{ "id": 8720284, "name": "Howell v. Shores", "name_abbreviation": "Howell v. Shores", "decision_date": "1948-12-20", "docket_number": "4-8670", "first_page": "301", "last_page": "307", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "214 Ark. 301" }, { "type": "parallel", "cite": "215 S.W.2d 730" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "Ark.", "id": 8808, "name": "Arkansas Supreme Court" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 34, "name_long": "Arkansas", "name": "Ark." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "109 A. L. R. 434", "category": "reporters:specialty", "reporter": "A.L.R.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "44 S. W. 2d 353", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.W.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "184 Ark. 887", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1438569 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/184/0887-01" ] }, { "cite": "269 U. S. 93", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "U.S.", "case_ids": [ 186291 ], "weight": 3, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/us/269/0093-01" ] }, { "cite": "305 U. S. 85", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "U.S.", "case_ids": [ 6138447 ], "weight": 3, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/us/305/0085-01" ] }, { "cite": "69 L. Ed. 538", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "L. Ed.", "case_ids": [ 6137534 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/us/267/0126-01" ] }, { "cite": "267 U. S. 540", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "U.S.", "case_ids": [ 6143475 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/us/267/0540-01" ] }, { "cite": "298 U. S. 94", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "U.S.", "case_ids": [ 1486216 ], "weight": 3, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/us/298/0094-01" ] }, { "cite": "161 U. S. 72", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "U.S.", "case_ids": [ 5701311 ], "weight": 3, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/us/161/0072-01" ] }, { "cite": "253 U. S. 170", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "U.S.", "case_ids": [ 189327 ], "weight": 3, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/us/253/0170-01" ] }, { "cite": "209 Ark. 539", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1475871 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/209/0539-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 671, "char_count": 12505, "ocr_confidence": 0.513, "pagerank": { "raw": 4.03580807328026e-08, "percentile": 0.2085171760979115 }, "sha256": "6bdd6a4b3a326c3cda92a776c61ab79fb6f4c4832146c6172de6398c8416b71a", "simhash": "1:e7dee9054e379aef", "word_count": 2110 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T15:29:26.096089+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [], "parties": [ "Howell v. Shores." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "WiNE, J.\nThe appellee, Harley Shores, while employed as an \u201cExtra-Gang\u201d laborer by the Missouri Pacific Railroad Company, was, on December 19, 1943, severely injured as a result of being struck by a piece of ice thrown or otherwise dislodged from a passing troop train. The appellant, D. H. Howell, a practicing attorney of Yan Bur\u00e9n, Arkansas, was employed by the ap-pellee to file suit against the Missouri Pacific Railroad Company to recover compensation tor the injuries thus sustained.\nThe appellant and appellee entered into what appellant terms \u201cthe usual personal injury contract whereby (Howell) was to receive 50 per cent of the amount recovered for his services in prosecuting' said lawsuit.\u201d After some preliminary investigation and during the trial of this suit in the Circuit Court of Crawford County, it developed that the train from which the ice was thrown or dislodged was a troop train in charge of a troop train commander over which the railroad company exercised no authority, thus suggesting two potential defendants: The Missouri Pacific Railroad Company and the United States Government.\nNotwithstanding this development of facts, judgment was recovered for the appellee against the Missouri Pacific Railroad Company in the sum of $4,000. On appeal to this Court the judgment of the trial court was reversed and the case dismissed. 209 Ark. 539, 191 S. W. 2d 580.\nThereafter in pursuance of appellee\u2019s instructions, the appellant procured the passage of a special act of Congress for the relief of the appellee in which the Secretary of the Treasury was authorized and directed to pay to the appellee the sum of $4,000, said Act being styled and numbered \u201cPrivate Law 95 of the 80th Congress of the United States, being an Act for the relief of Harley Shores.\u201d After providing for the payment of the $4,000 aforesaid, said Act further provided:\n\u201cThat no part of the amount appropriated in this Act in excess of 10 per centum thereof shall be paid or delivered to or received by any agent or attorney on account of service rendered in connection with this claim, and the same shall be unlawful, any contract to the contrary notwithstanding. Any person violating the provisions of this Act shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be fined in any sum not exceeding $1,000. Approved July 30, 1947.