{
  "id": 1374104,
  "name": "Pledger v. Soltz",
  "name_abbreviation": "Pledger v. Soltz",
  "decision_date": "1925-12-21",
  "docket_number": "",
  "first_page": "1125",
  "last_page": "1131",
  "citations": [
    {
      "type": "official",
      "cite": "169 Ark. 1125"
    }
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    "name_abbreviation": "Ark.",
    "id": 8808,
    "name": "Arkansas Supreme Court"
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    "name_long": "Arkansas",
    "name": "Ark."
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  "cites_to": [
    {
      "cite": "159 Ark. 569",
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    {
      "cite": "156 Ark. 273",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
      "case_ids": [
        1358456
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      "case_paths": [
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    {
      "cite": "154 Ark. 349",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
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        1361210
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      "case_paths": [
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    {
      "cite": "125 Ark. 57",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
      "case_ids": [
        1553265
      ],
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      "case_paths": [
        "/ark/125/0057-01"
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T23:00:38.667503+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
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  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "Pledger v. Soltz."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "McCulloch, C. J.\nAppellant is the owner of real property in the city of Pine Bluff, situated in territory sought to be annexed to a street improvement district, and he instituted this action to prevent the annexation on the ground that the statute regulating the proceedings had not been complied with.\nPaving District No. 84 of the city of Pine Bluff was duly formed by an ordinance of the city council on July 21, 1924, and the organization was completed, and the ordinance finally levying the assessment to pay for the improvement' was passed by the city council on March 16,1925. On -July 20, 1925, the proceeding to annex contiguous territory was initiated by the filing with tile city council of the petition of, a majority in value of .the'real property in the teiwitory sought to be annexed. Pursuant to this petition, an ordinance was passed by the city council authorizing the annexation, and subsequently appellant instituted this action against the commissioners Of the district to restrain further proceedings. The court sustained a demurrer to the complaint and dismissed the action, from which decree an appeal has been prosecuted to this court. -\nThe contention of appellant is that' the proceeding\u2019s for annexing Territory are .void for the reason that the petition failed, to. specify any limitation; upon the, .maximum cost of the improvement. This contention calls for a construction of our statute on the subject to determine whether or not the expression of such a limitation in the petition of property .owners 'is required. 1 \u2018\nThe original statute in regard -to- the formation of municipal improvement districts (Crawford & Moses\u2019 Digest, \u00a7 5666) provided that \u201cno single improvement shall be undertaken which ,alone will exceed in cost twenty per centum of the value of the real property in such district as shown by the last county assessment\u201d The General Assembly of 1921 (Acts of 1921, p. 416) amended the statute referred to above by a new statute, which contained the following provision:\n' \u201cThe petition.for such improvement signed by a majority in value of the owners of real property in the district shall specify what percentage of the value'of the real property in the district, as shown, by the last'county assessment, the said improvement shall not exceed in cost; and any improvement may be undertaken -which in cost does not exceed the percentage of the value of the real property in the district specified in the petition.-\u25a0 But, in determining whether or not said improvement will in cost exceed the percentage of the value of the real property in said district as shown by the- last county assessment, interest on borrowed money shall not be computed as part of the cost. \u201d\nThe statute just quoted was in force at the time of the formation of. Paving District No., 84 of Pine Bluff, and in the petition, of property owners it .was specified that the cost of.the improvement should not exceed 100 per centum of the value of. the real property in the district as sho.wn by the last preceding county assessment. There -is no question raised in the.present case .qs to the validity of the organization-of-the district.