{ "id": 1882730, "name": "MAGNOLIA SCHOOL DISTRICT NO. 14 of Columbia County and Other Arkansas Public School Districts Similarly Situated, et al. v. ARKANSAS STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION, et al.", "name_abbreviation": "Magnolia School District No. 14 v. Arkansas State Board of Education", "decision_date": "1990-11-19", "docket_number": "89-316", "first_page": "666", "last_page": "672", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "303 Ark. 666" }, { "type": "parallel", "cite": "799 S.W.2d 791" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "Ark.", "id": 8808, "name": "Arkansas Supreme Court" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 34, "name_long": "Arkansas", "name": "Ark." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "223 Ark. 1", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1650186 ], "weight": 6, "year": 1954, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "7" }, { "page": "44" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/223/0001-01" ] }, { "cite": "244 Ark. 1191", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 8725965 ], "weight": 4, "year": 1968, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "1195" }, { "page": "257" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/244/1191-01" ] }, { "cite": "75 S.E. 166", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.", "year": 1912, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "29 S.W.2d 268", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.W.2d", "year": 1930, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "181 Ark. 1046", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 8726484 ], "year": 1930, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/181/1046-01" ] }, { "cite": "259 Ark. 577", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1619303 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1976, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/259/0577-01" ] }, { "cite": "358 U.S. 1", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "U.S.", "case_ids": [ 3655212 ], "year": 1958, "pin_cites": [ { "parenthetical": "the governor has no authority to nullify federal court order" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/us/358/0001-01" ] }, { "cite": "110 S. Ct. 1651", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "S. Ct.", "case_ids": [ 634173 ], "year": 1990, "pin_cites": [ { "parenthetical": "state taxation law must yield to federally mandated desegregation efforts" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/us/495/0033-01" ] }, { "cite": "279 Ark. 340", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1746936 ], "weight": 5, "year": 1983, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "347" }, { "page": "93" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/279/0340-01" ] }, { "cite": "Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 6-20-301", "category": "laws:leg_statute", "reporter": "Ark. Code Ann.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "294 Ark. 515", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1895794 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1988, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/294/0515-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 559, "char_count": 10939, "ocr_confidence": 0.868, "pagerank": { "raw": 1.1666188633416334e-07, "percentile": 0.5852926174460364 }, "sha256": "f434848f0e94e2f5b5ab7fd8a149f5a8ebafb78d745f06c83c7e1cef3d883fa1", "simhash": "1:5d6e4c1e3107d3fd", "word_count": 1790 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T18:41:20.399175+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [ "Newbern and Price, JJ., not participating." ], "parties": [ "MAGNOLIA SCHOOL DISTRICT NO. 14 of Columbia County and Other Arkansas Public School Districts Similarly Situated, et al. v. ARKANSAS STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION, et al." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "Special Justice Sam H. Boyce.\nThe appellants, Magnolia School District No. 14 of Columbia County and Arkansas Public School Districts Similarly Situated, et al. (Magnolia) are a class representing all school districts in Arkansas other than the Little Rock, South Conway County, and Nema Vista districts. They contend that the appellees, Arkansas State Board of Education (Board), et al., illegally paid costs ordered by the federal courts in school desegregation cases under authorization of Section 3 of Act 1048 of 1987 (Public School Fund Act). Magnolia sought a declaratory judgment that the act was unconstitutional and petitioned for injunctive relief against future payments, and for a return of the funds already wrongfully diverted.\nThe trial court denied the unconstitutionality of the Act, noting that it did not violate \u201cequal protection\u201d and that there was a legitimate state purpose and a rational basis for the payment of funds under the Act. The trial court specifically found Section 3 of the Act constitutional; however, it refused to order a refund of certain monies paid out of the Mutual Foundation Program Aid (MFPA) account and issued an injunction to prevent further misdistribution of these funds. The trial court also refused to order the state treasurer to refund the monies previously expended from the MFPA funds.