\u201d\nThe voucher in payment of the $4,000 authorized by the Act of Congress was mailed to the appellee in care of the appellant who accompanied the appellee to the bank for the purpose of cashing said voucher after both Had endorsed the same. Appellee deposited $1,900 to his own credit and returned to appellant\u2019s office with $2,100 where appellee paid appellant a fee of $400 as provided in said Act, appellant giving appellee his receipt therefor. A conversation then ensued relative to the services rendered by appellant in prosecuting the case against the Missouri Pacific Railroad Company.\nAt appellant\u2019s direction, appellee paid appellant an additional fee of $1,600, taking another receipt from appellant. for this additional fee. Some four or five days later appellee returned to appellant\u2019s office complaining that \u2019 appellant had \u201cmistreated\u201d him in that the first $400 was all that appellant was \u201cto get\u201d and that unless appellant made some adjustment appellee was going to prosecute appellant. After an exchange of words, appellant\u2019s son and law partner, Travis Howell, interceded, saying in substance that if appellee carried out his threat \u201cit would not be good for our law firm to get mixed up in something like this, to have it before the people would be a reflection on our firm ... it would be too much to go through a lawsuit with the government.\u201d As a result of this controversy, appellant paid appellee $500 in cash, took up and destroyed the receipt for $1,600. This left appellant with an aggregate fee of $1,500.\nA few days later appellee addressed appellant by let ter making further demand for an additional $500. On hi o-vember 6, 1947, appellant filed suit against the appellee in the Crawford Circuit Court alleging and setting forth in his complaint his services rendered in behalf of ap-pellee and praying judgment \u201cin the sum of $2,000, or ' in such sums as the court may find the value of his services rendered to be, together with all his costs therein laid out and expended,\u201d and on the same date caused a \u201cWrit of Garnishment\u201d to be issued garnishing the $1,900 deposited by the appellee to his own credit in the Peoples Bank & Trust Company of Van Bur\u00e9n from the proceeds of the government voucher.\nAppellee filed his answer and cross-complaint setting forth what had transpired between the parties and payments made to appellant, alleging that the $1,500 attorney\u2019s fee theretofore paid by him to appellant was beyond the legal limit allowed and allowable by the Act of Congress and praying judgment against the appellant for the $1,100 paid in excess of the $400 allowed by the Act of Congress and that the garnishment proceedings be immediately quashed.\nAppellant then filed an amendment to his complaint alleging that the original \u201cPersonal Injury Contract\u201d whereby the plaintiff (Howell) was to receive 50 per cent of the amount recovered for his services . . . \u201chad been abrogated at the time it was determined that the block of ice which struck appellee was thrown or otherwise dislodged from a troop train; that it might be necessary to seek relief from the United States government; that a new oral contract was entered into under the terms of which appellee was to pay appellant a \u2018reasonable\u2019 fee for his services in prosecuting the suit against the Missouri Pacific Railroad Company and praying judgment against the appellee and the garnishee in the sum of $500.\u201d\nOn the tenth day of March, 1948, this cause came on to be heard in the Crawford Circuit Court and at the conclusion of the evidence introduced by appellant and upon motion of the appellee, the trial court instructed and the jury found:\n\u201cWe, the jury, find for the defendant, Harley Shores, on plaintiff\u2019s complaint and on plaintiff\u2019s amended complaint, and for the defendant (Shores) against plaintiff (Howell) in the sum of $1,100 on defendant\u2019s (Shores) cross-complaint. Sam Whitson, Foreman. \u2019 \u2019\nAnd-from this judgment comes this appeal.\nAppellant offered testimony of other attorneys as to the value of the services rendered. But this is not important for a determination of this case for reasons hereinafter stated. Nor is it important for a determination of this case to discuss any portion of appellant\u2019s motion for a new trial except Assignments 4 and 5 thereof which read as follows:\nIV.\n\u201cThat the court erred in withdrawing from the jury\u2019s consideration plaintiff\u2019s cause of action as stated in his complaint and amended complaint and in instructing a verdict thereon for the defendant.\u201d\nV.\n\u201cThat the court erred in withdrawing from the jury\u2019s consideration defendant\u2019s cross-complaint and in instructing a verdict thereon for the defendant.\u201d\nThe appellant is in error in these assignments.\nIt is undisputed that the only monetary recovery and benefits inuring to the appellee were the proceeds of the government voucher paid in obedience to and in compliance with the special act of Congress, nor is it disputed that the funds garnished and sought to be recovered by appellant were a part of the proceeds of said voucher paid as provided by said Act of Congress, which act as aforesaid limited to 10 per cent of the aggregate $4,000 that should be \u201creceived by any agent or attorney on account of services rendered in connection with this claim . . . any contract to the contrary notivithstanding.