{
  "id": 1425578,
  "name": "Blocker v. Sewell",
  "name_abbreviation": "Blocker v. Sewell",
  "decision_date": "1934-11-05",
  "docket_number": "4-3724",
  "first_page": "924",
  "last_page": "929",
  "citations": [
    {
      "type": "official",
      "cite": "189 Ark. 924"
    }
  ],
  "court": {
    "name_abbreviation": "Ark.",
    "id": 8808,
    "name": "Arkansas Supreme Court"
  },
  "jurisdiction": {
    "id": 34,
    "name_long": "Arkansas",
    "name": "Ark."
  },
  "cites_to": [
    {
      "cite": "27 S. W. (2d) 1008",
      "category": "reporters:state_regional",
      "reporter": "S.W.2d",
      "opinion_index": 0
    },
    {
      "cite": "181 Ark. 798",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
      "case_ids": [
        8725416
      ],
      "pin_cites": [
        {
          "page": "803"
        }
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      "opinion_index": 0,
      "case_paths": [
        "/ark/181/0798-01"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cite": "32 Ark. 454",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
      "opinion_index": 0
    }
  ],
  "analysis": {
    "cardinality": 470,
    "char_count": 10051,
    "ocr_confidence": 0.496,
    "pagerank": {
      "raw": 1.7243426507110723e-07,
      "percentile": 0.7044229219541371
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    "sha256": "bf0fa9dc84c95d6c22a4ef0edc24942f86e28a1401c0bb4aa04b9b531124ef2f",
    "simhash": "1:11cdde7485099496",
    "word_count": 1738
  },
  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T16:25:52.773578+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
  },
  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "Blocker v. Sewell."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Baker, J.\nCitizens and taxpayers of Miller County filed their petition with the county clerk in that county to initiate a salary act for county officers. This salary act was filed in thirty-eight parts on September 4, 1934, and there was noted on the petitions a filing mark of the county'- judge of the same date it was filed with the county clerk.\nOn September 9 the clerk decided the sufficiency of the petitions and approved them, and on September 10 an order was made by the county court, directing the county clerk to give notice, over the signature of \u201ethe county judge and county clerk, by publication and directing the clerk to certify the submission of the proposed act to the county board of election commissioners of Miller County, Arkansas, with directions to submit to the electors of Miller County the said \u201cinitiative act No. 1 of Miller County, Arkansas. An act to fix the salaries and expenses of county officers and to fix the manner in which such compensations and salaries shall be paid and to reduce the costs of county government, and for other purposes.\n\u201cFor initiative act No. 1 of Miller County, Arkansas,\n\u201cAgainst initiative act No. 1 of Miller County, Arkansas. \u2019 \u2019\nThe notice of publication was signed by Sewell as county judge and Ben Wilson as county clerk.\nThis suit filed in the Miller Chancery Court was instituted by certain citizens and taxpayers against Sew-ell, as county judge, and Wilson, as county clerk, and against the election commissioners of the county and tbeir successors, challenging- the sufficiency, legality and constitutionality of the salary act proposed to be submitted at the general election on November 6. The several objections urged in the complaint will appear, sufficiently in detail, in the opinion covering propositions urged in the brief.\nA restraining order was prayed to prevent the certification and placing of the proposed act upon the ballot to be voted upon at the general election.\nCertain other citizens and taxpayers intervened, made themselves parties, demurred specifically to each paragraph in the complaint and at the same time filed an answer. The answer denied all of the allegations of the complaint.\nBen Wilson, county clerk, was sworn and testified substantially to the facts as set forth in this statement, introducing a copy of the petition containing the affidavits of the parties circulating them and showing the respective filing marks of himself and the county judge and also the order of the county judge, the effect of which has been stated, and also the certificate of the clerk, upon his examination of the petitions, which certificate was dated the 10th day of September, and filed \u2022with the petitions.. This certificate was to the effect that the petition bears the signature of 1,031 persons, shown by affidavit attached, to be legal and qualified voters and electors of Miller County, and further that in the last preceding general election in Miller County, Arkansas, the total vote cast for the circuit clerk of Miller County, Arkansas, was 663. His finding was that more than 1,031 legal voters had signed the initiative petitions, and that the petitions were sufficient to order said proposed act to be submitted to the people for adoption at the general election to be held in Miller County.\nThe first proposition argued in appellant\u2019s brief is that there was no ballot title. The matter of a ballot title and the sufficiency thereof was decided by us in the case of Coleman v. Sherrill, ante p. 843. In that opinion we held that the title of the proposed act, as set forth in the petition, was a ballot title and that it was sufficient. The title of the proposed act in this case is essentially of the same form and effect, and it can not be helpful to render another opinion. The title of the proposed act is the ballot title, and is sufficient.