\nThe General-Assembly of 19.25 enacted another statute amending the act -of 1921, supra, (Acts 1925, p. 548), and this -statute contained the-following provision:\n\u201cThe petition for such improvement signed by a majority in value of the owners of real property in the district shall specify what percentage of the value of the real property in the district, as shown by the last county assessment, the said improvement shall- not exceed in cost -, provided,' no single improvement' shall be undertaken \u25a0which alone will exceed -in cost fifty per centum of the value of the real property in such district as -shown by the last county assessment; but'in determining- what shall be fifty per centum of the value of the real property in the district, interest upon money borrowed shall'not be computed as pa'rt\u2019\u00f3f the cost. Provided, further, an improvement may'be made which-does not exceed-100: per cent, of the assessed value determined-as-above if 75 per cent, of the property \u25a0 owners, in value, in said district petition therefor. - \u25a0 \u2022 -' :\n\u2022 This statute- did not contain an emergency clause, therefore did not go into effect until-ninety days after the adjournment of the Legislature. The statute now in force regulating the method of procedure in annexing contiguous territory to an improvement district is the act of 1919 (General .Acts 1919, p. 218),-brought forward as \u00a7 5733, Crawford & Moses\u2019 Digest. Tire statute reads as follows:\n\u201cSection 5733. When persons claiming to be a majority in value of the owners of real property in any territory contiguous to any improvement district organized in any city or town desire that said territory shall be annexed to such improvement district, they may present their petition in writing to the city or town council, describing the territory to be annexed, and the character of improvement desired. Thereupon the city or town council shall direct the clerk or recorder to publish for two weeks, in some newspaper issued and having a general circulation in the county where such city or town is situated, a notice calling upon the property owners to appear before said council on a day named, and show cause for or against such annexation. On the day named in said notice, the city or town council shall hear all persons who desire to be heard on the question whether a majority in value of the owners of real property in the territory sought to be annexed have signed such petition, and its findings shall have all the force and effect of a judgment, and shall be conclusive, unless, within thirty days thereafter, suit is brought in the chancery court to review it. The finding of the council shall be expressed in an ordinance in case it is in favor of the petitioners, and in that event the territory sought to be annexed shall become a part of the improvement district, and the improvements petitioned for shall be made by the commissioners. The commissioners shall make the assessment for said improvement on the territory annexed under the provision of this act on the same basis as if said territory was included in the original district. If petitioned for, the improvement in the territory annexed may be of different material or of a different method of construction from that in the original district. \u2019 \u2019\nIt will be observed that the statute regulating annexation proceedings does not contain any express requirement that a limitation upon the cost of the additional improvement must be speoified by the property owners in their petition. The only express requirement is that \u201cthe character of the improvement desired\u201d must be stated in the petition, and there is a requirement by necessary implication that the territory to 'be annexed must be specified. There is no requirement, however, in express language or by necessary implication that the petition must set forth a limitation upon the cost of the improvement. There is nothing in the Constitution of the State which fixes any limitation upon the cost of the improvement, except that the cost shall not exceed the benefits. Since the Legislature has not seen fit to enact a law containing any requirement for a specification of a limitation, we cannot read such a requirement into the statute. It does not follow, however, that the power to annex is unrestricted. While it is unnecessary for the petition for annexation to specify the limitation upon the cost, we interpret the statute itself to mean that the cost of the additional improvement shall be limited to the proportionate cost of the original improvement. This limitation is expressed in the statute itself, and need not be expressed in the petition of the property owners. The statute (Crawford & Moses\u2019 'Digest, \u00a7 5733) provides that the assessments on the annexed territory shall be made \u201con the same basis as if said territory was included in the original district.\u201d This means that the proportionate cost shall be the same as in the original district, that is to say, the cost of the improvement ehall be in the same proportion to the assessed valuation as the cost of the improvement in the original district is to the assessed valuation of the property in that district. Otherwise the assessments on the annexed territory would not be \u201con the same basis as if said territory was included in the original district. \u2019 \u2019\nWe have decided in White v. Loughborough, 125 Ark. 57, Bahlau v. Bloom, 154 Ark. 349, and Miller v. Seymour, 156 Ark. 273, that the annexation of territory \u201cis tantamount to the creation of a new district without the imposition of new burdens on the originJal district, or the assumption of any burdens on the annexed territory for-the cost of the original improvement.