\u201d (Italics supplied.)\nEven if the original contract of employment had been abrogated and a new oral contract entered into for a \u201creasonable\u201d fee, as contended by appellant, the trial court was amply justified and eminently correct in instructing a verdict in favor of the appellee.\nThis would be true even though the employment contracts were entered into prior to the passage of the Act of Congress. In the case of Calhoun v. Massie, 253 U. S. 170, 40 S. Ct. 474, 64 L. Ed. 843, Mr. Justice Brah-deis, speaking for the Court had this to say: \u201cAn act limiting the compensation of attorneys in the prosecution of claims, against the government is valid also as to contracts which had been entered into before its passage was expressly held in Ball v. Halsell, 161 U. S. 72, 16 S. Ct. 554, 40 L. Ed. 622. The act there in question was passed seventeen years after the date of the contract, and the attorney had performed important services before its enactment, hiere, it is said, substantially all the services required of Calhoun had been performed when the act was passed. The difference in the percentage of services performed cannot here effect the legal result. \u2019 \u2019\nAppellant\u2019s fee must be held to be limited to the terms and restrictions contained in the special act of Congress. Even though if considered on a quantum meruit basis, such services would appear to be of greater value.\nIn the case of Brown v. Gesselschaft, 70 D. C. App. 94, 104 Fed. 2d 227, Mr. Justice Miller, speaking for the United States Court of Appeals, for the District of Columbia, said: \"The policy of the law which prohibits contingent fees for services rendered in securing \u2018favor legislation\u2019 is not concerned with the moral or ethical standards of clients served. The purpose of the law is to prevent improper pressures upon legislative action. The fact that a client may be one ... to take advantage of his agent, certainly constitutes no reason for permitting his agent to take advantage of the government. This is particularly true in the present case. Justice, although perhaps a blind goddess, cannot overlook the fact that the appellant is a lawyer, an officer of the court, charged with knowledge of the law.\u201d\nAnd a headnote from the same case reads:\n\"An attorney who was denied recovery against foreign corporation on contingent fee contract whereby attorney agreed to enforce corporation\u2019s rights against federal government, on ground that contract was void as against public policy, was not entitled to recover against corporation on quantum meruit.\u201d See, also, headnote in the case of Nesbit v. Frederick Snare Corporation, 68 D. C. App. 263, 96 Fed. 2d 535:\n\u201cWhere act, appropriating money in settlement of claim against United States, provided that it should be unlawful for any attorney to receive any sum of money appropriated in excess of 10 per cent, only 10 per cent of amount appropriated in settlement of claim could be recovered as attorney\u2019s fees, notwithstanding claimant\u2019s contract with attorney provided for 50 per cent contingent fee and notwithstanding claimant had sufficient funds, aside from amount received in settlement of claim, with which to pay full amount of the contingent fee.\u201d\nThe holding in the foregoing ease is most favorable to the appellee, for in the case before us the funds sought to be recovered and garnished by appellant were a part of the funds received from .the government in settlement of the claim.\nFor further authority for our holdings thus far see, also, Smith v. United States, 83 Fed. 2d 631; Hines v. Stein, 298 U. S. 94, 56 S. Ct. 699, 80 L. Ed. 1063; Purvis v. United States, 61 Fed. 2d 992; Yeiser v. Dysart, 267 U. S. 540, 45 S. Ct. 399, 69 L. Ed. 538; Sutherland, et al. v. New York & Baltimore Transportation Lines, 43 Fed. Supp. 94; Hines v. Lowrey, 305 U. S. 85, 59 S. Ct. 31, 83 L. Ed. 56; Margolin v. United States, 269 U. S. 93, 46 S. Ct. 64, 70 L. Ed. 176.\nFrom this jurisdiction see the case of Purvis v. Walls, 184 Ark. 887, 44 S. W. 2d 353, 109 A. L. R. 434.\nWe are also of the opinion that the Writ of Garnishment should be dissolved and dismissed and damages assessed against the appellant in the proper amount, to-wit: interest computed at six per cent per annum on the $1,900 belonging to the appellee while it was wrongfully impounded.\nThe judgment of the trial court is affirmed.\nThe clerk of this Court is directed to include in the mandate our order dismissing the garnishment and allowing appellee damages for the wrongful issuance of the Writ of Garnishment at the rate of six per cent per an-num on the item of $1,900 for the period covered by the garnishment.\nIt is so ordered.", "type": "majority", "author": "WiNE, J." } ], "attorneys": [ "Ralph Robinson and Howell & Hoivell, for appellant.", "Heartsill Ragon and Paul E. Gutensohn, for ap-pellee." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "Howell v. Shores.\n4-8670\n215 S. W. 2d 730\nOpinion delivered December 20, 1948.\nRalph Robinson and Howell & Hoivell, for appellant.\nHeartsill Ragon and Paul E. Gutensohn, for ap-pellee." }, "file_name": "0301-01", "first_page_order": 339, "last_page_order": 345 }