{
  "id": 1880009,
  "name": "Jack MENDEL and G. William OGDEN, Trustees for Richard J. OGDEN, and Richard J. OGDEN, Individually v. Linda N. GARNER, Insurance Commissioner for the State of Arkansas and Rehabilitator",
  "name_abbreviation": "Mendel v. Garner",
  "decision_date": "1984-10-29",
  "docket_number": "84-162",
  "first_page": "473",
  "last_page": "477",
  "citations": [
    {
      "type": "official",
      "cite": "283 Ark. 473"
    },
    {
      "type": "parallel",
      "cite": "678 S.W.2d 759"
    }
  ],
  "court": {
    "name_abbreviation": "Ark.",
    "id": 8808,
    "name": "Arkansas Supreme Court"
  },
  "jurisdiction": {
    "id": 34,
    "name_long": "Arkansas",
    "name": "Ark."
  },
  "cites_to": [
    {
      "cite": "215 S.W. 258",
      "category": "reporters:state_regional",
      "reporter": "S.W.",
      "year": 1919,
      "opinion_index": 0
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    {
      "cite": "140 Ark. 124",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
      "case_ids": [
        1594430
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      "year": 1919,
      "opinion_index": 0,
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    {
      "cite": "305 U.S. 297",
      "category": "reporters:federal",
      "reporter": "U.S.",
      "case_ids": [
        6140571
      ],
      "year": 1983,
      "opinion_index": 0,
      "case_paths": [
        "/us/305/0297-01"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cite": "261 Ark. 695",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
      "case_ids": [
        1678985
      ],
      "weight": 2,
      "year": 1977,
      "pin_cites": [
        {
          "page": "543"
        }
      ],
      "opinion_index": 0,
      "case_paths": [
        "/ark/261/0695-01"
      ]
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T18:00:41.772495+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
  },
  "casebody": {
    "judges": [
      "Hollingsworth, J., dissents."
    ],
    "parties": [
      "Jack MENDEL and G. William OGDEN, Trustees for Richard J. OGDEN, and Richard J. OGDEN, Individually v. Linda N. GARNER, Insurance Commissioner for the State of Arkansas and Rehabilitator"
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Webb Hubbell, Chief Justice.\nThis case is consolidated on appeal with the companion case of Baldwin-United Corp. and D. H. Baldwin Co. v. Linda Garner, Insurance Commissioner of the State of Arkansas, Rehabilitator.\nAppellants Jack Mendel and G. William Ogden, trustee, are annuity policyholders of National Investors Life Insurance Company, one of the three subsidiary insurance companies owned by Baldwin-United Corp. and D. H. Baldwin Co. which were placed into rehabilitation on July 13,1983. Prior to June 13, appellants had surrendered their policies for the cash surrender value as provided by the insurance contract, but their requests had not been paid by July 13, 1983. On March 23, 1984, the trial court ordered the adoption of the Plan of Rehabilitation submitted by appellee Linda Garner, Insurance Commissioner. Under the Plan, appellants are not permitted to receive an immediate 100% refund of their money but \u00e1re allowed to select from various Plan options and receive their funds in accordance with the provisions of the Plan of Rehabilitation. Appellants contend that they should receive an immediate 100% refund because they attempted to surrender before June 13, more than 30 days before rehabilitation.\nAppellants attack the fairness of the Plan by arguing that the cut-off date of July 13,1983 for payment of claims is arbitrary and unfair. Appellants further argue that National Investors Life Insurance Company was under a contract to pay them the full surrender value of their policies and that the implementation of the Plan constitutes a taking of appellant\u2019s property without due process of law. The trial court permitted appellants to intervene in the rehabilitation proceedings and, at a hearing during the week of January 9, 1983, considered evidence in the form of affidavits, exhibits including a log of annuity policyholders, and the testimony of two employees of National Investors Life Insurance Company.\nThe court found that the Plan \u201cis fair, just and equitable to all interested persons, creditors, and claimants and entities affected by the plan, including the intervenors, and treats fairly and equitably each class of policyholders and certificate holders of the companies.\u201d Those policyholders including appellants with claims not processed to the point of checks having been mailed by July 13,1983 were granted the options available to all policyholders. We affirm the rehabilitation court.