\nWe review chancery cases de novo, Lynch v. Brunner, 294 Ark. 515, 745 S.W.2d 115 (1988), but do not reverse a chancellor\u2019s findings unless clearly erroneous. ARCP Rule 52(a).\nBased on the record before us, we affirm the chancellor in his findings that funds spent pursuant to Section 3, Act 1048 of 1987 were constitutional expenditures. In addition, we find that the trial court was not in error in issuing an injunction to prevent misdistribution of the MFPA funds.\nMagnolia first argues that any distribution of monies to the public schools outside of the MFPA formula proscribed by Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 6-20-301 \u2014 319 (1987 & Supp. 1989) is contrary to statutory law and to our \u201cmandate\u201d in Dupree v. Alma School Dist. No. 30, 279 Ark. 340, 651 S.W.2d 90 (1983). We disagree. There is nothing in the statute that would indicate all distributions to the school districts must necessarily be allocated to the formula. In Dupree, we held that the then-existing formula for funding the various school districts in the state violated the equal protection provisions of the Arkansas Constitution. While we did mandate that a funding formula used by the state to distribute money to various school districts must conform to equal protections and standards and must provide the districts with \u201cequal educational opportunity,\u201d Dupree did not mandate distributions under this formula to the exclusion of all other methods of distribution.\nIn this instance, the General Assembly included as part of the Public School Fund Act a line item appropriation to be used specifically to pay the federal court mandated costs of the Pulaski County desegregation cases. We find nothing inherently wrong with such an appropriation, this being only one of thirty-one total line items.\nEven if the state could make distributions outside the statutory formula, appellant Magnolia further argues that the appropriation nonetheless violates equal protection and serves to deprive appellants of equal educational opportunity. Dupree, 279 Ark. at 347, 651 S.W.2d at 93. In other words, if the appropriation had not been made to the Pulaski County School Districts, appellants would have received these monies through MFPA and the Pulaski County School Districts benefitted from the appropriation to the detriment of appellants\u2019 district. In an attempt to bolster its case, the appellant Magnolia urges us to apply the strict scrutiny equal protection analysis by relying again on language in Dupree that the \u201cright to equal educational opportunity is basic in our society.\u201d Id. We decline to do so. The state had an obligation to follow the orders of the federal court to provide the necessary funds for the desegregation of the Pulaski County School Districts. See Missouri v. Jenkins,_U.S__, 110 S. Ct. 1651 (1990) (state taxation law must yield to federally mandated desegregation efforts); Cooper v. Aaron, 358 U.S. 1 (1958) (the governor has no authority to nullify federal court order). As the trial court noted, following a federal court order is a legitimate, if not compelling, interest, and the utilization of money from the public school fund for the purpose of funding desegregation efforts is rationally related to achieving that legitimate purpose.\nThe legislature has the inherent power to appropriate monies belonging to the State of Arkansas, and those funds should be expended in accordance with the legislative intent. It is the court\u2019s duty, as far as is practical, to reconcile the different provisions so as to make them consistent, harmonious, and sensible. Shinn v. Heath, 259 Ark. 577, 535 S.W.2d 57 (1976). In this instance, the Board has expended funds in accordance with the expressed intent of the legislature.\nMagnolia next argues that the funds spent pursuant to the appropriation on behalf of the Pulaski County School District violates Section 2 of Article XIV of the Arkansas Constitution in that under this provision, no monies belonging to the public school fund are to be spent other than for school purposes. Yet, some of the money from the appropriation went to pay attorney\u2019s fees and Magnolia contends that such payment is not for public school purposes. The trial court disagreed, relying on the Board of Educ. of Lonoke County v. Lonoke County, 181 Ark. 1046, 29 S.W.2d 268 (1930). Magnolia attempts to distinguish Lonoke on the basis that attorney\u2019s fees were utilized to perfect a recovery, as opposed to the diversion of school funds. Although this is a distinguishing feature, we note that the court in Lonoke relied primarily on Taylor v. Matthews, 75 S.E. 166 (1912), as authority for its holding and quoted extensively from Taylor, including the following:\nBut while the expenditure of public school funds is confined to public schools, we are of the opinion that in the conduct of the public schools the proper authorities (such as trustees of the school district) may, in their discretion, make any expenditure of the funds which is absolutely necessary for the proper maintenance of the school entrusted to their charge. Likewise, we are willing to give broad discretion to those charged with the proper maintenance of our schools.