{ "id": 1491176, "name": "Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Belknap", "name_abbreviation": "Kansas City Southern Railway Co. v. Belknap", "decision_date": "1906-11-26", "docket_number": "", "first_page": "587", "last_page": "592", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "80 Ark. 587" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "Ark.", "id": 8808, "name": "Arkansas Supreme Court" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 34, "name_long": "Arkansas", "name": "Ark." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "92 Mo. 208", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Mo.", "case_ids": [ 1024247 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/mo/92/0208-01" ] }, { "cite": "7 L. R. A. 323", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "L.R.A.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "70 Ark. 165", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "59 Ark. 122", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1327654 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/59/0122-01" ] }, { "cite": "44 Ark. 322", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1893398 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/44/0322-01" ] }, { "cite": "76 Ark. 115", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1501050 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/76/0115-01" ] }, { "cite": "76 Ark. 227", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1501022 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/76/0227-01" ] }, { "cite": "80 Ark. 190", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1491161 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/80/0190-01" ] }, { "cite": "7 L. 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A- 323", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "L.R.A.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "70 Ark. 264", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1509549 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/70/0264-01" ] }, { "cite": "75 Ark. 165", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1502498 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/75/0165-01" ] }, { "cite": "80 Ark. 225", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1491121 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/80/0225-01" ] }, { "cite": "34 Ark. 257", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1875610 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/34/0257-01" ] }, { "cite": "43 Ark. 99", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1894499 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/43/0099-01" ] }, { "cite": "70 Ark. 107", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1509507 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/70/0107-01" ] }, { "cite": "149 Pa. St. 432", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Pa.", "case_ids": [ 832517 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/pa/149/0432-01" ] }, { "cite": "137 Pa. St. 352", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Pa.", "case_ids": [ 821481 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/pa/137/0352-01" ] }, { "cite": "38 N. Y. 440", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.Y.", "case_ids": [ 500815 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ny/38/0440-01" ] }, { "cite": "70 la. 353", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Iowa", "case_ids": [ 8649779 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/iowa/70/0353-01" ] }, { "cite": "88 Cal. 86", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Cal.", "case_ids": [ 1968113 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/cal/88/0086-01" ] }, { "cite": "88 Ala. 538", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ala.", "case_ids": [ 3327044 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ala/88/0538-01" ] }, { "cite": "48 N. J. L. 373", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.J.L.", "case_ids": [ 331286 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/njl/48/0373-01" ] }, { "cite": "64 Fed. 301", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F.", "case_ids": [ 6718673 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/f/64/0301-01" ] }, { "cite": "63 Miss. 571", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Miss.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "60 Ark. 106", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1903733 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/60/0106-01" ] }, { "cite": "48 Ark. 106", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1887730 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/48/0106-01" ] }, { "cite": "46 Ark. 528", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1890483 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/46/0528-01" ] }, { "cite": "49 Ark. 278", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "55 Ark. 433", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "36 Ark. 607", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1872391 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/36/0607-01" ] }, { "cite": "38 Ark. 357", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1900514 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/38/0357-01" ] }, { "cite": "41 Ark. 542", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1896194 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/41/0542-01" ] }, { "cite": "4 Col. 270", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Col.