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ELI LILLY & COMPANY et al., Appellants", "name_abbreviation": "Smith v. 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Rptr. 132", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Cal. Rptr.", "weight": 13, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "150", "parenthetical": "Richardson, J., dissenting" }, { "page": "148", "parenthetical": "Richardson, J., dissenting" }, { "page": "145" }, { "page": "145-46", "parenthetical": "\"We are not unmindful of the practical problems involved in defining the market and determining market share, but these are largely matters of proof which properly cannot be determined at the pleading stage of these proceedings\"" }, { "page": "147-48", "parenthetical": "Richardson, J., dissenting" }, { "page": "149", "parenthetical": "Richardson, J., dissenting" }, { "page": "144" }, { "page": "145" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "173 Ill. App. 3d 1", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 3478734 ], "weight": 9, "year": 1984, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "18" }, { "page": "18" }, { "page": "18" }, { "page": "22" }, { "page": "28", "parenthetical": "our appellate court recognized that the joint submission of clinical data in 1941 was distinct from 1947 application process" }, { "page": "15-16", "parenthetical": "detailing the policy reasons for products liability" }, { "page": "26" }, { "page": "23" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/173/0001-01" ] }, { "cite": "102 Wash. 2d 581", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Wash. 2d", "case_ids": [ 1137185 ], "weight": 6, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "600" }, { "page": "601-02" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/wash-2d/102/0581-01" ] }, { "cite": "689 P.2d 368", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.2d", "weight": 6, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "380" }, { "page": "380-81" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "514 F. 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Rev.", "weight": 3, "year": 1987, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "959-61" }, { "page": "965-66", "parenthetical": "imposition of liability under this approach requires a substantial reduction in the degree of proof traditionally required, and thus threatens over-deterrence and inequity" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "30 Cath. U.L. Rev. 551", "category": "journals:journal", "reporter": "Cath. U. L. 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L. Rev. 1623", "category": "journals:journal", "reporter": "Vand. L. Rev.", "weight": 6, "year": 1981, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "1628-29" }, { "page": "1643-44" }, { "page": "1657", "parenthetical": "\"The legal fees and administrative costs arising from litigation of this magnitude easily could rival the cost of the plaintiff's judgment\"" }, { "page": "1645-47", "parenthetical": "Sindell rule inherently distorts defendant's liability" }, { "page": "1654", "parenthetical": "adoption of a market share theory will dramatically increase liability exposure and it may discourage development of new products" }, { "page": "1657", "parenthetical": "market share liability may result in over-deterrence" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "351 Pa. Super. 264", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Pa. 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Supp.", "case_ids": [ 3525841 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f-supp/345/0353-01" ] }, { "cite": "33 Cal. 2d 80", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Cal. 2d", "case_ids": [ 4395205 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/cal-2d/33/0080-01" ] }, { "cite": "199 P.2d 1", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.2d", "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "400 Ill. 38", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill.", "case_ids": [ 5306160 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "52" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill/400/0038-01" ] }, { "cite": "116 Wis. 2d 166", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Wis. 2d", "case_ids": [ 8674791 ], "weight": 14, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "48-49" }, { "page": "189" }, { "page": "48" }, { "page": "191-92" }, { "page": "49" }, { "page": "183-88" }, { "page": "46-48" }, { "page": "192-93" }, { "page": "49-50" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/wis-2d/116/0166-01" ] }, { "cite": "676 S.W.2d 241", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.W.2d", "case_ids": [ 9934459 ], "weight": 5, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "246" }, { "page": "247" }, { "page": "247", "parenthetical": "there are legitimate concerns that market share liability \"will discourage desired pharmaceutical research and development while adding little incentive to production of safe products\"" }, { "page": "247", "parenthetical": "theory adds little incentive for production of safe products" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/sw2d/676/0241-01" ] }, { "cite": "73 N.Y.2d 487", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.Y.2d", "case_ids": [ 4411771 ], "weight": 9, "year": 1984, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "508" }, { "page": "511" }, { "page": "511" }, { "page": "512" }, { "page": "512" }, { "page": "512" }, { "page": "506-07" }, { "page": "512" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ny-2d/73/0487-01" ] }, { "cite": "539 N.E.2d 1069", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "weight": 9, "year": 