{ "id": 1684832, "name": "Wagnon v. Porchia", "name_abbreviation": "Wagnon v. Porchia", "decision_date": "1962-11-19", "docket_number": "5-2806", "first_page": "731", "last_page": "737", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "235 Ark. 731" }, { "type": "parallel", "cite": "361 S.W.2d 749" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "Ark.", "id": 8808, "name": "Arkansas Supreme Court" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 34, "name_long": "Arkansas", "name": "Ark." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "214 F. 2d 810", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F.2d", "case_ids": [ 537481 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f2d/214/0810-01" ] }, { "cite": "197 S. W. 1177", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.W.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "130 Ark. 491", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 8721928 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/130/0491-01" ] }, { "cite": "213 Ark. 431", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1467108 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/213/0431-01" ] }, { "cite": "204 Ark. 877", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1444101 ], "weight": 4, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/204/0877-01" ] }, { "cite": "137 S. W. 2d 242", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.W.2d", "weight": 3, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "199 Ark. 1045", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1456507 ], "weight": 3, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/199/1045-01" ] }, { "cite": "233 Ark. 589", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1691730 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/233/0589-01" ] }, { "cite": "227 Ark. 782", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1705670 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/227/0782-01" ] }, { "cite": "227 Ark. 785", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1705385 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/227/0785-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 604, "char_count": 12389, "ocr_confidence": 0.54, "pagerank": { "raw": 8.138363859351185e-08, "percentile": 0.4704710583512784 }, "sha256": "5f0ba4d6ba78152da81d2f81fc7ea194db554db0ee7afb6c63b3dcbad58dd036", "simhash": "1:df4c34f4fa2d8db2", "word_count": 2180 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T18:12:51.729415+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [], "parties": [ "Wagnon v. Porchia." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "Ed F. McFaddin, Associate Justice.\nThis case results from a traffic mishap which occurred on July 30, 1960, when a pickup truck driven by J. W. Wagnon was struck by a car driven by the appellee, Raymond Porchia. Wagnon was killed and Porchia was injured. Porchia filed action against the estate of Wagnon, claiming that the collision was entirely the fault of Wagnon. Mrs. J. W- Wagnon, as Special Administratrix, filed answer, denying that Wagnon was negligent; and she also cross-complained against Porchia for damages, alleging that his negligence caused the collision and the death of Wagnon. Wagnon carried liability insurance, and his insurance carrier effected a settlement with Porchia and the claim of Porchia against the Wagnon estate was settled and dismissed; but the settlement by the Insurance Company did not affect the claim of Mrs. Wagnon, as special administratrix, against Porchia. That claim was tried before a jury and resulted in a verdict and judgment for Porchia. It is from that trial that the present appeal is prosecuted.\nI. Motion To Strike Answer To Cross Complaint. Porchia\u2019s original complaint was filed on October 14, 1960. On November 2, 1960, Mrs. Wagnon filed her answer and cross-complaint; and the answer to the cross-complaint was not filed by Porchia until April 5, 1961. Because of such delay, the appellant, on September 28, 1961, moved that the answer to the cross-complaint be stricken and Porchia found to be in default, citing in support of such motion \u00a7 27-1137 Aide. Stats.; Pyle v. Amsler, 227 Ark. 785, 301 S. W. 2d 441; and Walden v. Metzler, 227 Ark. 782, 301 S. W. 2d 439. The Trial Court denied the motion to strike; and, under the facts shown by the evidence, we hold such ruling to be correct.\nMrs. Wagnon was represented by another attorney when her answer and cross-complaint were filed; and that attorney continued in the case until after April 14, 1961, when the insurance company settled the claim of Porchia against the Wagnon estate. Mrs. Wagnon\u2019s original attorney then withdrew from the case and she retained her present counsel. The answer to the cross-complaint was filed while Mrs. Wagnon\u2019s original attorney represented her, and he never claimed a default and testified that he had no idea of claiming one. He remained in the case nntil after April 14, 1961. It is easy to see that from the time of the filing of Mrs. Wagnon\u2019s cross-complaint until the insurance company effectuated its settlement, there were negotiations in progress and such negotiations accounted for the failure of Porchia\u2019s attorneys to file the answer to the cross-complaint. It was not until the original complaint was settled and it was seen that the negotiations were ended that it became necessary to file the answer to the cross-complaint. So the Trial Court was correct in refusing appellant\u2019s motion to strike the answer to the cross-complaint. See Easley v. Inglis, 233 Ark. 589, 346 S. W. 2d 206.