{
  "id": 1366146,
  "name": "Warren v. Granger",
  "name_abbreviation": "Warren v. Granger",
  "decision_date": "1922-01-23",
  "docket_number": "",
  "first_page": "453",
  "last_page": "457",
  "citations": [
    {
      "type": "official",
      "cite": "151 Ark. 453"
    }
  ],
  "court": {
    "name_abbreviation": "Ark.",
    "id": 8808,
    "name": "Arkansas Supreme Court"
  },
  "jurisdiction": {
    "id": 34,
    "name_long": "Arkansas",
    "name": "Ark."
  },
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    {
      "cite": "104 Ark. 573",
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      "reporter": "Ark.",
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    {
      "cite": "108 Ark. 254",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
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      "case_paths": [
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    {
      "cite": "70 Ark. 61",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
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    {
      "cite": "45 Ark. 254",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
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    },
    {
      "cite": "19 L. Ed. (U. S.) 987",
      "category": "reporters:federal",
      "reporter": "L. Ed.",
      "case_ids": [
        3436634
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T19:18:51.844541+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
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  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "Warren v. Granger."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Smith, J.\nWarren sold Granger a butcher shop outfit, and has sued to recover the alleged purchase price. The parties differ as to the amount and value of certain meats included in the sale; but this difference was properly submitted to the jury.\nAmong other articles included in the sale was an icebox or a meat-box, and the instruction to the jury on that subject reads as follows: \u201cAmong other things was a meat-box, or ice-box, on which defendant claims there was no definite price, and plaintiff states that the price was agreed on -definitely, and that is a question that yo-u must decide; and if you find there was a definite price, you will find for the plaintiff, and if you find that the price was not agreed -on, then for its reasonable worth or its market value; and if the ice-box was not worth anything, or was not fit for the purpose for which it was used, then you will find for the defendant as to that particular item. And as to any other item that plaintiff claims he sold and delivered to defendant and defendant claims he did not buy, that is a question for you to pass on, and you must find for the plaintiff all such articles that were sold and delivered to defendant, and you will find for the defendant all such articles that were not delivered to him, and for all items that were worthless.\u201d\nThe present appeal involves the correctness of this instruction, as the record rec'tes that Warren specifically excepted to that part of the instruction which instructed the jury that if the ice-box wasn\u2019t worth anything, or wasn\u2019t fit for the purpose for which it was used, then they should \u201cfind for the defendant as to that particular item.\u201d And he also excepted to that part of the instruction which told the jury to find for the defendant \u201call items that were worthless.\u201d The only item to which the language of the court refers is the ice-box.\nIt will be observed that, while the record shows that Warren specifically objected to the portions of the instruction set out above, he did not state the ground of his objections, and his objections must therefore be treated as general objections to specific parts of the instruction.\nThere was a verdict and judgment for Granger, and Warren has appealed.\nIt is now objected that the instruction was based upon the theory that there was a warranty of quality in the sale of the ice-box, and that the question whether there was an express warranty was not submitted to the jury. Warren did not ask that this question be submitted to the jury unless his objection to the instruction set out above is treated ns asking that that question be submitted to the jury; and we do not think his objection should be so treated.\nOnly four witnesses testified in the case, and of these only Warren testified in his own behalf. He testified in detail as to the articles sold and the prices agreed upon, andj according to his testimony, there was due him the amount sued for, and the instructions would have directed a verdict in his favor if his version of the transaction had been accepted as -correct.\nGranger testified that he bought the meat-box for the specific purpose of keeping meat in it \u2014 a fact known to Warren, and that he asked Warren if it was all right, and Warren said he had never lost anything in it. Granger further testified that he asked Warren the specific question if the -box would keep meat, and that he was answered by Warren that it would, and that Warren said, \u201cif it didn\u2019t keep meat, I wasn\u2019t to pay him nothing,\u201d and that this statement induced him to buy, and that the box was worth nothing -more than a common ice-box, and upon discovering that fact he (Granger) offered to return it.