1984, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "1076" }, { "page": "1077-78" }, { "page": "1077-78" }, { "page": "1078" }, { "page": "1078" }, { "page": "1078" }, { "page": "1074-75" }, { "page": "1078" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "541 N.Y.S.2d 941", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.Y.S.2d", "weight": 9, "year": 1984, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "948" }, { "page": "949-50" }, { "page": "949-50" }, { "page": "950" }, { "page": "950" }, { "page": "950", "parenthetical": "realizing that liability will not, over the run of cases, approximate causation" }, { "page": "946-47" }, { "page": "950" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "418 Mich. 311", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Mich.", "case_ids": [ 1971483 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/mich/418/0311-01" ] }, { "cite": "343 N.W.2d 164", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.W.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "44 Cal. 3d 1049", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Cal. 3d", "case_ids": [ 4537114 ], "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "1075" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/cal-3d/44/1049-01" ] }, { "cite": "751 P.2d 470", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.2d", "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "487" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "245 Cal. Rptr. 412", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Cal. Rptr.", "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "428" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "564 F. Supp. 265", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F. Supp.", "case_ids": [ 136045 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "270-71" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f-supp/564/0265-01" ] }, { "cite": "46 Fordham L. Rev. 963", "category": "journals:journal", "reporter": "Fordham L. Rev.", "year": 1978, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "995-96" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "88 W. Va. L. Rev. 81", "category": "journals:journal", "reporter": "W. Va. L. Rev.", "weight": 3, "year": 1985, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "88-91" }, { "page": "99-101", "parenthetical": "litigation costs will increase, there is a risk of overwhelming the jurors with evidence, and the Sindell mini-trial is transformed into a maxi-trial on a plethora of issues" }, { "page": "103-04" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "107 Wash. 2d 584", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Wash. 2d", "case_ids": [ 1192506 ], "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "592" }, { "page": "597" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/wash-2d/107/0584-01" ] }, { "cite": "733 P.2d 507", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.2d", "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "512" }, { "page": "514", "parenthetical": "in order to inhibit defendants from randomly impleading insolvent corporations to reduce their share of presumptive liability, defendants are required to establish the actual market share of impleaded defendants" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "617 F. Supp. 1521", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F. Supp.", "case_ids": [ 3794681 ], "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "1527" }, { "page": "1528" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f-supp/617/1521-01" ] }, { "cite": "386 Mass. 540", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Mass.", "case_ids": [ 906571 ], "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "574" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/mass/386/0540-01" ] }, { "cite": "437 N.E.2d 171", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "189-90" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "55 Miss. L.J. 195", "category": "journals:journal", "reporter": "Miss. L.J.", "year": 1985, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "210" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "116 N.J. 155", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.J.", "case_ids": [ 298330 ], "weight": 4, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "197" }, { "page": "158" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nj/116/0155-01" ] }, { "cite": "561 A.2d 511", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "A.2d", "weight": 4, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "532" }, { "page": "512" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "25 Tort & Ins. L.J. 150", "category": "journals:journal", "reporter": "Tort & Ins. L.J.", "year": 1989, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "386 N.W.2d 67", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.W.2d", "case_ids": [ 10656065 ], "weight": 5, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "75" }, { "page": "76" }, { "page": "76" }, { "page": "76" }, { "page": "76" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nw2d/386/0067-01" ] }, { "cite": "851 F.2d 418", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F.2d", "case_ids": [ 5660713, 11345822 ], "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "424" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/us-app-dc/271/0163-01", "/f2d/851/0418-01" ] }, { "cite": "526 F. Supp. 589", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F. Supp.", "case_ids": [ 5629998 ], "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "596" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f-supp/526/0589-01" ] }, { "cite": "538 F. Supp. 593", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F. Supp.", "case_ids": [ 5669173 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "599" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f-supp/538/0593-01" ] }, { "cite": "532 