{ "id": 1257809, "name": "Sharon BOOTHE v. Michael David BOOTHE", "name_abbreviation": "Boothe v. Boothe", "decision_date": "2000-05-25", "docket_number": "99-1381", "first_page": "381", "last_page": "386", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "341 Ark. 381" }, { "type": "parallel", "cite": "17 S.W.3d 464" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "Ark.", "id": 8808, "name": "Arkansas Supreme Court" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 34, "name_long": "Arkansas", "name": "Ark." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "328 Ark. 573", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 50422 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1997, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/328/0573-01" ] }, { "cite": "314 Ark. 92", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1912807 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1993, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/314/0092-01" ] }, { "cite": "260 Ark. 871", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1616782 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1977, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/260/0871-01" ] }, { "cite": "335 Ark. 534", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 862788 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1998, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/335/0534-01" ] }, { "cite": "328 Ark. 194", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 50385 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1997, "pin_cites": [ { "parenthetical": "citation omitted" }, { "parenthetical": "citation omitted" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/328/0194-01" ] }, { "cite": "294 Ark. 412", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1895723 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1988, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/294/0412-01" ] }, { "cite": "309 Ark. 514", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1906107 ], "weight": 5, "year": 1992, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/309/0514-01" ] }, { "cite": "272 Ark. 51", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1174938 ], "weight": 3, "year": 1981, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/272/0051-01" ] }, { "cite": "273 Ark. 298", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 8719058 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1981, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/273/0298-01" ] }, { "cite": "267 Ark. 86", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1719781 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1979, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/267/0086-01" ] }, { "cite": "311 Ark. 460", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1896990 ], "weight": 3, "year": 1993, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/311/0460-01" ] }, { "cite": "Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 9-13-103", "category": "laws:leg_statute", "reporter": "Ark. Code Ann.", "weight": 13, "year": 1998, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "(a)(l)" }, { "page": "(a)(l)" }, { "page": "(a)(1)" } ], "opinion_index": 0 } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 512, "char_count": 9442, "ocr_confidence": 0.738, "pagerank": { "raw": 2.2963341327567867e-07, "percentile": 0.7868603536345169 }, "sha256": "3c59dc42a63660a62ab40b3ed5a2b5e1f227d72e63099c71c593a89086725adf", "simhash": "1:634a3e0bb95cdd95", "word_count": 1528 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T18:03:19.609022+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [ "Oliver Lee Adams, Jr., Chancellor;" ], "parties": [ "Sharon BOOTHE v. Michael David BOOTHE" ], "opinions": [ { "text": "RAY THORNTON, Justice.\nThis appeal comes to us from a stice. denied standing to a grandmother seeking visitation rights under Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 9-13-103(a)(l)(Repl. 1998). The trial court found that the grandmother, appellant in this case, lacked standing under the statute because appellee was her son and the primary custodian of the children. We hold that the trial court erred, and we reverse and remand the chancery court\u2019s decision.\nAppellant Sharon Boothe is the paternal grandmother of two grandchildren, Zachariah Andrew Case-Boothe, age six, and Haylee Marie Boothe, age four. Michael Boothe, appellee and the biological son of Sharon, is divorced from the children\u2019s mother, Misty Michelle Case. Appellee has primary custody of Zachariah and Haylee, and he refuses to allow contact between appellant and the children.\nAppellant filed a petition for grandparent visitation, alleging that it would be in the best interests of the children if grandparental visitation were granted. In her petition, she states that the last time she saw the children was in October 1998. Appellee denies this allegation, and later he filed a motion to declare Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 9-13-103 unconstitutional, alleging that the statute invades the fundamental right of privacy of parents to determine with whom their children visit, and that it invades the right of parents to raise their children without undue state interference. The chancellor issued an order in which he denied appellee\u2019s motion. He also found that appellant had no standing to pursue visitation under Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 9-13-103. Appellant timely filed a notice of appeal. Appellee did not file a formal notice of cross-appeal, but seeks to raise two points on cross-appeal in his brief.\nWe will first address appellee\u2019s constitutional challenge to the grandparent-visitation statute. The Attorney General was not notified of the challenge to the constitutionality of Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 9-13-103, and the issue was not developed in the record of the proceedings before the trial court. The trial court ruled that the statute was not unconstitutional, and appellee did not file a notice of cross-appeal on this point. Under Ark. R. App. P. \u2014 Civil 3(d), a cross-appeal \u201cmay be taken by filing a notice of cross-appeal with the clerk of the court which entered the judgment, decree or order being appealed.\u201d Id.\nOrdinarily the failure to file a notice of cross-appeal would end the matter, but cross-appeals have been addressed even when no formal notice was filed. In Hasha v. City of Fayetteville, 311 Ark. 460, 845 S.W.2d 500 (1993), a notice of cross appeal was not filed. We pointed out that while a failure to file a notice of cross-appeal would ordinarily end the matter, the appellee in that case did not seek any relief it did not receive in the lower court, and we addressed the matter. Id. It is clear that a notice of cross-appeal is necessary when an appellee seeks something more than it received in the lower court. Moose v. Gregory, 267 Ark. 86, 590 S.W.2d 662 (1979).