\nFurther, in Rainwater v. Hays, 244 Ark. 1191, 428 S.W.2d 254 (1968), this court held that any use of school funds that results in benefits to school funds or property or aids in the stated purposes for which these funds may be expended would not be an unconstitutional diversion.\u201d Rainwater, 244 Ark. at 1195, 428 S.W.2d at 257. Magnolia, argues that since there was no benefit to the public schools as a class, then the appropriation was unlawful. We take the opposite view. Here the monies appropriated were for the benefit of public education. Anytime the evils of segregation can be taken out of the school system, public education as an institution benefits. This money was appropriated specifically for that purpose, and the use of these monies, in part, for attorney\u2019s fees was necessary to achieve the purpose of the appropriation.\nThe trial court found that the Board had distributed money out of the MFPA fund without following the statutory formula for the distribution of these funds and issued an injunction to prevent further misdirection of the funds. This is uncontested on appeal. However, the court held that it was without authority to order the state treasurer to refund the money expended from MFPA funds as that would be tantamount to an action against the state. We agree.\nMagnolia asserts that the trial court erred when it found it did not have authority to order the state treasurer to return the funds that were wrongfully taken from the MFPA fund and distributed outside the statutory formula. Relying on Young v. Clayton, 223 Ark. 1, 264 S.W.2d 41 (1954), the trial court found that doing so would be tantamount to a suit against the state because the funds have already been spent.\nIn Young, the plaintiffs were challenging the diversion of certain highway fund monies to the State\u2019s General Revenue Fund. This court refused to order the state treasurer to refund the diverted funds because plaintiffs failed to offer any proof that the money had not already been spent. The court held that the money still in the hands of the treasurer could have been refunded through an adjustment in the books. However, once the funds have passed outside the control of the treasurer, any such adjustment results in replacing funds already spent, and such an action would amount to a suit against the state. Id. Young, 223 Ark. at 7, 264 S.W.2d at 44.\nMagnolia relies on Chandler, which directed the treasurer to return money to the Public School Fund that had been wrongfully transferred to the Employer\u2019s Accumulation Account. This Court held that such an order was in harmony with Young.\nMagnolia offered extensive proof indicating that there were, at time of trial, substantial sums of money in the Public School Fund and various other funds held by the treasurer. There was also proof indicating that the entire desegregation appropriation has already been spent. Magnolia argues that the money can be replaced from the Public School Fund or from some other fund in accordance with Chandler.\nThis, however, is distinguishable from both Young and Chandler. In both Young and Chandler, the money in question had been taken from one fund and placed and held in another. This was done, essentially, through accounting entries. The Young court refused to order a refund because there was no evidence to indicate that the diverted funds had not been expended. On the other hand, the Chandler court ordered a refund through a bookkeeping entry by the treasurer \u201cto the extent the funds have not been disbursed.\u201d Id. Both cases involved fund to fund transfers.\nThat is not the case here. In this case, there was simply a disbursement (or a number of disbursements) from the MFPA fund to outside parties. Clearly, the money has passed outside the treasurer\u2019s control. Therefore, any attempt for refund would, indeed, be tantamount to paying a judgment out of State funds and would violate Article V, Section 20 of the Arkansas Constitution.\nIn sum, we affirm the chancellor.\nNewbern and Price, JJ., not participating.", "type": "majority", "author": "Special Justice Sam H. Boyce." } ], "attorneys": [ "Perroni, Rauls & Looney, P.A., by: Samuel A. Perroni and Rita S. Looney, for appellants.", "Steve Clark, Att\u2019y Gen., Paul Cherry, Asst. Att\u2019y Gen., for appellee." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "MAGNOLIA SCHOOL DISTRICT NO. 14 of Columbia County and Other Arkansas Public School Districts Similarly Situated, et al. v. ARKANSAS STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION, et al.\n89-316\n799 S.W.2d 791\nSupreme Court of Arkansas\nOpinion delivered November 19, 1990\nPerroni, Rauls & Looney, P.A., by: Samuel A. Perroni and Rita S. Looney, for appellants.\nSteve Clark, Att\u2019y Gen., Paul Cherry, Asst. Att\u2019y Gen., for appellee." }, "file_name": "0666-01", "first_page_order": 710, "last_page_order": 716 }