{ "id": 2649250, "name": "The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Labe C. Pearson, Defendant-Appellant; The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Philip S. Aimen, Defendant-Appellant", "name_abbreviation": "Peope v. Pearson", "decision_date": "1968-08-14", "docket_number": "Gen. Nos. 51,658, 51,659", "first_page": "203", "last_page": "212", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "98 Ill. App. 2d 203" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "Ill. App. Ct.", "id": 8837, "name": "Illinois Appellate Court" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 29, "name_long": "Illinois", "name": "Ill." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "106 NE2d 333", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "412 Ill 294", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill.", "case_ids": [ 2665432 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "298" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill/412/0294-01" ] }, { "cite": "131 NE2d 803", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "8 Ill App2d 428", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5151054 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "437" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-2d/8/0428-01" ] }, { "cite": "370 US 230", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "U.S.", "case_ids": [ 6166710 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "236" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/us/370/0230-01" ] }, { "cite": "176 NE 292", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "344 Ill 107", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill.", "case_ids": [ 5259513 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "119" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill/344/0107-01" ] }, { "cite": "225 NE2d 119", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "80 Ill App2d 117", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 2d", "case_ids": [ 2562017, 2563066 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "123" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-2d/80/0117-01", "/ill-app-2d/80/0117-02" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 753, "char_count": 14982, "ocr_confidence": 0.608, "pagerank": { "raw": 1.8107010462188066e-07, "percentile": 0.7177406868122427 }, "sha256": "3fd08da00aecf51478f6676b44015c5d05798a1d61e8690675bdf17c62568eb8", "simhash": "1:32f6c24873369cf0", "word_count": 2486 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T20:27:49.397892+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [], "parties": [ "The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Labe C. Pearson, Defendant-Appellant. The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Philip S. Aimen, Defendant-Appellant." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "MR. JUSTICE ENGLISH\ndelivered the opinion of the court.\nCrimes Charged\nPearson was charged with the offense of perjury, the complaint alleging that he had falsely stated his \u201clegal address\u201d on an application for certificate of title to a 1965 Pontiac automobile.\nIn ancillary proceedings, Aimen, attorney for Pearson, was cited for direct criminal contempt of court.\nJudgments\nAfter a bench trial, Pearson was found guilty and sentenced to six months in jail and to pay court costs of $100. Aimen was fined $200.\nEvidence as to Pearson\nEdwa/rd B. Jones and John C. Kilcus, for the State.\nThey were both corporals in the investigation department of the Secretary of State, and in that capacity were assigned by their Chief to investigate two addresses of defendant Pearson. The investigation culminated in the arrest of Pearson for violating section 4-103 (d) of the Motor Vehicle Act. The testimony of the two men was in substantial agreement.\nPearson had listed 1816 Darrow Avenue, Evanston as his \u201cresidence address\u201d on a driver\u2019s license application and 51 Linden Avenue, Glencoe as his \u201clegal address\u201d on an application for a certificate of title to a 1965 Pontiac automobile. The investigation disclosed that Pearson resided at the Evanston address and was employed at the Glencoe address where, in the absence of the owner, he was manager of a Shell Oil Service Station.\nIn addition, Jones testified that he did not know what Pearson\u2019s state of mind was when he signed the application for the certificate of title, and that it would not have made any difference had he known that defendant had been using the Service Station as his mailing address. Jones reported the results of his investigation to the Secretary\u2019s attorneys and they determined that Pearson had listed the Glencoe address \u201cwith fraudulent intent to hide his true place of residence.