confusion. I granted the mistrial. I think by the time I granted it I certainly got the impression everyone agreed that in light of what was happening there was no way we could proceed. I don\u2019t know if the record reflects that, but [djefense moved for a mistrial and the State was that we have done our best to talk to these witnesses. They just can\u2019t seem to stay away from it.\nThe trial court denied the appellant\u2019s motion to dismiss.\nThe United States Supreme Court stated in Oregon v. Kennedy, 456 U.S. 667 (1982), that there is a narrow exception to the rule that the Double Jeopardy Clause is no bar to retrial if the defendant moves for and is granted a mistrial. Id. at 673. The Court held that \u201cthe circumstances under which such a defendant may invoke the bar of double jeopardy in a second effort to try him are limited to those cases in which the conduct giving rise to the successful motion for a mistrial was intended to provoke the defendant into moving for a mistrial.\u201d Id. at 679. In other words, \u201c[ojnly where the governmental conduct in question is intended to \u2018goad\u2019 the defendant into moving for a mistrial may a defendant raise the bar of double jeopardy to a second trial after having succeeded in aborting the first trial on his own motion.\u201d Id. at 676. This standard requires that the trial court make a \u201cfinding of fact\u201d and \u201c[i]nfer[ ] the existence or nonexistence of intent from objective facts and circumstances....\u201d Id. at 675. In Jackson v. State, 322 Ark. 710, 713, 911 S.W.2d 578, 580 (1995), and Espinsoa v. State, 317 Ark. 198, 876 S.W.2d 569 (1994), the Arkansas Supreme Court adopted the standard set forth in Kennedy. Thus, we decline the appellant\u2019s invitation to apply a stricter standard.\nAs is apparent from the above-quoted excerpts from the record, the prosecutor was confused by the court\u2019s rulings, concluding that he could lay a foundation for the photographs depicting the minors with alcohol while at the same time abiding by the stipulation not to introduce testimony that the appellant provided alcohol to minors. And despite the prosecutor\u2019s attempts to prevent the State\u2019s witnesses from testifying about alcohol, the witnesses continued to do so. Moreover, the trial court accepted the prosecutor\u2019s assertion that he had not intended to cause the mistrial. Thus, we cannot say that the record does not support the trial court\u2019s finding that the State did not goad the appellant into asking for a mistrial.\nAffirmed.\nCrabtree and Meads, JJ., agree.", "type": "majority", "author": "Josephine Linker Hart, Judge." } ], "attorneys": [ "Laws & Murdoch, P.A., by: Hugh Richardson Laws, for appellant.", "Mark Pryor, Att\u2019y Gen., by: C. Joseph Cordi, Jr., Ass\u2019t Att\u2019y Gen., for appellee." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "Patrick E. ATCHLEY v. STATE of Arkansas\nCA CR 99-351\n2 S.W.3d 86\nCourt of Appeals of Arkansas Division II\nOpinion delivered October 20, 1999\nLaws & Murdoch, P.A., by: Hugh Richardson Laws, for appellant.\nMark Pryor, Att\u2019y Gen., by: C. Joseph Cordi, Jr., Ass\u2019t Att\u2019y Gen., for appellee." }, "file_name": "0016-01", "first_page_order": 42, "last_page_order": 49 }