{
  "id": 1916824,
  "name": "Marion C. BARNES, Timothy D. Brooks, James A. Faulkner, and Soloman Cornelius v. STATE of Arkansas; and Steven E. Nelson v. State of Arkansas",
  "name_abbreviation": "Barnes v. State",
  "decision_date": "1991-05-06",
  "docket_number": "CR 91-11",
  "first_page": "428",
  "last_page": "431",
  "citations": [
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      "cite": "810 S.W.2d 909"
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  "court": {
    "name_abbreviation": "Ark.",
    "id": 8808,
    "name": "Arkansas Supreme Court"
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      "category": "reporters:state",
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      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
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    {
      "cite": "305 Ark. 168",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
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      "year": 1991,
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    {
      "cite": "298 Ark. 489",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
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    {
      "cite": "298 Ark. 536",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ark.",
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      "year": 1989,
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    {
      "cite": "Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 12-9-108",
      "category": "laws:leg_statute",
      "reporter": "Ark. Code Ann.",
      "year": 1987,
      "pin_cites": [
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          "page": "(a)"
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      "cite": "Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7\u00a7 12-9-101",
      "category": "laws:leg_statute",
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T19:53:54.224345+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
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  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "Marion C. BARNES, Timothy D. Brooks, James A. Faulkner, and Soloman Cornelius v. STATE of Arkansas and Steven E. Nelson v. State of Arkansas"
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Tom Glaze, Justice.\nThese five driving while intoxicated cases have been consolidated for appeal. Either Trooper Mark Blankenship or Trooper Mark Hollingsworth was the arresting officer in these cases. The appellants made a motion to suppress evidence and for dismissal on the basis that the two arresting officers failed to comply with the Law Enforcement Standards Act, Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7\u00a7 12-9-101 to -404 (1987), because their files did not contain medical forms F-2 and F-2a. The Arkansas Commission on Law Enforcement Standards (Commission) required these forms by regulation under the authority of Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 12-9-108(a) (1987). The officers\u2019files did, however, contain medical history questionnaire forms and medical examination report forms, and in referring to this information, the trial court held the officers had substantially complied with the requirements of the law and denied the appellants\u2019 motion. Appellants appeal that ruling.\nThis court has held that strict compliance with the standards and qualifications of police officers is required by the language of \u00a7 12-9-108(a), and that substantial compliance is not sufficient. Mitchell v. State, 298 Ark. 536, 769 S.W.2d 18 (1989), and Grable v. State, 298 Ark. 489, 769 S.W.2d 9 (1989). In Mitchell and Grable, we reversed where the defendants\u2019 convictions were based solely on citations issued by officers who failed to meet the requirements established by the Commission under \u00a7 12-9-108(a). Thus, if these two decisions controlled the situations now before us as appellants suggest, we would be obliged to reverse their cases. Matters, however, have changed since these decisions were rendered and those changes compel our affirmance of the trial court\u2019s convictions.\nSince the Grable and Mitchell cases, the General Assembly has passed Act 44 of 1989, which amended \u00a7 12-9-108(a) to provide that the mere failure to meet law enforcement standards shall not invalidate actions taken by law enforcement officers. Act 44 went into effect on November 8,1989, which was after the appellants\u2019 arrests in the instant case but prior to the trial court\u2019s denial of their motion to suppress from which they bring this appeal. The Act further expressed the General Assembly\u2019s intent that it should apply to any pending cases. Furthermore, our court has recently upheld the constitutionality of Act 44, stating the Act\u2019s retroactive applicability to pending cases did not violate the ex post facto doctrine of either the state or federal constitution. Smith v. City of Little Rock, 305 Ark. 168, 806 S.W.2d 371 (1991); Ridenhour v. State, 305 Ark. 90, 805 S.W.2d 639 (1991). Therefore, the Act \u2014 its retroactive effect having been ruled constitutional \u2014 eliminated or removed the earlier language contained in \u00a7 12-9-108(a) (1987), that invalidated official actions taken by police officers who had failed in some aspect to meet the standards and qualifications of the Law Enforcement Standards Act.\nAs pointed out, the appellants\u2019 cases here were pending when Act 44 was enacted. Thus, applying Act 44 to the present situations, officers Blankenship\u2019s and Hollingsworth\u2019s arrests of the appellants were not invalidated merely because their files failed to contain the specified medical forms required by the Commission.\nIn reaching our holding, we note that Act 44 was not argued below, and that, in two earlier cases, we declined to address for the first time on appeal that the (1) state\u2019s argument that Act 44 should be interpreted and applied so as to validate actions of officers who had failed to meet Commission standards or qualifications and (2) defendants\u2019 counter arguments that the Act\u2019s retroactive application violated the ex post facto clause. See Johnson v. City of Kensett, 301 Ark. 592, 787 S.W.2d 651 (1990), and Freeman v. City of DeWitt, 301 Ark. 581, 787S.W.2d 658 (1990). However, since our decisions in Johnson and Freeman, we have laid to rest the issues bearing on Act 44\u2019s interpretation and the constitutionality of its retroactive application to pending cases. Ridenhour, 305 Ark. 90, 805 S.W.2d 639. Thus, while we refused in Johnson and Freeman to reach or rule on these issues surrounding Act 44, those issues have now been fully developed and decided. As decided in Ridenhour, Act 44 applies to cases which were pending at the time of its enactment and its retroactive application is constitutional.\nUndisputably, the appellants\u2019 cases before us now were pending when Act 44 was enacted. Thus, although the trial court was wrong in stating officers Blankenship and Hollingsworth had substantially complied with the requirements of \u00a7 12-9-108(a), its decision upholding the officers\u2019 arrests of appellants was correct under Act 44 \u2014 the amendment removing the strictures of \u00a7 12-9-108 (a) that previously invalidated any actions taken by officers who did not meet Commission standards or qualifications. In sum, while the trial judge was in error in his reasoning when rendering the appellants\u2019 convictions, the result reached by him was correct. See Marchant v. State, 286 Ark. 24, 688 S.W.2d 744 (1985). Therefore, we affirm.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Tom Glaze, Justice."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Poynter & Gearhart, P.A., by: Van A. Gearhart; and Osman, Chism & Ethredge, by: Richard S. Paden and Kerry D. Chism, for appellants.",
      "Winston Bryant, Att\u2019y Gen., by: J. Brent Standridge, Asst. Att\u2019y Gen., for appellee."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "Marion C. BARNES, Timothy D. Brooks, James A. Faulkner, and Soloman Cornelius v. STATE of Arkansas and Steven E. Nelson v. State of Arkansas\nCR 91-11\n810 S.W.2d 909\nSupreme Court of Arkansas\nOpinion delivered May 6, 1991\nPoynter & Gearhart, P.A., by: Van A. Gearhart; and Osman, Chism & Ethredge, by: Richard S. Paden and Kerry D. Chism, for appellants.\nWinston Bryant, Att\u2019y Gen., by: J. Brent Standridge, Asst. Att\u2019y Gen., for appellee."
  },
  "file_name": "0428-01",
  "first_page_order": 456,
  "last_page_order": 459
}