\u201d The warrant for defendant\u2019s arrest was issued prior to any conversation between defendant and the investigators.\nLabe C. Pearson, defendant.\nHe had used the Shell Service Station as his mailing address in many business dealings over a period of some fifteen years. However, he did receive some mail at his place of residence. He would list his residence address or place of employment, depending on what information was requested. He always had used his Evanston residence address on driver\u2019s license applications for a period of ten years. In purchasing and obtaining a certificate of title in 1962 for a 1961 Chevrolet, he had used his business location as his \u201clegal address,\u201d and no question had been raised. The same was true as to license plate applications.\nHe testified that he could read some things but not everything. He took a written examination for a driver\u2019s license and it had been issued to him. Whenever he had been asked by the Secretary of State or any governmental body for his place of residence, he had given his Evanston address.\nHe did not know exactly what \u201clegal address\u201d meant. He though it meant \u201cwhere you get your mail.\u201d\nExhibits\nPhotographs depicting Pearson\u2019s Glencoe address as a Shell Service Station, and depicting a house at the Evans-ton address.\nPearson\u2019s driver\u2019s licenses, listing the Evanston address, and a driver\u2019s license application form indicating that the person using the form should list his \u201cresidence address.\u201d\nPearson\u2019s application forms for a certificate of title and for a state license to a 1965 Pontiac automobile. Both forms showed the Glencoe address filled in at the blank marked, \u201clegal address.\u201d Both forms bore defendant\u2019s signature and another signature over the line labeled, \u201cnotary public.\u201d\nPearson\u2019s bank statement and printed bank checks, and various business letters addressed to him, all bearing the Glencoe address.\nTwo retail installment contracts entered into by Pearson for the purchase in 1962 of a 1961 Chrevrolet automobile and for the purchase in 1966 of a 1965 Pontiac automobile. Each showed as Pearson\u2019s address the address of his place of employment.\nOpinion as to Pearson\nTwo questions based on elements of the crime of perjury are pertinent to the disposition of this case:\n(1) Did Pearson make a \u201cfalse statement\u201d in his application for certificate of title when he listed his place of business as his \u201clegal address ? \u201d\n(2) When Pearson made such statement, did he not believe it to be true ?\nAs to both of these elements it must be remembered that proof beyond a reasonable doubt is required to sustain a conviction.\nOur conclusion is that the evidence is clearly insufficient to answer either question in the affirmative, and the conviction must therefore be reversed. As a matter of fact, it completely surpasses our understanding how, on this evidence, the Secretary of State could have initiated prosecution of the defendant for violation of the Motor Vehicle Act (footnote 2, above); how the State\u2019s Attorney could have elected to proceed with the case, but on a perjury complaint (footnote 1, above); and, finally, how the court could have found defendant guilty of perjury.\nThe only semblance of a reason we can find for the whole proceeding is that the address given by Pearson on his automobile title application differed from that on his driver\u2019s license application. But if, in this regard, the Secretary of State had wanted consistent answers, he surely would have asked consistent questions. The information as to \u201cresidence address\u201d on one form (furnished by the Secretary of State) was conceded to have been properly supplied by defendant. The other form (also furnished by the Secretary of State), called for \u201clegal address,\u201d and this difference could reasonably have led one to believe that something other than \u201cresidence address\u201d was being sought or the same terminology would have been used. Defendant testified that he didn\u2019t know exactly what \u201clegal address\u201d meant. Nor do we. Webster\u2019s Third New International Dictionary defines \u201caddress\u201d as: \u201cthe designation of a place (as a residence or place of business) where a person or organization may be found or communicated with.\u201d Thus it would appear that a \u201clegal address\u201d could be sensibly interpreted as either \u201ca residence or place of business.