\nThe next matter suggested is to the effect that there is no sufficient affidavit of the parties who circulated the petition. There were thirty-eight- separate parts of the petition filed, and, as we understand the record in this case, there was an affidavit attached to each of the thirty-eight parts thereof. Amendment No. 7 provides that each part of the petition shall have attached thereto the affidavit of the- persons circulating the same and to the effect that all signatures thereon were made in the presence of the affiant and that to the best of affiant\u2019s knowledge and belief each signature is genuine and that the person signing is a legal voter. One affidavit to each of the parts is all Amendment No. 7 calls for, and there is no. requirement that each page of the- said petition shall have attached to it a separate affidavit, though, of course, if a part consisted of only one page, as circulated by one solicitor, then the person circulating the petition would make the affidavit as required. A part, however, may consist of many pages circulated by one person.\nIt is also objected in regard to the affidavit that it contains no expression of \u201cbelief that each signature is genuine.\u201d The affiant did swear that each of the parties making the affidavits signed the petition, and each of the other petitioners signed his or her name- thereunto in his presence, and also the belief that each stated his or her name, residence, post office-, and voting precinct correctly, and that each of them is a legal voter in Miller County, Arkansas. This is not the exact language of that part of Amendment No. 7 under the head of \u201cverification,\u201d but this affidavit contains words of equal import or meaning. The affiant savs that they signed in his presence. His 'belief is that each has stated his or her name, residence, post office and voting precinct correctly and that each was a legal voter. If this affidavit means anything, it meets the objection made and the effect is that the signatures are genuine.\nThere is no such sanctity iu words that we feel impelled to enforce their use when substantially the same thing is otherwise stated. This court has watched with jealous care the enforcement of the. law of acknowledgments, but, in requiring always a substantial compliance with the statutes, has permitted the use of \u201csigned said deed\u201d for \u201cexecuted the deed\u201d; \u201cfreely and of her own consent and not by persuasion or compulsion by her husband\u201d for \u201cwithout compulsion or midue influence of her husband.\u201d Little v. Dodge, 32 Ark. 454.\nChief Justice Hart, in Fidelity & Deposit Co. of Maryland v. Rieff, 181 Ark. 798, 803, 27 S. W. (2d) 1008, said: \u201cAs we have already seen, all that has ever been required with reference to the ordinary acknowledgment of a deed or mortgage is a substantial compliance with the statute.\u201d\nWe said, in the case of Coleman v. Sherrill, ante p. 843, that Amendment No. 7, in order to effectuate the purposes intended, would be liberally construed. It must be seen that in the strict enforcement of statutes, mandatory in effect, substantial compliance only is meant, so that we hold a substantial compliance here must be sufficient. We have no desire to make a fetish of the word \u2018 \u2018 genuine. \u2019 \u2019\nThe next contention is that the petitions were not filed in time, and it is argued that under act 356 of 1927, page 1159, the petition shall be filed with the county judge, at least sixty days before the election at which it was to be submitted. Whether necessary or not, that was done. The petition was filed first with the county clerk, as provided in Amendment No. 7 and on the same day it bears the file marks of the county judge. The filing with the county clerk was on \u00a1September 4. This was certainty more than 60 days prior to the date of the election. The amendment provides that' the sufficiency of all such local petitions shall be decided, in the first instance, by the county clerk, and that matters of county initiative acts are subject to review by the chancery court. The county clerk acted upon the petition, approved it, held it sufficient, and, since Amendment No. 7 is self-executing, it could have been then placed upon the ballot without the aid of act 356 of 1927.\nWe are perfectly well aware of the fact that, act 356, above mentioned, provides that the petition shall be filed with the county .judge, and \u00a7 2 of that act provides that 'the county judge shall submit all such petitions to election commissions. Whatever force and effect the act may have as distinguished from the provisions of Amendment No. 7, the county judge, in addition to what the clerk did, acted upon the petitions, directing them to be submitted to the election commissioners, but it.is not necessary at this time that we decide anything with reference to act 356.\nThe proposed initiative act is criticized, and it is alleged that in its operation it will result in a diversion of taxes, contrary to constitutional provisions. That may or may not be true, but that question is not before us at this time for several reasons. The first is that the proposed act may not be adopted by Miller County. If it should be adopted and objections then be raised, and a case be presented upon the proposition as to a wrongful diversion of funds, that question will then be determined.\nThe only other proposition remaining is the fact that the petition for the proposed act asked that the act be submitted at the next general election to be held on November 5, 1934. Amendment No. 7 provides, of course, that measures to be initiated shall be submitted only at the general election. There is no election to be held on November 5, 1934. When the petitioners prayed for the submission of the act at the general election, they fixed the date, just as definitely as the date for the holding of the election is fixed by law. A mere, clerical error will not be allowed to defeat the measure when no prejudice could have possibly resulted.\nWe find no error in the- order and decree of the chancery pourt. The case is affirmed.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Baker, J."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "James D. Shaver, James H. Williams and Will Steel, for appellants.",
      "Ben Garter, for appellees."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "Blocker v. Sewell.\n4-3724\nOpinion delivered November 5, 1934.\nJames D. Shaver, James H. Williams and Will Steel, for appellants.\nBen Garter, for appellees."
  },
  "file_name": "0924-01",
  "first_page_order": 942,
  "last_page_order": 947
}