\nII. Excliosion Of Evidence. The traffic collision between the Porchia car and the Wagnon pickup truck occurred on U. S. Highway No. 79; and both vehicles were going in the same general direction. Porchia was traveling northerly from Stephens to Camden, and he overtook and passed a truck driven by the witness, Gene Kesner. This passing of the Kesner truck was less than a half mile from the place where the collision subsequently occurred. Kesner testified that he continued to travel 55 miles per hour; that Porchia was traveling 75 miles an hour when he passed the Kesner truck; that after passing the Kesner truck Porchia increased his speed to 85 miles an hour; that when Kesner last saw the Porchia car it was traveling 85 miles an hour and \u201cfishtailing\u201d, that the Porchia car rounded a curve so Kesner did not continuously see the Porchia car, but the mishap occurred 175 yards from the curve. Kesner was traveling 55 miles an hour and when he reached the curve the collision had already occurred 175 yards away. In short, when Kesner last saw the Porchia car, it was traveling 85 miles per hour and the collision occurred only 175 yards farther down the road.\nThe Court refused the above mentioned testimony of the witness Kesner; and this occurred:\n\u201cThe Court: I think his testimony about where he passed him, and how he passed him almost a half mile back wouldn\u2019t be competent testimony, because it is too remote from the scene of the accident. What was he doing at the time of the accident, that is the thing that is proper here. And the other time the closest was 175 yards.\n\u2018 \u2018 Mr. Whetstone: He said he was going faster than 85 miles an hour at that time.\n\u201cThe Court: I think that testimony is too remote, as to the scene of the accident.\n\u201cMr. Whetstone: How fast he was going 175 yards before the collision?\n\u201cThe Court: He said he observed him as he went down the hill, and then as he went out of sight he was fish-tailing. \u2019 \u2019\nThe ruling of the Trial Court is challenged by the appellant; and we hold that the Kesner testimony was admissible and the Trial Court was in error in excluding it. Appellant cites and relies on two Arkansas cases. The first is Mo. Pac. Trans. Co. v. Mitchell, 199 Ark. 1045, 137 S. W. 2d 242, in which a witness was permitted to testify that when the Missouri Pacific bus passed the witness four or five miles from the scene of the accident, the bus was going 75 miles an hour and that the bus continued to drive rapidly until it passed out of view. It is true that in the cited case other witnesses testified that the bus continued at a high and dangerous rate of speed; but, in holding that the questioned testimony was admissible, we cited from Blashfield\u2019s Cyclopedia of Automobile Law and Practice, Yol. 9, \u00a7 6171, as follows:\n\u201cGenerally speaking, any evidence of conditions leading up to or surrounding an automobile accident, which will throw light on the question of whether a traveler was in exercise of due care at the time of the accident, is admissible, in an action for injuries growing out of such accident.\u201d\nThe second Arkansas case relied on by appellant is Jelks v. Rogers, 204 Ark. 877, 165 S. W. 2d 258, wherein a witness testified as to the speed of a truck which passed him three blocks away from the intersection. Of that testimony, we said:\n\u201cWe are unable to agree with the contention that the testimony of Berry Provence as to the speed of the truck when it passed him, about three blocks south of the intersection, was inadmissible. It was competent as a circumstance tending to show the speed of the truck at the time of the collision.\u201d\nTo sustain the ruling of the Trial Court excluding the proffered testimony, appellee relies on Schwam v. Reece, 213 Ark. 431, 210 S. W. 2d 903. In that case the Court refused to allow a witness to testify as to the speed and manner in which the defendant was driving the bus on another trip about thirty minutes prior to the accident, and two or three miles from the scene of the collision. In holding that the ruling of the Trial Court was correct, Justice Millwee, in referring to the case of Pugsley v. Tyler, 130 Ark. 491, 197 S. W. 1177, distinguished it from the two cases here relied on by appellant, by using this language:\n\u2018 \u2018 That case, like the one at bar, is to be distinguished from those cases involving the admissibility of evidence where it is shown that the speed at which the driver was traveling was one continuous act of negligence and not a separate and different act from the one involved in the collision. See Mo. Pac. Trans. Co. v. Mitchell, 199 Ark. 1045, 137 S. W. 2d 242; Jelks v. Rogers, 204 Ark. 877, 165 S. W. 2d 258.