{
  "id": 1864489,
  "name": "Hanauer & Co. v. Gray",
  "name_abbreviation": "Hanauer & Co. v. Gray",
  "decision_date": "1869-06",
  "docket_number": "",
  "first_page": "350",
  "last_page": "352",
  "citations": [
    {
      "type": "official",
      "cite": "25 Ark. 350"
    }
  ],
  "court": {
    "name_abbreviation": "Ark.",
    "id": 8808,
    "name": "Arkansas Supreme Court"
  },
  "jurisdiction": {
    "id": 34,
    "name_long": "Arkansas",
    "name": "Ark."
  },
  "cites_to": [
    {
      "cite": "6 Ark., 257",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
      "opinion_index": 0
    }
  ],
  "analysis": {
    "cardinality": 256,
    "char_count": 3761,
    "ocr_confidence": 0.397,
    "pagerank": {
      "raw": 1.9464221702886516e-07,
      "percentile": 0.7361730355707997
    },
    "sha256": "1de3da764d03f48494d2786fcc5f8297af30f2939a64f4d5cb1d5921cc4563aa",
    "simhash": "1:dab23ff9396dfb37",
    "word_count": 645
  },
  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T19:02:20.284265+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
  },
  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "Hanauer & Co. v. Gray."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Bowen, J.\nTlio appellee brought an action of assumpsit against the appellants, in the circuit court of Randolph county, upon a promissory note, payable in Confederate bonds or Tennessee money, dated January, 26,1862, due at date.\nDefendants, L. Hanauer & Co., filed a demurrer, which was overruled; they then plead non-assumpsit and illegality of consideration. Plaintiff replied in short, Upon the record. The cause was submitted to the court, sitting as a jury, who declared the law to be, that \u201cthe note being the only evidence, and promise to pay in one of two articles, although one be illegal, the court will instruct in favor of the legal mode of performance of the contract;\u201d and found in favor of the plaintiff', in the sum of $>242^^, and entered judgment accordingly.\nThe defendants filed a motion for a new trial, which wras overruled; also, a motion to set aside and arrest the judgment, which was also overruled. The defendants excepted, and the cause comes to this court on appeal...\nThe bill of exceptions shows that the note was the only evidence in the circuit court, and reads as follows:\n\u201cDue Daniel Gray $180-^-, payable in Confederate bonds or Tennessee money. ' L. HANAUER & CO.\n\u201cPocahontas, January 25,1862.\u201d\nThe judgment ivas for $242^0-,' being the amount of the note and interest, at the rate per cent, fixed by statute after the maturity of a note, and, so far as the amount is concerned, seems to be correct.\nThe only question left, therefore, for our consideration, is in. regard to the illegality of the promises. \u201c A distinction must be taken between the cases in which the consideration is illegal in part, and those in which the promise, founded on the consideration, is illegal in part. If any part of a consideration is illegal, the whole consideration is void, because public policy will not permit a party to enforce a promise which he has obtained by an illegal act, or an illegal promise, although he may have connected with this act or promise another which is legal. But, if one gives a good and valid consideration, and thereupon another promises to do two things \u2014 one -legal and the other illegal \u2014 he shall be held to do that which is legal, unless the two are so mingled and bound together that they can not be separated, in which case the whole promise is void.\u201d See Parsons on Contracts,\u2022 page 380.\nIn this case, the payment was to be made in Confederate bonds, or Tennessee money, and the promises are not so mingled and bound together that they can not be separated.\nPassing by the promise to pay in Confederate bonds* without expressing an opinion thereon, we will consider the promise to pay in' Tennessee money. In the ease of Wilburn v. Greer, 6 Ark., 257, and in the case of Searcy v. Vance, Martin and Yerger, Tenn. Reports, Arkansas money and Tennessee money were respectively held to mean current coin of the United States. According to these authorities, no doubt can remain as to the legality of the promise to pay in Tennessee money.\nThe second plea of defendants set up that the note was given for supplies for the Confederate army, to which plea plaintiff replied in short, upon the record,but asno evidence was offered in support of this plea, and no question as to the legal sufficiency of the facts stated therein raised, we see nothing demanding further consideration.\nJudgment affirmed.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Bowen, J."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Watkins & Rose, for appellants.",
      "T. J. Ratcliffe, for appellee."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "Hanauer & Co. v. Gray.\n\u25a0 Illegal promises. A promise, illegal only in part, may be enforced as to tlie part which is legal, provided the two parts are separable.\nA due bill, payable in Confederate bonds or Tennessee money, may be enforced as to the latter mode of payment.\nAppeal from Randolph Circuit Court.\nlion. L. L. Mack, Circuit Judge.\nWatkins & Rose, for appellants.\nT. J. Ratcliffe, for appellee."
  },
  "file_name": "0350-01",
  "first_page_order": 374,
  "last_page_order": 376
}