{ "id": 5347477, "name": "The People of the State of Illinois (City of Chicago), Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Felipe Claudio, Defendant-Appellant", "name_abbreviation": "People v. Claudio", "decision_date": "1973-07-09", "docket_number": "Nos. 57283, 57284 cons.", "first_page": "537", "last_page": "543", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "13 Ill. App. 3d 537" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "Ill. App. Ct.", "id": 8837, "name": "Illinois Appellate Court" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 29, "name_long": "Illinois", "name": "Ill." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "294 N.E.2d 269", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "53 Ill.2d 585", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 2925142 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/53/0585-01" ] }, { "cite": "363 U.S. 815", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "U.S.", "case_ids": [ 6176745, 6176620, 6176108, 6175950, 6176367, 6176497, 6176220 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/us/363/0815-07", "/us/363/0815-06", "/us/363/0815-02", "/us/363/0815-01", "/us/363/0815-04", "/us/363/0815-05", "/us/363/0815-03" ] }, { "cite": "18 Ill.2d 272", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5327980 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/18/0272-01" ] }, { "cite": "317 U.S. 694", "category": "reporters:federal", "reporter": "U.S.", "case_ids": [ 303875, 304301, 304015, 303832, 304121, 304350 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/us/317/0694-04", "/us/317/0694-03", "/us/317/0694-05", "/us/317/0694-06", "/us/317/0694-01", "/us/317/0694-02" ] }, { "cite": "380 Ill. 107", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill.", "case_ids": [ 2553632 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill/380/0107-01" ] }, { "cite": "40 Ill.2d 4", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 2857846 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/40/0004-01" ] }, { "cite": "296 N.E.2d 44", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "pin_cites": [ { "page": "46" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "11 Ill.App.3d 142", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 2936471 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "145" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/11/0142-01" ] }, { "cite": "278 N.E.2d 521", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "3 Ill.App.3d 290", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 2840510 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/3/0290-01" ] }, { "cite": "2 Ill.App.3d, 715", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "276 N.E.2d 772", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "2 Ill.App.3d 712", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 2751366 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/2/0712-01" ] }, { "cite": "221 N.E.2d 159", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "75 Ill.App.2d 290", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 2d", "case_ids": [ 2578464 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-2d/75/0290-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 574, "char_count": 13070, "ocr_confidence": 0.758, "pagerank": { "raw": 2.8801510635255887e-07, "percentile": 0.8434881724764648 }, "sha256": "9ccbc01aa2df5167cfb247cd73970d0026bd6303300bca4591ec1068e70924d7", "simhash": "1:ab1ae7d8b5ac0db5", "word_count": 2230 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T21:56:28.394088+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [], "parties": [ "The People of the State of Illinois (City of Chicago), Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Felipe Claudio, Defendant-Appellant." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "Mr. PRESIDING JUSTICE BURKE\ndelivered the opinion of the court:\nThe defendant, Felipe Claudio, was found guilty at a bench trial of resisting arrest in violation of section 33 of chapter 11 of the Municipal Code of the City of Chicago and fined the sum of $45. He also was found guilty of the offense of battery. (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1971, ch. 38, par. 12 \u2014 3.) The defendant\u2019s application for probation was allowed and he was released for one year to the chief probation officer on condition that the defendant serve the first thirty days in the House of Correction.\nThere were two records filed in the appellate court. Appellate Court No. 57283 pertains to the appeal from a judgment finding the defendant guilty of resisting arrest in violation of section 33 of chapter 11 of the Municipal Code of the City of Chicago. Appellate Court No. 57284 pertains to the appeal by the defendant from a judgment finding him guilty of the offense of battery in violation of section 12 \u2014 3 of the Criminal Code of Illinois.\nThe evidence discloses that on December 31, 1971, the defendant was causing a disturbance in front of 1318 North Spaulding Avenue, Chicago,; Illinois. Police Officer Joseph Terracina attempted to arrest the defendant? The defendant resisted and they started struggling and both f\u00e9ll to-the ground. Police Officers Fred Mascarella and Carl Veller c\u00e1me to\" the assistance of Terracina. In attempting to place the defendant in their squad car, the defendant kicked both Mascarella and Veller.\nThe defendant contends (1) that because the State, rather than the City of Chicago, prosecuted the complaint for resisting arrest in violation of section 33 of chapter 11 of the Municipal Code of the City of Chicago, the defendant\u2019s conviction is a nullity; and (2) that the State\u2019s failure to prove the material allegation of bodily harm contained in the battery complaint is fatal to the conviction of the defendant.