{
  "id": 1877691,
  "name": "Raymond MARSHALL v. Olene MARSHALL",
  "name_abbreviation": "Marshall v. Marshall",
  "decision_date": "1985-04-22",
  "docket_number": "84-320",
  "first_page": "426",
  "last_page": "431",
  "citations": [
    {
      "type": "official",
      "cite": "285 Ark. 426"
    },
    {
      "type": "parallel",
      "cite": "688 S.W.2d 279"
    }
  ],
  "court": {
    "name_abbreviation": "Ark.",
    "id": 8808,
    "name": "Arkansas Supreme Court"
  },
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    "name_long": "Arkansas",
    "name": "Ark."
  },
  "cites_to": [
    {
      "cite": "280 Ark. 71",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
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        1744817
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      "year": 1983,
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    {
      "cite": "282 Ark. 413",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
      "case_ids": [
        1740798
      ],
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      "year": 1984,
      "opinion_index": 0,
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        "/ark/282/0413-01"
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    {
      "cite": "94 ALR3d 176",
      "category": "reporters:specialty",
      "reporter": "A.L.R. 3d",
      "opinion_index": 0
    },
    {
      "cite": "544 P.2d 561",
      "category": "reporters:state_regional",
      "reporter": "P.2d",
      "year": 1976,
      "opinion_index": 0
    },
    {
      "cite": "126 Cal. Rptr. 633",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Cal. Rptr.",
      "year": 1976,
      "opinion_index": 0
    },
    {
      "cite": "15 Cal. 3d 838",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Cal. 3d",
      "case_ids": [
        2272274
      ],
      "year": 1976,
      "opinion_index": 0,
      "case_paths": [
        "/cal-3d/15/0838-01"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cite": "633 S.W.2d 719",
      "category": "reporters:state_regional",
      "reporter": "S.W.2d",
      "year": 1984,
      "opinion_index": 0
    },
    {
      "cite": "281 Ark. 261",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
      "case_ids": [
        1742375
      ],
      "year": 1984,
      "opinion_index": 0,
      "case_paths": [
        "/ark/281/0261-01"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "analysis": {
    "cardinality": 391,
    "char_count": 7579,
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    "simhash": "1:874a2915269e7f0a",
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T21:18:39.025760+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
  },
  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "Raymond MARSHALL v. Olene MARSHALL"
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Steele Hays, Justice.\nThese parties were granted a divorce and the only points raised on appeal by Mr. Marshall, appellant, concern two of the Chancellor\u2019s holdings on the property division. We address first a challenge to the division of appellant\u2019s retirement benefits.\nPrior to his marriage to Mrs. Marshall, appellee, Mr. Marshall was employed by Reynolds Aluminum, and is now receiving retirement benefits of $1,050 per month. He was employed by. Reynolds for thirty-five years and was married to appellee for the last ten of those thirty-five years. The Chancellor found the retirement benefits to be marital property and awarded one-half of those benefits to the wife pursuant to Ark. Stat. Ann. \u00a7 34-1214, Division of Property.\nThe appellant argues that appellee is only entitled to that portion of the benefits which accrued during the marriage or one-half of 2/7ths, approximately $150 per month. He maintains the remainder of the benefits were acquired prior to the marriage and under \u00a7 34-1214 would constitute separate property. We agree with appellant.\nThe Chancellor\u2019s order came on December 30, 1983 before our decision in Day v. Day, 281 Ark. 261, 633 S.W.2d 719 (1984). In Day we overruled our previous decisions and held that pension plan benefits vested but not yet due and payable, constituted marital property and as such should be divided under \u00a7 34-1214 unless the court finds such a division to be inequitable. We relied on Re Marriage of Brown, 15 Cal. 3d 838, 126 Cal. Rptr. 633, 544 P.2d 561 (1976). In Brown, the California court overturned its previous rule of not recognizing nonvested property rights as marital property. The court in Brown did not address directly the question raised here but recognized implicitly that such a division as appellant suggests is correct. In stating the facts of the case the court said a substantial portion of the \u201cpoints\u201d the husband had accumulated for his company was \u201cattributable to his work during the period when the parties were married and living together.\u201d A footnote to that sentence reads: \u201cSince it concluded that non-vested pension rights are not divisible as a community asset, the trial court did not determine what portion of [the appellant\u2019s] pension rights is owned by the community.\u201d The case was remanded for proceedings consistent with the opinion.