\nIn this proceeding, appellee is requesting relief he did not receive in the trial court. At the trial level, appellee requested the trial court to rule that Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 9-13-103 is unconstitutional, and the trial court denied his motion. Without filing a notice of cross-appeal, appellee now requests us to provide additional relief by declaring that the trial court erred in failing to declare that the grandparent-visitation statute is unconstitutional because it invades his right to privacy. He requests something more than he received in the trial court. Therefore, we hold that his failure to file a notice of cross-appeal prevents us from considering this point on appeal.\nThe remaining issue to be resolved is whether appellant had standing to pursue visitation rights under Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 9-13-103(a)(l). We have held that visitation rights existing in grandparents must be derived from statutes or conferred by a court of competent jurisdiction pursuant to statutes. Cox v. Stayton, 273 Ark. 298, 619 S.W.2d 617 (1981); Quarles v. French, 272 Ark. 51, 611 S.W.2d 757 (1981).\nIn 1975, the legislature provided for grandparent visitation in the event of divorce or custody proceedings. See Ark. Stat. Ann. \u00a7 34-1211.1 (Supp. 1983). A later amendment enacted a broad standard for grandparent visitation and allowed visitation to a grandparent \u201cregardless of the marital status of the parents of the child or the relationship of the grandparents to the person having custody of the child.\u201d See Ark. Stat. Ann. \u00a7 34-1211.2 (Supp. 1985). In 1987, the legislature again revised this area of statutory law and granted courts permissive authority to allow grandparents visitation in certain circumstances. Arkansas Code Annotated \u00a7 9-13-103 provides in pertinent part:\n9-13-103. Visitation rights of grandparents.\n(a)(1) Upon petition by a person properly before it, a chancery court of this state may grant grandparents and great-grandparents reasonable visitation rights with respect to their grandchild or grandchildren or great-grandchild or great-grandchildren at any time if:\n(A)The marital relationship between the parents of the child has been severed by death, divorce, or legal separation\n(2) The visitation rights may only be granted when the court determines that such an order would be in the best interest and welfare of the minor.\nId. A grandparent\u2019s right to visit her grandchild is a right created by statute. Rudolph v. Floyd, 309 Ark. 514, 832 S.W.2d 219 (1992). This statute was amended in 1987 to provide visitation \u201cif the marital relationship between the parents of the child has been severed by either death, divorce or legal separation.\u201d Id.\nOur rules of statutory construction and interpretation have often been repeated:\nThe first rule in interpreting a statute is to construe it just as it reads by giving words their ordinary and usually accepted meaning. Arkansas Vinegar Co. v. Ashby, 294 Ark. 412, 743 S.W.2d 798 (1988). Statutes relating to the same subject should be read in a harmonious manner if possible. All statutes on the same subject are in pari materia and must be construed together and made to stand if capable of being reconciled.... In interpreting a statute and attempting to construe legislative intent, we look to the language of the statute, the subject matter, the object to be accomplished, the purpose to be served, the remedy provided, legislative history, and other appropriate matters that throw light on the matter.\nBoard of Trustees v. Stodola, 328 Ark. 194, 942 S.W.2d 255 (1997) (citation omitted). On review of an issue of statutory interpretation, we are not bound by the decision of the trial court. In the absence of a showing that the trial court erred in its interpretation of the law, that interpretation will be accepted as correct on appeal. Bryant v. Weiss, 335 Ark. 534, 983 S.W.2d 902 (1998); Hazen v. City of Booneville, 260 Ark. 871, 545 S.W.2d 614 (1977).\nUnder the plain reading of Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 9-13-103, the trial court has discretionary power to grant visitation to a \u201cgrandparent or great-grandparent ... if [t]he marital relationship between the parents of the child has been severed by death, divorce, or legal separation...[.]\u201d In the present case, the marriage between the parents of the grandchildren has been severed by divorce. The statute does not exclude the parents of the parent with custody from standing to seek visitation. However, it is also clear that the decision whether to grant visitation is a matter of discretion for the trial court, based upon the best interest and welfare of the minor. Id.\nWe have expressed this principle in many cases. In Rudolph, supra, we affirmed a chancellor\u2019s order to grant visitation to a paternal grandfather, after paternity was established, for a child born out of wedlock. We stated that the grandparent visitation statute does not exclude grandparent visitation after a paternity finding. Id.\nThere are limitations upon grandparent-visitation rights. For example, these rights may be terminated by an adoption proceeding. In Suster v. DHS, 314 Ark. 92, 858 S.W.2d 122 (1993), we held that grandparental rights are derivative of their children\u2019s parental rights and that the derivative right is subject to divestment by adoption. In Vice v. Andrews, 328 Ark. 573, 945 S.W.2d 914 (1997), we stated that \u201cif there had been no adoption[,] ... the provisions of Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 9-13-103 permitting grandparent visitation privileges would be the controlling statute.\u201d Id.\nWe conclude that in the case before us, appellant has standing to petition for visitation rights under Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 9-13-103(a)(1). Of course, we do not adjudicate the question whether appellant should be granted visitation rights. Under the statute, the trial court has discretion to determine whether visitation rights are appropriate under a best-interest-of-the-child standard.\nAccordingly, we hold that the trial court erred in denying appellant standing to petition for visitation rights under Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 9-13-103, and reverse and remand for further proceedings.\nReversed and remanded.", "type": "majority", "author": "RAY THORNTON, Justice." } ], "attorneys": [ "Boyer, Schrantz, Rhoads, & Teague, PLC, by: Johnnie Emberton Rhoads, for appellant.", "Morris & Morris, PA., by: Tim R. Morris, for appellee." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "Sharon BOOTHE v. Michael David BOOTHE\n99-1381\n17 S.W.3d 464\nSupreme Court of Arkansas\nOpinion delivered May 25, 2000\nOliver Lee Adams, Jr., Chancellor;\nBoyer, Schrantz, Rhoads, & Teague, PLC, by: Johnnie Emberton Rhoads, for appellant.\nMorris & Morris, PA., by: Tim R. Morris, for appellee." }, "file_name": "0381-01", "first_page_order": 407, "last_page_order": 412 }