{
  "id": 1875320,
  "name": "Ernie J. AMBORT, Jr. v. Zerle NOWLIN et ux.",
  "name_abbreviation": "Ambort v. Nowlin",
  "decision_date": "1986-05-27",
  "docket_number": "86-22",
  "first_page": "124",
  "last_page": "127",
  "citations": [
    {
      "type": "official",
      "cite": "289 Ark. 124"
    },
    {
      "type": "parallel",
      "cite": "709 S.W.2d 407"
    }
  ],
  "court": {
    "name_abbreviation": "Ark.",
    "id": 8808,
    "name": "Arkansas Supreme Court"
  },
  "jurisdiction": {
    "id": 34,
    "name_long": "Arkansas",
    "name": "Ark."
  },
  "cites_to": [
    {
      "cite": "261 Ark. 53",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
      "case_ids": [
        1678947
      ],
      "weight": 3,
      "year": 1977,
      "opinion_index": 0,
      "case_paths": [
        "/ark/261/0053-01"
      ]
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T19:22:34.211418+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
  },
  "casebody": {
    "judges": [
      "Hays and Purtle, JJ., not participating."
    ],
    "parties": [
      "Ernie J. AMBORT, Jr. v. Zerle NOWLIN et ux."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Darrell Hickman, Justice.\nThe appellant Ernie Ambort, Jr., was bitten by the appellees\u2019 dogs. He sued and a verdict was returned in his favor for $5,043.50. However, Ambort claimed over $7,000 in medical bills and $3,000 in lost wages. He appeals claiming the trial court erred in instructing the jury and that he should be given a new trial. The trial court instructed the jury to determine whether Ambort was at fault in the incident. The jury was also instructed that an owner of a domestic animal, known to be vicious, does not owe the same duty to the injured person if he were a trespasser or licensee. Both of these instructions were supported by the evidence. We affirm.\nAmbort, currently a resident of Texas, was in Little Rock on business and decided to return to the neighborhood where he grew up. While walking in the area, he saw Mrs. Ann Nowlin, an elderly woman, on her front porch. He thought he recognized her and approached the house. There was a public sidewalk in front of the house with a private walk leading to the house. The front yard was enclosed with a chain link fence about four feet high. Ambort stepped off the public walk, approached the fence, and spoke to Mrs. Nowlin. He noticed two barking dogs within the fenced yard and admitted being somewhat apprehensive. He said he watched them from the corner of his eye as he was talking. Ambort testified that he did not lean over or touch the fence, but one of the dogs, an Airedale, jumped up and bit him on the face. The dog actually bit off a portion of Ambort\u2019s nose. Ambort, undoubtedly frightened and shocked, asked Mrs. Nowlin to put the dogs in her house. Finally, she did, and Ambort entered the yard and searched for the missing part of flesh, hoping it could be reattached by a surgeon. While he was searching, one of the dogs came out of the house and bit him again.\nMrs. Nowlin, it developed, had a mental problem. According to her husband, she just did not \u201chave any mind at all.\u201d He acquired the two dogs to protect her and his property which was entirely enclosed by a fence: a high one in the back yard and the four foot fence in the front. He denied knowing the dogs had bitten anyone. He denied knowing that a postman had previously been bitten and had marked the Nowlins\u2019 mail as \u201cdelivery delayed \u2014 animal hazard.\u201d However, he did admit that at one time he had placed signs on the fence warning people of the dogs. They had been torn down, and he had not replaced them.\nThe appellant contends that the judge erred in submitting the case to the jury on the basis of comparative fault instead of on the theory of strict liability; that is, that the owner of a known vicious domestic animal is liable for all damages caused by the animal regardless of the fault of the owner, or the fault of the injured person.\nThe judge was entirely correct, using instructions from AMI Civil 2d 1602 and 1604 (Revised). These revised instructions were drafted after our decision in Strange v. Stovall, 261 Ark. 53, 546 S.W.2d 421 (1977). The reporter\u2019s note to No. 1602 (Revised) reads in part: \u201cIf there is an issue of fact as to whether the plaintiff is a trespasser, licensee, or invitee, this instruction should be appropriately modified.\u201d There was a fact question of whether Ambort was trespassing or a licensee since he was on private property and had not been expressly invited there.\nThere was also a fact question of whether Ambort was guilty of negligence in approaching the fenced yard on private property with two dogs, which were barking and causing him apprehension. He had not been in the neighborhood since his childhood. A jury could conclude that he did not use good judgment, he was negligent, and partly at fault for his injuries. AMI 1604 (New), drafted after Strange v. Stovall, supra, is to be used if there is an issue of the plaintiffs negligence or other fault. The comment to AMI 1602 (Revised) reads: \u201cDespite the rule of strict liability, the plaintiffs recovery may still be diminished by the statutory doctrine of comparative fault.\u201d The instructions were correctly given.\nThe judge substituted the word \u201cfault\u201d in three places for the word \u201cconduct\u201d in this instruction. It was argued that this was misleading in a strict liability case, because it would lead the jury to conclude the defendant must be found at fault, an unnecessary factor in strict liability.\nThe appellant\u2019s theory of strict liability imposed on the owner of a domestic animal, known to be vicious, was repudiated in Strange, and the AMI instruction as revised correctly states the law. Although an owner can be held strictly liable, it does not follow he is liable in every conceivable case; perhaps not where a trespasser or licensee may be injured and perhaps not when a person, through his own fault, causes the accident. In this case it was a fact question for the jury as to whether the owner should be held strictly liable.\nThe appellant raises another argument about the cross-examination of Mr. Nowlin being restricted but that objection was abandoned at trial.\nAffirmed.\nHays and Purtle, JJ., not participating.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Darrell Hickman, Justice."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "G. Ross Smith & Associates, P.A., for appellant.",
      "Laser, Sharp & Mayes, P.A., for appellees."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "Ernie J. AMBORT, Jr. v. Zerle NOWLIN et ux.\n86-22\n709 S.W.2d 407\nSupreme Court of Arkansas\nOpinion delivered May 27, 1986\nG. Ross Smith & Associates, P.A., for appellant.\nLaser, Sharp & Mayes, P.A., for appellees."
  },
  "file_name": "0124-01",
  "first_page_order": 150,
  "last_page_order": 153
}