-But we held in Poe v. Street Improvement District, 159 Ark. 569, that, under the annexation statute, supra, the additional territory and the proposed improvement are brought within the operation of the law the sanie as if the territory had originally been embraced in the district. In other words, our decisions in those cases were that under the annexation statute the additional territory is brought into the original 'district for the construction of the improvement and the levying\u2019 of assessments, the same as if the territory had originally been a part of the district, but that, so far '-as. imposing the burden of the expense of the improvement, the annexation is tantamount to the creation -of a new district without the imposition of new burdens on the original distinct, or the assumption of any burdens on the annexed territory for the cost of the original improvement. We think that it follows from this interpretation of the statute in those decisions that the annexation of the territory comes within the' restrictions specified in the original petition of the property owners in creating the district, and that it is unnecessary for a new specification to be made in the petition for the annexation. It becomes the duty of the commissioners under the law to ascertain the proportionate cost of the original improvement and to limit the cost of the new improvement'to the same proportion \u2014 not exceeding the same proportion to the couiity assessment of the property in the annexed territory for the year next preceding the formation of the original district. \u2018\nIt is next contended that the annexation is controlled by the act of 1925, supra, and that the proportionate cost must be that of the combined improvement in its relation to the entire territory, both in the original district and the annexation. In. the first place, we tfiink that, counsel, are mistaken in the contention that the act of 1925, supra, has any bearing upon these proceedings. The statute has. nothing to do with- the question of annexation, but merely changes the law as to the formation of an original district, and, as the original district in this instance had been formed under prior statutes, the new statute is without effect. The'statute is not retroactive. The annexation statute, under our interpretation, places the limitation of cost the same as that in the original district, therefore The act of 1925 could have no bearing upon these proceedings. Nor do we agree with counsel as to the other contention that, in determining the proportionate cost, ' the combined cost of the entire improyement must be considered in its relation to the assessed value of the property in the entire territory, original and added. All that the annexation statute requires is that the new assessment of benefits on- the added territory must be made on the same basis as the assessments in the original territory, and this is fully accomplished by limiting the cost of the new improvement in the same proportion to the assessed value of the new territory to be added, the same as the proportionate cost of the original improvement to the property in the original district., \u2018\"If we construe the statute to mean that in arriving at this, proportion the cost of thecombinedimprovement is to be considered, then the basis of assessment in the new district would not be the same as that in th.e old district because'the assessments in the old district have already been made on a basis of the proportion of the cost of the original improvement to the assessed value of the property in the original district. It is shown in the present case, however, that the estimated cost of the additional improvement will not exceed fifty' per centum of the assessed value of the territory to be annexed.' Therefore, if the act 'of 1925, supra, had any application it would not' affect the validity of the present proceedings.\nOrar conclusion is that the chancery court.was correct in 'sustaining a demurrer, and the decree is affirmed.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "McCulloch, C. J."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "GoyM. Nixon, for appellant.",
      "Coleman & Gantt, for appellee."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "Pledger v. Soltz.\nOpinion delivered December 21, 1925.\n1. Municipal corporations \u2014 annexation to improvement district \u2014 petition.\u2014A petition for annexation of territory to a paving district, created under Crawford & Moses\u2019 Dig., \u00a7 5666, as amended by acts 1921, p. 416, need not, under \u00a7 5733, specify the limitation on the cost of the improvement.\n2. Municipal corporations \u2014 -annexation to improvement district \u2014 limitation OF cost. \u2014 On the annexation of territory to a -street improvement district, the cost of the additional improvement, under Crawford & Mioses\u2019 Dig., \u00a7 5733, must be limited to a cost proportionate to that of the original improvement, but such limitation need not toe expressed in the petition for annexation.\n3. Municipal corporation \u2014 cost of improvement \u2014 construction of ACT. \u2014 Acts 1925, p. 548, limiting the cost of improvements, does not apply to annexation of territory to a municipal improvement district, but to the formation of the original district, and has no retroactive application where the original district to which annexation was made had been formed prior to the effective date of the act of 1925.\n4. Municipal corporations \u2014 cost of improvement \u2014 limitation.\u2014 On the annexation of territory to a street improvement district, the permissible cost of the new improvement is not controlled toy the \"combined cost of the entire improvement, but the cost of the new improvement is limited in the same proportion to the assessed value of the new territory to be added as the proportionate cost of the original improvement bore to the assessed value of the property -in the original district.\nAppeal from Jefferson -Chancery Court; H. R. Lucas, Chancellor;\naffirmed.\nGoyM. Nixon, for appellant.\nColeman & Gantt, for appellee."
  },
  "file_name": "1125-01",
  "first_page_order": 1145,
  "last_page_order": 1151
}