{ "id": 1467027, "name": "Missouri Pacific Railroad Company, Thompson, Trustee, v. Briner", "name_abbreviation": "Missouri Pacific Railroad v. Briner", "decision_date": "1948-03-08", "docket_number": "4-8477", "first_page": "18", "last_page": "21", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "213 Ark. 18" }, { "type": "parallel", "cite": "209 S.W.2d 106" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "Ark.", "id": 8808, "name": "Arkansas Supreme Court" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 34, "name_long": "Arkansas", "name": "Ark." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "171 S. W. 471", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.W.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "116 Ark. 163", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1532220 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/116/0163-01" ] }, { "cite": "20 S. W. 545", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.W.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "57 Ark. 16", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1324574 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/57/0016-01" ] }, { "cite": "212 Ark. 718", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1470462 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/212/0718-01" ] }, { "cite": "50 S. W. 995", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.W.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "66 Ark. 414", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1909775 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/66/0414-01" ] }, { "cite": "288 S. W. 908", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.W.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "172 Ark. 423", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1407903 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/172/0423-01" ] }, { "cite": "144 S. W. 192", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.W.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "102 Ark. 386", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1353989 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/102/0386-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 386, "char_count": 6620, "ocr_confidence": 0.538, "pagerank": { "raw": 5.8591662004228935e-08, "percentile": 0.3646463558300117 }, "sha256": "988f0ea83aed0c1d841e05ac9999e6906ba1111ecaa1f0f11fef50784a2a7047", "simhash": "1:0da886b2126602e1", "word_count": 1176 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T14:58:24.264428+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [], "parties": [ "Missouri Pacific Railroad Company, Thompson, Trustee, v. Briner." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "Ed. F. McFaddin, Justice.\nAppellee filed action against appellant for damages, claiming that a train had killed his horse. A circuit court jury verdict was for appellee-; and this appeal ensued.\nAppellee lived adjacent to the right of way and main line track of the railroad, and a wire fence along the right of way was the accepted division line. Appellee\u2019s horse was in good condition one afternoon, and some time during the night one of appellant\u2019s trains was heard to give the stock alarm signal, and the next morning the horse was found dead about 12 feet outside of the right of way fence and near the public highway. Appellee\u2019s theory was that the horse went under the fence at a water gap, and then onto the track, where it was hit by a train. The explanation is not very clear as to how the horse again went under the fence and off of the right of way to the spot by the highway where the body was found. No witness testified that any tracks or other markings showed that the animal, after being struck by the train\u2014 if, in fact, it was so struck \u2014 dragged itself under the fence and to the spot where it died. Appellant defended on the theory that the horse was hit by a truck on the highway, rather than by appellant\u2019s train.\nThe trial court, at the request of the appellee, gave the following instruction as plaintiff\u2019s instruction No. 3:\n\u201cYou are instructed that if you find from the facts and circumstances as testified to in this case that the animal in question was permitted to enter the defendant\u2019s right of way on account of the'negligence of the defendant, if any, in failing to keep the fences in proper repair, and was struck by one of the defendant\u2019s trains, then you are told and instructed that the defendant would be liable in this case and you will find for the plaintiff.\u201d\n. To this instruction appellant objected generally and specially. The special objection was that:\n\u201c. . . there has been no proof whatever that the animal was killed by the operation of a railroad train, and the mere fact that the fence was down, if it was, would not be sufficient to return a verdict against the railroad company in this case.