\nThe insurance companies were placed into rehabilitation because of serious financial problems. Appellee determined that surrenders must be cupoff at some point and a plan implemented to treat all policyholders as equally and as fairly as possible. Appellee approached the issue by honoring surrender payments for which checks had actually been mailed as of the close of business on July 13, 1983 and by treating all other policyholders in accordance with the plan.\nAppellants admit that the court should establish a date before which all surrendered policies be paid, but they ask that the date be established so that their surrenders will be honored. This issue is one that must rest in the sound discretion of the trial court and should not be disturbed absent a showing of abuse of discretion. Couch on Insurance, 2d \u00a7 22:19 (Rev. ed. 1984). We will not overturn a discretionary act of a trial court simply because one or more members of the court might have attempted to address the problem by a different method. See Midwest Lime v. Independence County Chancery Court, 261 Ark. 695, 551 S.W.2d 537, 543 (1977).\nAppellants suggest that surrender requests received by June 13,1983, should be fully honored regardless of whether a check had been mailed on July 13, 1983. The Plan, which provides that surrender requests having been processed up to the point of checks having actually been mailed be honored, is easily administered and requires no additional time or expense. Appellants\u2019 requested modification would require the rehabilitator to determine when a request was \u201creceived.\u201d This modification could also lead to further modification requests by other policyholders to include all surrender requests mailed prior to June 13, 1983. Other policyholders might then request other modifications equally as meritorious. No one disputes that it would be inappropriate to honor surrender requests until all of the insurance company\u2019s assets were exhausted, and, upon a review of the record, we cannot say that the trial court abused its discretion in establishing the cut-off date it did.\nThe trial court also denied appellants\u2019 contention that they should be paid because National Investors Insurance Company was under a contractual obligation to do so and found no merit to appellants\u2019 claim that the Plan constituted a taking of property without due process of law. The rehabilitation of insurance companies pursuant to state insolvency statutes does not impair the obligation of contracts. Neblett v. Carpenter, 305 U.S. 297 (1983); Lewelling v. Manufacturing Wood-Workers\u2019 Underwriters, 140 Ark. 124, 215 S.W. 258 (1919). A hearing with the submission of evidence and testimony satisfies the constitutional requirement of due process of law.\nAppellants\u2019 final argument is that the trial court erred in denying a motion for class certification. The Commissioner of Insurance acting as rehabilitator is the statutory representative of the policyholders, creditors and shareholders. Ark. Stat. Ann. \u00a7 66-4814 (Repl. 1980). Individual policyholders were given ample opportunity to appear and make statements concerning the various plans considered before the adoption of the Plan. Moreover, in rehabilitation proceedings, the rights of all policyholders are already before the court. The certification of a class action depends upon the trial court\u2019s finding that a class action is superior to other means for the fair and efficient adjudication of the controversy. ARCP Rule 23. The findings of the trial court are not clearly erroneous. ARCP Rule 52.\nAffirmed.\nHollingsworth, J., dissents.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Webb Hubbell, Chief Justice."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Jacob if Sherman, by: William F. Sherman, for appellants, Mendel and Ogden.",
      "Wright, Lindsey if Jennings, for appellants, Baldwin-United Corp. and B.H. Baldwin Co.",
      "Wood Law Firm, by: Doug Wood; and Freytag, Laforce, Rubenstein if Teofan, by: Karl Rubenstein, for appellee."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "Jack MENDEL and G. William OGDEN, Trustees for Richard J. OGDEN, and Richard J. OGDEN, Individually v. Linda N. GARNER, Insurance Commissioner for the State of Arkansas and Rehabilitator\n84-162\n678 S.W.2d 759\nSupreme Court of Arkansas\nOpinion delivered October 29, 1984\nJacob if Sherman, by: William F. Sherman, for appellants, Mendel and Ogden.\nWright, Lindsey if Jennings, for appellants, Baldwin-United Corp. and B.H. Baldwin Co.\nWood Law Firm, by: Doug Wood; and Freytag, Laforce, Rubenstein if Teofan, by: Karl Rubenstein, for appellee."
  },
  "file_name": "0473-01",
  "first_page_order": 509,
  "last_page_order": 513
}