\u201d Criminality may not be found when a layman attaches the ordinary dictionary meaning to words employed by a State official on forms issued for use by the public. In the complete absence of direct proof showing an intention to falsify, the insertion by defendant of his business address (as he had previously done without question on other title and license applications) does not justify any inference of falsehood, but, rather, furnishes only a preposterous basis for perjury prosecution.\nEvidence as to Aimen\nAt the conclusion of the Pearson trial, the court entered the following contempt order against Aimen, Pearson\u2019s attorney:\nNow in the name and by authority of the People of the State of Illinois, the Respondent, PHILIP S. AIMEN being present in his own proper person, the matter against said Respondent of alleged direct contempt of this Court is considered by the Court.\nAND THEREUPON THE COURT FINDS AS FOLLOWS:\n1. That on February 15, 1966 in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Third Municipal District, Niles Branch in the case of the People vs. Labe C. Pearson, Complaint No. 66 MC3-53918, Perjury, came on to be heard in the regular course before the Court.\n2. That during the course of said case the Respondent, PHILIP S. AIMEN appeared as counsel for defendant, Labe C. Pearson.\n3. That during the course of said case, Respondent stated that the prejudice of the Court was apparent. Thereupon, the Court interrupted proceedings to inform Respondent that he was contemptuous of the Court and that the Court would consider this matter after the conclusion of the case on trial.\n4. That during the hearing of the case the Respondent ignored the Court\u2019s instructions in that he repeatedly asked questions to which the Court had previously sustained objections; whereupon, Respondent would again argue with the Court. Thereafter, when another ruling was made on the same question, Respondent would continue arguing with the ruling of the Court, during which Respondent repeatedly interrupted the Court and opposing Counsel. Respondent also made unfounded remarks castigating opposing Counsel.\n5. That the conduct of the Respondent, PHILIP S. AIMEN, which conduct of said Respondent took place while this Court was in open session, tended to impede and interrupt the proceedings and lessen the dignity of this Court; and further tended to embarrass and obstruct the Court in the administration of justice, bringing the administration of the law into disrespect and disregard.\nTHE COURT FURTHER FINDS that Respondent who is now and here present in Open Court is, by reason of said contempt of said Respondent guilty of direct contempt of this Court in open Court.\nIT IS THEREFORE ORDERED, CONSIDERED AND ADJUDGED, that Respondent, PHILIP S. AIMEN because of said contempt as aforesaid, be and he is hereby fined $200.00 (Two Hundred Dollars).\nIn determining the correctness of this order we shall, as urged by the State, consider the record presented for review as well as the order itself. In re Dunagan, 80 Ill App2d 117, 123, 225 NE2d 119, and cases there cited.\nThe charges against Aimen, as set forth in the above order, are to be found only in paragraphs 3 and 4. Paragraph 4 is lacking in specific allegations of fact and, in a thorough search of the record, we have been unable to find anything of a contemptuous character to support the accusations contained in this paragraph. Our attention will therefore be directed to paragraph 3 exclusively.\nThe charge that during the trial Aimen had \u201cstated that the prejudice of the Court was apparent\u201d is supported in the record by his comment to the judge: \u201cI think your bias is showing.\u201d This is not a proper statement for him to have made, and he should be ashamed of having made it, but we do not consider it an adequate basis for a contempt conviction. We do not mean to be holding that provocation by the court may, in itself, be a defense to a contempt action, nor that contemptuous conduct directed at a court\u2019s rulings is excusable merely because the court may have been in error. Nevertheless, we do believe that these factors may be taken into account in ascertaining the state of mind of an alleged contemnor. As noted in People v. Rongetti, 344 Ill 107, 119, 176 NE 292, it was \u201capparent that the attitude of the trial court toward plaintiff in error all through the Rongetti trial and the proceedings for contempt against him was one of hostility. . . . plaintiff in error was given considerable provocation by the court by his actions and rulings and stinging remarks . . . .