\u201d\nThe special objection pointed out a serious and fatal defect; and the judgment must be reversed because of this erroneous instruction.\nIt will be observed that this was a binding instruction \u2014 i. e., it told the jury that, if only the conditions stated in that one instruction existed, then the jury would return a verdict for the plaintiff. Under this instruction No. 3, the jury was told to return a verdict for the plaintiff, if it found these conditions to exist:\n(1) that the horse entered the railroad right of way on account of the appellant\u2019s negligence; and\n(2) that the horse was struck by a train.\nThe effect of this instruction was to make the railroad company an insurer of the safety of the animal, if once the animal entered the right of way because of the railroad\u2019s negligence in permitting the fence to be in bad condition. The mere statement of such effect shows the inherent vice.\nIn Fenton v. DeQueen & E. Ry Co., 102 Ark. 386, 144 S. W. 192, the plaintiff asked as instruction No. 2 which read:\n\u201cIf the jury believe from the evidence that the animal in question was injured by defendant\u2019s train, you will find for the plaintiff. \u2019 \u2019\nOf that instruction, we said:\n\u201cInstruction number 2, as requested, was properly refused, since it directed a finding against the defendant if the animal in question was injured by one of its trains, without regard to whether it was negligently done. ...\u201d\nMr. Justice Kirby also said in that case:\n\u201cInstruction No. 4 was subject to like objection, in that it . . . told the jury that if . . . the animal was injured by a train, the presumption would arise that it was negligently done, and (the instruction) directed them to find for the plaintiff. The direction was not proper, since it had the effect to declare the presumption of negligence conclusive.\u201d\nLikewise, in the case at bar, plaintiff\u2019s instruction No. 3 \u201chad the effect to declare the presumption of negligence to be conclusive.\u201d\nAssuming it to have been the duty of the railroad company to maintain the fence, what the plaintiff evidently had in mind in requesting instruction No. 3, was to tell the jury that, if (1) the horse entered the right of way because of the negligence of the railroad company, and (2) was struck by a train,\u00bb then the burden would be on the railroad company to show itself free of negligence in striking the horse. The' reason we think appellee intended to conclude as italicized above is, because in his brief he has cited us to Mo. Pac. R. Co. v. Green, 172 Ark. 423, 288 S. W. 908, and Little Rock, etc. Ry. Co. v. Wilson, 66 Ark. 414, 50 S. W. 995. In the Green case we held that, when it was proved that the animal was killed by the train, then the burden was on the railroad company to show itself free from negligence. In the Wilson case, after detailing the facts, we said:\n\u201c. . . there was a prima facie case of injury by the railway company, and, in the absence of proof to the contrary, it will be presumed that it was caused through the company\u2019s negligence.\u201d\nThese cited cases clearly indicate that the presumption of negligence is not conclusive, but is rebuttable; yet plaintiff\u2019s instruction No. 3 made the killing of the animal proof conclusive of the railroad\u2019s negligence.\nSince the body of the horse was found outside the right of way fence, it was incumbent upon the appellee to establish that the horse was killed by the train before the statutory presumption fixed by \u00a7 11152, Pope\u2019s Digest, would apply. But if such presumption arises, still, it. is one thing to say that the railroad has the \u201cburden of showing that such animal was not negligently killed\u201d (as said in the Green case, supra), and quite a different thing to tell the jury to \u201cfind for the plaintiff\u201d as plaintiff\u2019s instruction No. 3 said in the case at bar.\nThe judgment is reversed, and the cause remanded.\nIn Reynolds v. Ashabranner, 212 Ark. 718, 207 S. W. 2d 304, we discussed a \u201cbinding instruction\u201d and cited other cases using that expression.\nSee Railway Co. v. Ferguson, 57 Ark. 16, 20 S. W. 545 and St. L. I. M. & S. Ry. Co. v. Wilson, 116 Ark. 163, 171 S. W. 471.\nCases construing the statutory burden on the railroad company to disprove negligence for stock killed by a train appear in West\u2019s Arkansas Digest \u201cRailroads,\u201d \u00a7 441.", "type": "majority", "author": "Ed. F. McFaddin, Justice." } ], "attorneys": [ "Henry Bonham and Richard M. Ryan, for appellant.", "W. H. Glover, for appellee." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "Missouri Pacific Railroad Company, Thompson, Trustee, v. Briner.\n4-8477\n209 S. W. 2d 106\nOpinion delivered March 8, 1948.\nHenry Bonham and Richard M. Ryan, for appellant.\nW. H. Glover, for appellee." }, "file_name": "0018-01", "first_page_order": 34, "last_page_order": 37 }