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "85 la. 180", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Iowa", "case_ids": [ 8647201 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/iowa/85/0180-01" ] }, { "cite": "35 N. E. 296", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "38 Ala. 171", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ala.", "case_ids": [ 3005955 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ala/38/0171-01" ] }, { "cite": "55 Vt. 154", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Vt.", "case_ids": [ 2356101 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/vt/55/0154-01" ] }, { "cite": "46 Vt. 587", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Vt.", "case_ids": [ 2353470 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/vt/46/0587-01" ] }, { "cite": "48 Ark. 460", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1887745 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/48/0460-01" ] }, { "cite": "58 Ark. 125", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1329192 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ark/58/0125-01" ] }, { "cite": "76 Va. 1012", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Va.", "case_ids": [ 4385985 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/va/76/1012-01" ] }, { "cite": "58 Vt. 409", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Vt.", "case_ids": [ 762050 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/vt/58/0409-01" ] }, { "cite": "61 Ga. 379", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ga.", "case_ids": [ 19827 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ga/61/0379-01" ] }, { "cite": "73 Ala. 270", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ala.", "case_ids": [ 5546957 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ala/73/0270-01" ] }, { "cite": "45 Md. 564", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Md.", "case_ids": [ 1851027 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/md/45/0564-01" ] }, { "cite": "2 Walk. 482", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Walk.", "case_ids": [ 261453 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/walker/2/0482-01" ] }, { "cite": "43 N. E. 168", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "58 Ark. 479", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "32 Tex. 431", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Tex.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "42 Neb. 503", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Neb.", "case_ids": [ 4447150 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/neb/42/0503-01" ] }, { "cite": "47 Mich. 508", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Mich.", "case_ids": [ 1400262 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/mich/47/0508-01" ] }, { "cite": "47 Mich. 413", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Mich.", "case_ids": [ 1400351 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/mich/47/0413-01" ] }, { "cite": "31 S. W. 843", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.W.", "opinion_index": -1 }, { "cite": "105 Ala. 43", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ala.", "case_ids": [ 3254300 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/ala/105/0043-01" ] }, { "cite": "2 N. Y. Supp. 738", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.Y.S.", "case_ids": [ 5409655 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/nys/2/0738-01" ] }, { "cite": "42 Fed. 47", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F.", "case_ids": [ 6729573 ], "opinion_index": -1, "case_paths": [ "/f/42/0047-01" ] }, { "cite": "34 Ark. 480", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1875707 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/34/0480-01" ] }, { "cite": "12 Ark. 783", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "pin_cites": [ { "page": "800, 801" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "70 Ark. 107", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1509507 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/70/0107-01" ] }, { "cite": "52 Ark. 273", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ark.", "case_ids": [ 1913443 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ark/52/0273-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 663, "char_count": 12201, "ocr_confidence": 0.679, "pagerank": { "raw": 2.448216467186041e-07, "percentile": 0.8037860508469798 }, "sha256": "c8846e60821dc6ec08c16371e3d1f405205b52c83b3bd40f4c45fe4cf08fd68b", "simhash": "1:c2f151ab46951adb", "word_count": 2137 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T18:02:24.457794+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [], "parties": [ "Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Belknap." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "Wood, J.,\n(after stating the facts.) First: We have carefully reviewed the evidence, and are of the opinion that it is sufficient here to support the verdict.\nAppellee adduced evidence tending to support his contention that the station of \u201cSulphur Springs\u201d was called by a trainman about a quarter or half a mile before reaching same, and that shortly thereafter the train stopped, and that he, supposing that the train had stopped at its usual stopping place at the station, attempted to debark; that if the train had in fact stopped after the announcement \u201cSulphur Springs\u201d at the station, instead of at the switch, there would have been no danger at all in his alighting from same on the west side of track where he intended to alight. Appellant contended that the station \u201cSulphur Springs\u201d was not announced, just before the stop was made at the switch, in the car on which appellee was riding, and that, even if it had been, appellee was guilty of contributory negligence in alighting in the manner he did. These were disputed questions of fact. We can not say frbm this record that they were not sent to the jury upon proper instructions, for, after setting out the instructions given at the instance of appellee, the record recites: \u201cTo the giving of instructions numbered-the defendant at the time objected, but the court overruled its objections, and the defendant at the time saved its exceptions.