F. Supp. 637", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F. Supp.", "case_ids": [ 5649841 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "639" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f-supp/532/0637-01" ] }, { "cite": "696 F.2d 984", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F.2d", "year": 1981, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "175 N.J. 551", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.J.", "case_ids": [ 1010149 ], "year": 1981, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nj/175/0551-01" ] }, { "cite": "420 A.2d 1305", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "A.2d", "year": 1981, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "305 Or. 256", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Or.", "case_ids": [ 2207174 ], "weight": 3, "year": 1988, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "271" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/or/305/0256-01" ] }, { "cite": "861 F.2d 1515", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F.2d", "case_ids": [ 10538589 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f2d/861/1515-01" ] }, { "cite": "696 F. Supp. 351", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F. Supp.", "case_ids": [ 7398871 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f-supp/696/0351-01" ] }, { "cite": "648 F. Supp. 964", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F. Supp.", "case_ids": [ 3921350 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f-supp/648/0964-01" ] }, { "cite": "144 Cal. App. 3d 583", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Cal. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 2103799 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/cal-app-3d/144/0583-01" ] }, { "cite": "192 Cal. Rptr. 870", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Cal. Rptr.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "667 F. Supp. 1332", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F. Supp.", "case_ids": [ 5738704 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f-supp/667/1332-01" ] }, { "cite": "33 Ohio St. 3d 40", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ohio St. 3d", "case_ids": [ 1828830 ], "weight": 3, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "50" }, { "page": "51" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ohio-st-3d/33/0040-01" ] }, { "cite": "514 N.E.2d 691", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "weight": 3, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "700" }, { "page": "701" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "743 P.2d 1062", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.2d", "case_ids": [ 10406234 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "1067" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/p2d/743/1062-01" ] }, { "cite": "200 Cal. App. 3d 250", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Cal. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 4433170 ], "year": 1986, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/cal-app-3d/200/0250-01" ] }, { "cite": "246 Cal. Rptr. 32", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Cal. Rptr.", "year": 1986, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "517 A.2d 690", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "A.2d", "case_ids": [ 7937052 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "694" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/a2d/517/0690-01" ] }, { "cite": "781 F.2d 1132", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F.2d", "case_ids": [ 1536132 ], "year": 1983, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f2d/781/1132-01" ] }, { "cite": "714 F.2d 581", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F.2d", "case_ids": [ 1886521 ], "year": 1987, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f2d/714/0581-01" ] }, { "cite": "651 F. Supp. 389", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F. Supp.", "case_ids": [ 3953295 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "393" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f-supp/651/0389-01" ] }, { "cite": "533 F. Supp. 183", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "F. Supp.", "case_ids": [ 5653611 ], "year": 1985, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/f-supp/533/0183-01" ] }, { "cite": "344 Pa. Super. 9", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Pa. Super.", "case_ids": [ 637024 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/pa-super/344/0009-01" ] }, { "cite": "405 N.W.2d 428", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.W.2d", "case_ids": [ 11948427 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nw2d/405/0428-01" ] }, { "cite": "76 Nw. U.L. Rev. 300", "category": "journals:journal", "reporter": "Nw. U. L. Rev.", "weight": 4, "year": 1981, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "323-26" }, { "page": "307-12" }, { "page": "321-23", "parenthetical": "increasing liability has prompted insurers to dramatically increase premiums and they are reluctant to insure particularly risky industries; this in turn has resulted in higher prices" }, { "page": "328", "parenthetical": "it is an unfair system to impose liability solely due to ability to pay and subsequently spread the costs" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "65 Marq. L. Rev. 609", "category": "journals:journal", "reporter": "Marq. L. Rev.", "year": 1982, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "632-33", "parenthetical": "arguing further that the theory exposes defendants to double liability, first to plaintiffs who can identify them as the causal party, and again to plaintiffs who cannot" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "83 Ill. 2d 388", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5472743 ], "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "394" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/83/0388-01" ] }, { "cite": "114 Ill. 2d 232", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5542808 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "239" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/114/0232-01" ] }, { "cite": "687 Ins. L.J. 185", "category": "reporters:specialty", "reporter": "Ins. L.J.", "weight": 3, "year": 1980, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "194" }, { "page": "195", "parenthetical": "it is an unsound principle to impose liability based on the perceived wealth of defendant and its ability to obtain insurance" }, { "page": "194-97" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "18 Ill. 2d 48", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5329761 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "60" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/18/0048-01" ] }, { "cite": "103 Harv. L. Rev. 773", "category": "journals:journal", "reporter": "Harv. L. Rev.", "year": 1990, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "79 Ill. 2d 26", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 3070163 ], "weight": 3, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "37" }, { "page": "37" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/79/0026-01" ] }, { "cite": "1982 U. Ill. L. Rev. 1003", "category": "journals:journal", "reporter": "U. Ill. L. Rev.", "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "1021", "parenthetical": "adoption of market share liability may lead to assessing damages based only on wrongful conduct" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "69 Yale L.J. 1099", "category": "journals:journal", "reporter": "Yale L.J.", "year": 1960, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "1119" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "68 Va. L. Rev. 713", "category": "journals:journal", "reporter": "Va. L. Rev.", "weight": 2, "year": 1982, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "741" }, { "page": "755", "parenthetical": "damages imposed under market share liability will equal the risks created" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "40 U. Miami L. Rev. 857", "category": "journals:journal", "reporter": "U. Miami L. Rev.", "year": 1986, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "867-70" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "68 Va. L. Rev 713", "category": "journals:journal", "reporter": "Va. L. Rev.", "year": 1982, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "734-35", "parenthetical": "this reason is scarcely dispositive in determining whether to shift the burden" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "67 Ill. 2d 348", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5813471 ], "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "358" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/67/0348-01" ] }, { "cite": "117 Ill. 2d 507", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5545405 ], "weight": 3, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "528", "parenthetical": "Renslow represents a \"limited area of transferred negligence\"" }, { "page": "519-21", "parenthetical": "duty does not extend to unknown and unforeseeable non-users of drug company's products" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/117/0507-01" ] }, { "cite": "125 Ill. 2d 203", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5554811 ], "year": 1974, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "215" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/125/0203-01" ] }, { "cite": "56 Ill. 2d 372", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5403562 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "374" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/56/0372-01" ] }, { "cite": "66 Ill. 2d 103", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5463476 ], "year": 1928, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "108-09" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/66/0103-01" ] }, { "cite": "248 N.Y. 339", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.Y.", "case_ids": [ 1905144 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "341" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ny/248/0339-01" ] }, { "cite": "162 N.E. 99", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.", "pin_cites": [ { "page": "101" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "131 Ill. 2d 428", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5569862 ], "year": 1988, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "442-43" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/131/0428-01" ] }, { "cite": "125 Ill. 2d 267", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5554780 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "277" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/125/0267-01" ] }, { "cite": "97 Ill. 2d 104", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5516573 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "111" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/97/0104-01" ] }, { "cite": "26 Cal. 3d 588", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Cal. 3d", "case_ids": [ 2263750 ], "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "611-13" }, { "page": "611" } ], "opinion_index": 1, "case_paths": [ "/cal-3d/26/0588-01" ] }, { "cite": "607 P.2d 924", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "P.2d", "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "936-37" }, { "page": "936" } ], "opinion_index": 1 }, { "cite": "163 Cal. Rptr. 132", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Cal. 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