\nThe other two witnesses who testified in the case were witnesses for Granger, but their testimony had no bearing on the question of the warranty of the quality of the box.\nWarren did not deny that he had warranted the box, and the testimony of Granger stood undisputed that there was a warranty. Warren was asked this question: \u201cThere is a contention made that the ice-box, or meat-box, was not fit for the purpose for which it was sold, that is, it would not preserve meat. What was the condition of that ice-box?\u201d And he was further asked if it would preserve meat. Warren answered that he did not know there was anything wrong with the box, and that it would preserve meat. The answer filed in the case alleged that the box \u201cwas warranted fit for the use to which defendant was to put same, and that said meat-box was not fit for the preserving of meats, and that upon discovery defendant tendered the said meat-box to plaintiff. \u2019 \u2019\nIt is obvious that the court was under the apprehension that the issue was, whether the meat-box had the quality warranted, and, if so, what was the contract price. Warren did not deny the warranty, and the effect of his testimony was that the meat-box was such a box as Granger said it was warranted to be. The instruction given was evidently intended to submit what the court obviously thought the issue was, and the objection made to the instruction was not, in our opinion, sufficient to call to the attention of the court the fact that no admission had been made that there was a warranty, and that the proof thereof depended on the testimony of a party litigant and could not therefore be treated as undisputed.\nIt is true Granger did not testify that Warren had used the term \u201cwarrant\u201d in stating the quality of the icebox; but it was not essential that he should have done so to establish a warranty, because such was the purport and necessary effect of what he did say. On this subject the law is stated in 24 R. C. L. sec. 437 of the article on Sales, as follows:\n\u201cTo constitute an express warranty the term \u2018warrant-\u2019 need not be used; no technical set of words are required, and it may be inferred from the affirmation of a fact that which induces the purchase and on which the buyer relies and on which the seller intended that he should rio so, but it has been said that the words used must be tantamount to a warranty, and not dubious or equivocal. \u2019 \u2019\nIn section 442 of the same article it is said:\n\u201cWhile the soundness or policy of the rule permitting warranties to be based on affirmations by the seller as to the quality or condition of the chattel sold has been vigorously protested, it is generally recognized, especially in the more modern cases, that such affirmations may constitute a warranty, if so intended by the parties and relied on by the buyer as such; and it has been held that the same principle applies where the affirmation relied on is contained in a writing, such as a bill of sale, and where it is made orally in a sale so effected, as the language means the same whether written or spoken.\u201d\nA number of cases \u2014 many of which are annotated\u2014 are cited in the notes to the text quoted and which support the text quoted.\nNo error appearing, the judgment is affirmed.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Smith, J."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "McKay ds Smith, for appellant.",
      "No brief filed for appellee."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "Warren v. Granger.\nOpinion delivered January 23, 1922.\n1. Trial \u2014 general objections to specific parts of instructions.\u2014 Where a party objected to portions of an instruction, without stating the grounds of objection, his objections will be treated as general objections to specific parts of the instruction.\n2. Trial \u2014 sufficiency of objection. \u2014 In a suit for the price of an ice-box, where the court instructed that if the box was unfit for the purpose for which it was sold the jury should find for defendant'as to that item, a general objection to the instruction was not equivalent to an objection that the question of warranty of quality should be submitted to the jury.\n3. Sales \u2014 express warranty. \u2014 An express warranty may be inferred from the affirmation of a fact on which the buyer relies and on which the seller intended that he should rely, and the use of the term \u201cwarranty\u201d is not necessary.\nAppeal from Columbia Circuit Court; Charles W. Smith, Judge;\naffirmed.\nMcKay ds Smith, for appellant.\nThe court erred in instructing the jury that they should find for the defendant as to the ice-box if it was worthless, or if it was not fit for the purpose for which it was used. Appellee had used the box and knew of its condition. There was no fraud or misreprensation alleged or proved. The doctrine of caveat emptor applies. 19 L. Ed. (U. S.) 987; 45 Ark. 254; 70 Ark. 61. The jury were not permitted to consider the terms of the contract under the instruction given.\nThere is no implied warranty in sales of personal property. 108 Ark. 254; 104 Ark. 573; 11 O. J. 44.\nNo brief filed for appellee."
  },
  "file_name": "0453-01",
  "first_page_order": 479,
  "last_page_order": 483
}