\u201d And after setting out the instructions which appellant asked and which the court refused, the record recites: \u201cThe court refused to give said instructions numbered i, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, and to such refusal the defendant at the time excepted.\u201d These were clearly objections in gross; and as some of the instructions given were good and some of those refused were bad, under recent decisions of this court there is no error reserved to the ruling of the court on instructions. Kansas City Southern Ry. Co. v. Morris, ante p. 528, and cases cited.\nIt would serve no useful purpose to discuss the issuable facts and the evidence in detail pro and con on the questions of negligence and contributory negligence. These were questions for the jury under the evidence.\nSecond. The court did not err in refusing to allow appellant to show that appellee had been indicted for perjury. The fact that a party has been indicted does not affect his credibility. Stanley v. Aetna Ins. Co., 70 Ark. 107; 30 Am. & Eng. Enc. Raw, 1085 and 86, note 1.\nThird. There was no error in permitting appellee to ask witnesses of appellant on cross-examination whether or not appellant had furnished them with transportation. The testimony by the simple affirmative response tended to show the bias or interest of the witnesses, and in this way might affect their credibility. The probative force of such evidence may be and is very weak, but the weight of it was for the jury. There was nothing in the question or response to indicate a purpose to enter in detail upon the circumstances tending to create bias, or show the interest of the witnesses. It is proper always to show the bias or prejudice of a witness toward a party \u2022 litigant as affecting the credibility' of the witness. This is not collateral matter. Crumpton v. State, 52 Ark. 273. The manner of showing it was not contrary to the rule announced in Cornelius v. State, 12 Ark. 783, 800, 801, and followed in Butler v. State, 34 Ark. 480, but rather in conformity thereto.\nFourth. The court permitted appellee to prove that five or six months prior to the injury complained of it had been the custom for some of the appellant\u2019s servants to call the station of \u201cSulphur Springs\u201d a short distance north of said station. The appellant introduced its conductor and elicited the following:\nQuestion: \u201cDoes the brakeman ever call the station in the smoker?\u201d Answer: \u201cOnce in a while he does after we stop at the station.\u201d Question: \u201cCustomarily where does the brakeman call the station?\u201d Answer: \u201cHe announces the station after the train leaves Noel, that the train will stop at Sulphur Springs 20 minutes for supper or breakfast.\u201d Again: Question: \u201cIn coming out of Noel the announcement or information was given to the passengers that the next station would be Sulphur Springs and 20 minutes for supper?\u201d Answer: \u201cYes, sir.\u201d Question: \u201cAfter the train had taken the siding the next announcement would be Sulphur Springs?\u201d Answer: \u201cYes, sir.\u201d Question: \u201cThere was no announcement that you were arriving at the station, other than that prior to the stop for the switch ?\u201d Answer: \u201cNone.\u201d Question: \u201cThat was customary?\u201d Answer: \u201cYes, sir.\u201d Question: \u201cAft.er you had got on to the passing track or the track that you took after throwing the switch, then the station of Sulphur Springs was called?\u201d Answer: \u201cYes, sir.\u201d Question: \u201cThat was your custom?\u201d Answer: \u201cYes, sir.\u201d Question: \u201cYou usually announced it in the smoker, and the brakeman usually announced it in the chair car?\u201d Answer: \u201cYes, sir; that\u2019s the way of it.\u201d\nBy the above evidence appellant attempted to show that it was the custom on appellant\u2019s trains to let passengers know on coming out of Noel that the next station would be Sulphur Springs, and that the next time, according to the custom, the station of Sulphur Springs was announced was after the train had taken the passing track, after the switch was thrown. The evidence objected to was in rebuttal of this, and was proper. It tended to show that it was the custom of appellant to call the station of Sulphur Springs, not on coming out of Noel, but a short distance north of the station of Sulphur Springs, not after stopping at the switch and after taking the passing track, but north of the station before reaching the bridge and the switch. The appellant, having elicted testimony of the custom, is not in a position to complain of the testimony of appellee on the same subject and in rebuttal of appellant\u2019s evidence. If the court committed error in allowing the testimony as to what was the custom in calling the station to be introduced (as the writer is inclined to think), yet the error, if error, in the opinion of the court was invited, and appellant can not complain.\nBinding no prejudicial error, the judgment is affirmed.", "type": "majority", "author": "Wood, J.," } ], "attorneys": [ "W. S. Moore and Read & McDonough, for appellant.", "McGill & Lindsey, for appellee. ." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Belknap.\nOpinion delivered November 26, 1906.\n1. Instructions \u2014 exceptions in gross. \u2014 Exceptions in grtoss to the giving of several instructions, some of which were good, and to the refusal of several requests for instructions, some of which were bad, are insufficient to raise any question on appeal. (Page 589.)\n2. Witness \u2014 impeachment.