\nBrown is annotated in 94 ALR3d 176 where we find in those jurisdictions recognizing retirement benefits as marital property, there appears to be no question that benefits based on contribution or services not made during the marriage constitute the separate property of the recipient. And in a more recent Arkansas case, Gentry v. Gentry, 282 Ark. 413, 668 S.W.2d 947 (1984), although not addressing the issue presented here, citing Day, supra, we found the retirement benefits of the husband to be marital property and as part of the basis of that decision we stated that the \u201crequired years of service and contribution occurred during the marriage.\u201d (Our emphasis).\nWe agree that such a classification of previously acquired benefits as separate property is in keeping with the spirit and letter of our own property division statute. Our statute (\u00a7 34-1214) requires that all property owned prior to the marriage shall be returned to the owner and if separate property is not returned to one party, the court must state in writing its reasons for not returning it to the party who owned it at the time of the marriage. The Chancellor here made no finding of separate property, nor gave any reasons for not returning the separate property to the appellant.\nUnder the clear language of \u00a7 34-1214 and its logical application to Day, supra, we must find that the court erred in finding that all the retirement benefits constituted marital property. As twenty-five years of Mr. Marshall\u2019s contributions were made prior to the marriage to Mrs. Marshall, that portion acquired before marriage is his separate property. Accordingly, the award of retirement benefits should be modified to reflect the correct proportionate share due each party.\nAs his second point, appellant argues error in the Chancellor\u2019s finding that the home was marital property and should be divided equally.\nAt the time Mr. Marshall married appellee, he had a home in his name on a lot he owned, which he purchased for $5,000 and with improvements made by both parties the value was about $15,000. The house burned and the Marshalls collected $20,000 insurance \u2014 $15,000 for the home and $5,000 for the contents. It is not disputed that the $5,000 insurance proceeds for contents were for marital property. With the $20,000 insurance proceeds and a note of $5,000 signed by both parties, a mobile home was purchased and placed on the lot owned by the husband.\nThe court found it undisputed that both parties had contributed separately owned property to the improvement of the home, that at the time of the marriage the house was valued at $5,000 and that the home was personal property to be divided one-half to each, less the indebtedness.\nThe appellant makes two arguments. First he argues that the original house was his separate property and under \u00a7 34-1214(B) the increase in the value of separate property acquired prior to the marriage is not considered marital property. Therefore, the mobile home is nothing more than property acquired in exchange for property acquired before the marriage. In the alternative, appellant argues that if it was correctly decided that the home was marital property, the Chancellor erred in not giving appellant credit for the original payment for the property.\nAs to appellant\u2019s first point there is no merit. There appears to be agreement from the testimony of both parties, that after the $5,000 investment of the husband, the remaining increase in value was a result of the efforts of both parties, the increase in value representing the greater portion of the value of the home. We find no error in the Chancellor\u2019s finding the new home replacing the burned home was marital property.\nWe find merit however in appellant\u2019s contention that he should receive credit for his original investment of $5,000. In a somewhat analogous situation in Williford v. Williford, 280 Ark. 71, 655 S.W.2d 398 (1983), we allowed the husband credit for salvage from a house he owned separately which had been destroyed by a tornado but had been rebuilt with joint funds with his wife. Although we did not deal with any question of his original investment other than the salvage, it was not questioned that a portion of the proceeds were paid to satisfy the husband\u2019s remaining mortgage. The only proceeds in issue were for the contents jointly owned and used toward the building of the new home. Under the facts and our decision in Williford and the separate property provision of \u00a7 34-1214, we find there should be an allowance for Mr. Marshall\u2019s original investment which constituted his separate property.\nThe court found that the husband had made an original $5,000 investment and that fact is undisputed. No credit was allowed for that amount, nor any reason given why that amount should not be returned to him as required by \u00a7 34-1214. We therefore find that the division of the proceeds of the mobile home should be modified to allow Mr. Marshall credit for his $5,000 investment.\nThe case is remanded for modification of the order consistent with this opinion.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Steele Hays, Justice."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "W. H. \u201cDub\u201d Arnold, for appellant.",
      "B. W. Sanders, for appellee."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "Raymond MARSHALL v. Olene MARSHALL\n84-320\n688 S.W.2d 279\nSupreme Court of Arkansas\nOpinion delivered April 22, 1985\nW. H. \u201cDub\u201d Arnold, for appellant.\nB. W. Sanders, for appellee."
  },
  "file_name": "0426-01",
  "first_page_order": 456,
  "last_page_order": 461
}