\u201d\nFrom the outset of the instant case, counsel for the defendant was presented with one surprising situation after another, culminating in the conviction which we now set aside, and for which the State\u2019s Attorney recommended as penalty a fine of $1,000 and a year in jail. Commencing with the first witness, the court shut off Aimen\u2019s questions (which we consider to have been proper ones) characterizing them as \u201cridiculous\u201d; general objections of the State\u2019s Attorney (in the form of \u201cI object\u201d) were frequently and consistently sustained without any specification of grounds even when requested by Aimen; **8 on occasions, the court foreclosed answers to Aimen\u2019s questioning without there having been any objection by the State\u2019s Attorney. The general atmosphere of the trial was so strained and heated that at one point the court said to Aimen, \u201cI don\u2019t want you to have a heart attack.\u201d\nUnder all the circumstances, and especially in light of the difficulties Aimen encountered in seeking to defend his client, we feel that his conduct throughout the trial, while not exemplary, was not shown to have been more than a lawyer\u2019s strenuous and persistent presentation of his client\u2019s case, and we therefore cannot bring ourselves to affirm the contempt conviction. See In re McConnell, 370 US 230, 236. Furthermore, we do not consider his comment about bias, made in the heat of battle, to have been \u201ccalculated to embarrass, hinder or obstruct a court in the administration of justice.\u201d (Emphasis supplied.) People v. White, 8 Ill App2d 428, 437, 131 NE2d 803; People v. Gholson, 412 Ill 294, 298, 106 NE2d 333.\nDecision\nThe convictions of both Pearson and Aimen are reversed.\nReversed.\nMcCORMICK, P. J. and DRUCKER, J., concur.\nIll Rev Stats (1965), c 38, \u00a7 32-2(a).\nA person commits perjury when, under oath or affirmation, in a proceeding or in any other matter where by law such oath or affirmation is required, he makes a false statement, material to the issue or point in question, which he does not believe to be true.\nIll Rev Stats (1965), c 95%, \u00a7 4-103.\nIt shall be a violation of this chapter for a person who: . . . (d) With fraudulent intent uses a false or fictitious name or address, or makes a material false statement, or fails to disclose a security interest, or conceals any other material fact, in an application for a certificate of title, ....\nThe trial judge felt he knew with certainty. At the close of the evidence, just before finding defendant guilty, he said:\nFrom the evidence, it seems extremely clear that the defendant has not complied with the law. The matter of legal address, legal residence, legal anything, I am convinced, is a satisfactory one for everyone to know, that the State\u2019s Attorney [Secretary of State?] wants to know where you live. If you want to adopt the argument adduced by counsel, every sewer digger could give the address of the sewer that is his place of operation, every gas pumper could give where he pumps gas. In this particular case the man has a residence.\nThis had been his customary mailing address for fifteen years, and one at which he could readily have been located by the Secretary of State \u2014 as, indeed, he was.\nDefendant argues in his brief that there must be hundreds of thousands of automobile titles which show an address other than that of the owner\u2019s residence. While this may well be true, there is no evidence in the record to support such a statement and we place no reliance thereon.\nAs a typical example, one of the court\u2019s responses was, \u201cSome day we can sit down and I will explain, but we are not going to take all these people\u2019s time.\u201d", "type": "majority", "author": "MR. JUSTICE ENGLISH" } ], "attorneys": [ "Philip S. Aimen, of Chicago, for Labe C. Pearson, and Robert Schey, of Chicago, for Philip S. Aimen, appellants.", "John J. Stamos, State\u2019s Attorney of Cook County, of Chicago (Elmer C. Kissane, Arthur Zimmerman, and Allison W. Davidson, Assistant State\u2019s Attorneys, of counsel), for appellee." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Labe C. Pearson, Defendant-Appellant. The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Philip S. Aimen, Defendant-Appellant.\nGen. Nos. 51,658, 51,659. (Consolidated.)\nFirst District, Fourth Division.\nAugust 14,1968.\nPhilip S. Aimen, of Chicago, for Labe C. Pearson, and Robert Schey, of Chicago, for Philip S. Aimen, appellants.\nJohn J. Stamos, State\u2019s Attorney of Cook County, of Chicago (Elmer C. Kissane, Arthur Zimmerman, and Allison W. Davidson, Assistant State\u2019s Attorneys, of counsel), for appellee.\nSee Callaghan\u2019s Illinois Digest, same topic and section number." }, "file_name": "0203-01", "first_page_order": 209, "last_page_order": 218 }