\u2014The fact that a witness has been indicted for perjury does not affect his credibility. (Page 590.)\n3. Same \u2014 -In a damage suit against a railroad company it was not error to permit plaintiff to ask defendant\u2019s witnesses whether defendant had furnished them transportation, as it is always proper to show the bias or prejudice of a witness towards a party litigant, as affecting the credibility of such witness. (Page 590.)\n4. Incompetent evidence \u2014 invited error. \u2014 One who introduces incompetent evidence of a certain character can not complain if his opponent introduces rebutting evidence of the same character. (Page 591.1\nAppeal from Benton Circuit Court; John N. Tillman, Judge;\naffirmed.\nSTATEMENT BY TI-IE COURT.\nAppellee stepped from the steps of the platform bn the rear end of the \u201csmoker\u201d of one of appellant\u2019s passenger trains, and fell into a creek ten or fifteen feet below, and was injured. He sued appellant, laying his damages at $2,000, and alleging that his. injuries were caused by appellant\u2019s negligence in stopping its passenger train on a bridge at a dangerous place without any warning to appellee and without any precautions to prevent the accident and by calling and announcing the station of \u201cSulphur Springs\u201d before the train had arrived at such station.\nThe appellant denied all the material allegations of the complaint, and set up the contributory negligence of the appellee.\nThe case was sent to a jury on the evidence and instructions. The verdict and judgment were for $725.\nW. S. Moore and Read & McDonough, for appellant.\n1. The court erred in refusing to permit the defendant to prove that plaintiff h\u00e1d been indicted for perjury. 42 Fed. 47; 2 N. Y. Supp. 738; 105 Ala. 43; 31 S. W. 843; 47 Mich. 413; 47 Mich. 508; 42 Neb. 503; 32 Tex. 431.\n2. It was error to permit plaintiff to ask the witness Miller and others whether defendant had furnished them with transportation. Kirby\u2019s Digest, \u00a7 3138; 58 Ark. 479; 43 N. E. 168; 2 Walk. 482; 34'Ark. 480; 45 Md. 564; 73 Ala. 270; 61 Ga. 379; 58 Vt. 409; 76 Va. 1012.\n3. It was error to admit evidence of witnesses that five or six months previous to the accident they had heard trainmen call the station Sulphur Springs a short distance north of that station. Acts of .other railroad employees at other times than that of the accident are not admissible to show that the station was called by the conductor or porter on the evening of the accident. 58 Ark. 125; Id. 454; 48 Ark. 460; 46 Vt. 587; 55 Vt. 154; 38 Ala. 171; 35 N. E. 296; 85 la. 180; 4 Col. 270.\n4. The court erred in its first instruction in directing the jury to find for the-plaintiff if the facts existed as therein defined, \u201cunless the circumstances and indications were such as to render manifest to the plaintiff as a reasonable and prudent person that the train had not reached the usual and proper landing place.\u201d Webster\u2019s Diet., \u201cmanifest;\u201d 41 Ark. 542; 38 Ark. 357; 36 Ark. 607.\n5. If appellee stepped off the car on the west side to show a passenger the eating house, while thus engaged he lost^his status as a passenger. 55 Ark. 433. The court should have given the second and third instructions asked for by appellant, to enable the jury properly to pass upon the contributory negligence of the appellee. 49 Ark. 278; 46 Ark. 528; 48 Ark. 106; 60 Ark. 106.\n6. Appellee was, as a matter of law, guilty of contributory negligence, and can not recover. 16 111. 558; 63 Miss. 571; 64 Fed. 301; 48 N. J. L. 373; 88 Ala. 538; 88 Cal. 86; 70 la. 353; y6 Ky. 44; 38 N. Y. 440; 137 Pa. St. 352; 149 Pa. St. 432.\nMcGill & Lindsey, for appellee. .\n1. Evidence that appellant had been indicted for perjury was not admissible. 30 Am. & Eng. Enc. Law (2 Ed.), 1086; 70 Ark. 107; 43 Ark. 99; 34 Ark. 257:\n2. In bringing out in the testimony of witness Miller that be had been furnished transportation, the object was not to impeach him nor to show bribery or improper use of money; but it was competent to show the relations between him and the company, tending to indicate a friendly feeling on his part toward the company. It would better enable the jury to weigh his testimony. The extent to which a witness may be cross-examined to test his bias and credibility is ordinarily within the discretion of the court. 1 Gr. Ev. (15 Ed.), \u00a7 451, and note a.\n3. Testimony that for several months prior to the accident it was the custom to call the station before the bridge was reached was admissible to corroborate appellee\u2019s testimony.\n4. Appellant\u2019s objections to instructions being general, in, gross, were not sufficient. 80 Ark. 225. The use of the word \u201cmanifest\u201d in the first instruction was proper, taking the ordinary meaning, instead of the technical meaning, of the word. Webster\u2019s Diet.; 75 Ark. 165; 70 Ark. 264; 7 L. R. A- 323-\n5. The issue as to whether or not appellee was guilty of contributory negligence was submitted do the jury and by them decided. If the testimony on that point was such that reasonable men might honestly draw different conclusions therefrom, it was properly submitted to the jury. 80 Ark. 190; 76 Ark. 227; 6r Ark. 549; 76 Ark. 115.\n6. When a station is called, the passenger has the right to infer that the first stop of the train will be at such station; that he will be expected to leave the train if that station is his destination, and to assume that the place is a safe one on which to alight. 44 Ark. 322; 59 Ark. 122; 70 Ark. 165; 75 Ark. 165; 7 L. R. A. 323. Having by its own negligence placed appellee in a perilous position, the appellant can not complain because he acted on its implied invitation to alight. 92 Mo. 208." }, "file_name": "0587-01", "first_page_order": 609, "last_page_order": 614 }