\u201d\nIn the case at bar, the excluded testimony of Kesner was that the Porchia car was going 85 miles an hour when he last saw the car a distance of only 175 yards before the collision. A car traveling 85 miles an honr is going in excess of 41 yards a second, so the collision occurred less than five seconds after the Porchia car was last observed by Kesner as traveling at a speed of 85 miles an hour. Certainly neither the distance of 175 yards nor the time lapse of five seconds could render the testimony of Kesner too remote. We hold that Kesner\u2019s proffered evidence was not too remote, and should have been admitted.\nIII. Permitting Appellees To Argue The Settlement Of The Original Complaint. Since the case is being reversed and it is possible that there will be a new trial, we think it proper to mention this point raised by the appellant. In the closing argument appellee\u2019s attorney told the jury, over appellant\u2019s objection, that Porchia\u2019s claim had been settled; and said:\n\u2018 \u2018 He got paid for his damages and there is no complaint about that ... if he had not been in the right the people that found out all about it . . . would not have settled and paid Porchia off. Now I want you to think about that when you go out there to deliberate on this case. According to the evidence in this case they settled with Porchia a short time after this happened, and paid him for whatever his damages were. \u2019 \u2019\nWe think this argument was improper. Our search has not revealed a case like this one, in which an insurance carrier has settled with the plaintiff and the defendant has continued to prosecute the cross-complaint against the original plaintiff. Either the jury should have been fully informed about, the whole matter, or all argument on the point should have been silenced by the Court. We reach the conclusion that the better practice is for the Court to merely tell the jury that the original complaint is out of the case, that it has been disposed of, that it is not a matter before the jury, and that the jury will not speculate about it. Thus, neither side can use the settlement of the original complaint in any way. The Trial Court attempted in the case at bar to make such a ruling because in the instructions he told the jury:\n\u201cYou are instructed that you are not to speculate or consider with reference to any other possible claims or litigation growing out of this collision but you are to confine your deliberations and considerations solely to the merits of this single cause of action of the Wagnons against Raymond Porchia. You are instructed that in making your findings in this case that the jury is not required to speculate as to what happened or as to any phase of the case but a verdict should be, and must be, based upon a preponderance of the evidence or testimony. \u2019 \u2019\nThe instructions were proper: the vice was in allowing the appellee\u2019s attorney to make the argument which we have quoted.\nFor the error in refusing the proffered testimony of the witness Kesner, and for the error in the improper argument, the judgment is reversed and the cause is remanded.\nThe Order of Dismissal recites:\n\u201cIT IS THEREFORE, BY THE COURT, CONSIDERED, ORDERED AND ADJUDGED That plaintiff\u2019s complaint is dismissed with prejudice and that this dismissal fully releases and forever discharges J. W. Wagnon and Mrs. J. W. Wagnon, special administrator of the estate of J. W. Wagnon, Central Surety and Insurance Corporation and all agents, successors and assigns and all other persons, firms, and corporations, of and from any and every claim, demand and cause of action whatsoever which the plaintiff now has or may hereafter have against the said defendants.\u201d\nThis word \u201cfish-tailing\u201d is very descriptive, as used by the witness, and as a verb found in Webster\u2019s Third New International Dictionary as: \u201cto move with a side to side or whipping motion of the stern ...\u201d\nIt will be observed that in Jelks v. Rogers the testimony related to a speed three blocks, or more than 900 feet, from the scene of the collision, whereas, in the case at bar, the testimony of Kesner as to the speed of the Porchia ear was when the car was 175 yards, or 525 feet, from the scene of the collision.\nIn 46 A. L. R. 2d page 9 there is a splendid annotation entitled, \u201cAdmissibility, in action involving motor vehicle accident, of evidence as to manner in which participant was driving before reaching scene of accident.\u201d Also in Comins v. Scrivener (10th Circuit), 214 F. 2d 810, our case of Mo. Pac. v. Mitchell, 199 Ark. 1045, 137 S. W. 2d 242, is cited as being in accord with the general rule.", "type": "majority", "author": "Ed F. McFaddin, Associate Justice." } ], "attorneys": [ "Bernard Whetstone, for appellant.", "Lamar Smead, James M. Rowan, Jr., and Shackleford & Shackleford, for appellee." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "Wagnon v. Porchia.\n5-2806\n361 S. W. 2d 749\nOpinion delivered November 19, 1962.\nBernard Whetstone, for appellant.\nLamar Smead, James M. Rowan, Jr., and Shackleford & Shackleford, for appellee." }, "file_name": "0731-01", "first_page_order": 757, "last_page_order": 763 }