\nThe defendant argues that the Assistant State\u2019s Attorney, rather than the Corporation Counsel, conducted the hearing for the City of Chicago in Appellate Court No. 57283 and, therefore, the conviction for resisting arrest is a nullity. The State argues that it was not error for the Assistant State\u2019s Attorney to prosecute the City violation and, further, the appeal on the ordinance violation should be dismissed because the defendant failed to serve a notice of appeal on the City of Chicago. Similar arguments were presented in the case of People v. Wright, 75 Ill.App.2d 290, 221 N.E.2d 159, and the court held that \u201cthe Assistant State\u2019s Attorney was not acting for the State\u2019s Attorney when he undertook to prosecute the case for the City\u201d; that \u201cnotice to the State\u2019s Attorney therefore cannot be considered notice to the City\u201d; and that \u201cfailure of defendants to designate in their Notice of Appeal the City of Chicago as appellee and the failure to give notice to the city was therefore fatal to their appeals on that point.\u201d\nRule 303(d) of the Illinois Supreme Court (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1971, ch. 110A, par. 303) provides that the party filing a notice of appeal shall serve a copy \u201cupon every other party and upon any other person or officer entitled by law to notice of the appeal.\u201d The City of Chicago, the plaintiff in Appellate Court No. 57283, comes within the provisions of Rule 303(d) and defendant\u2019s failure to serve it with a copy of the notice of appeal requires that the appeal in Appellate Court No. 57283 be and it is dismissed.\nThe defendant relies upon the case of City of O\u2019Fallon v. Reynolds, 2 Ill.App.3d 712, 276 N.E.2d 772. However, the Reynolds case held (2 Ill.App.3d, 715-16) that a municipality cannot be a proper party plaintiff in the prosecution of a violation of a State statute. That is not the situation in the case at bar. Here the City of Chicago charged the defendant with a violation of a municipal ordinance and the complaint was filed in the name of the City of Chicago.\nThe defendant also argues that the State faffed to prove that police officer Mascarella suffered bodily harm as a result of the kicking by the defendant and, therefore, the battery conviction should be reversed. Officer Fred Mascarella testified that when he and his partner, officer Veller, got to 1318 North Spaulding Avenue, Chicago, police officer Joseph Terracina and the defendant were fighting on the ground; that Mascarella and Veller got out of the car and started to put the defendant under arrest; that they handcuffed him, but he did not want to get into the car; that he was kicking and fighting; and that the defendant kicked officer Carl Veller. Officer Mascarella also testified as follows:\n\u201cQ. Did he fight with you or kick you also, officer?\nA. I was also kicked.\nQ. Did you sustain any injuries being kicked, officer?\nA. No, sir, I did not.\nQ. You saw also Officer Veller being kicked, is that right?\nA. Yes, sir. He was kicking him in both legs all the way to the ?> car.\nOfficer Veller testified that he also was kicked several times in both legs by the defendant but that he did not sustain any injuries.\nThe record clearly shows that the defendant committed the offense of battery against the police officers and that he did kick officers Mascarella and Veller. It seems self-evident that the kicking of the police officers is in and of itself the causing of bodily harm and, therefore, the charge of battery against the defendant was proved beyond a reasonable doubt.\nIn People v. Snarich, 3 Ill.App.3d 290, 278 N.E.2d 521, the court held that in a bench trial it is the function of the trial court to determine the credibility of the witnesses and the weight to be given their testimony, and the court of review will not substitute its judgment in this regard unless the evidence is so improbable or unreasonable as to leave a reasonable doubt of the defendant\u2019s guilt.\nPeople v. Wright, 75 Ill.App.2d 290, 221 N.E.2d 159, relied upon by the defendant, is factually inapposite. There the evidence showed that the defendant, Herbert Wright, merely shoved the police officer and that there was no evidence proving that Wright kicked or otherwise caused bodily harm to the police officer. It was Irene Wright who started hitting and kicking the police officer. The court there held that the evidence on behalf of tire State showed that she started to hit and kick the officers when they were in the act of placing her husband under arrest; that her continued resistance necessitated carrying her out of the apartment and down the stairs and that this evidence was sufficient to support her conviction on the charge of resisting a police officer.\nIn People v. Garrett, 11 Ill.App.3d 142, 145, 296 N.E.2d 44, 46, the defendant challenged the sufficiency of the evidence as to the bodily harm inflicted. The court sustained the conviction, saying:\n\u201cAs to each of these contentions we are inclined to hold that there are questions of fact to be resolved by the trier of fact. It is neither the duty nor the privilege of a reviewing court to substitute its judgment as to the weight of the disputed evidence or the credibility of witnesses for that of the trier of fact who heard the evidence presented and observed the demeanor of the witnesses. (People v. Mills, 40 Ill.2d 4; People v. Orlando, 380 Ill. 107, cert. den. 317 U.S. 694.) We will not reverse a criminal conviction where the evidence is not so improbable as to raise a reasonable doubt of guilt. (People v. Ashley, 18 Ill.2d 272, cert.den. 363 U.S. 815). We do not find the evidence in this case to be so improbable as to raise a doubt as to the defendant\u2019s guilt.\u201d\nIn the case at bar there is sufficient evidence to sustain the judgment of the trial court in Appellate Court No. 57284.\nAs to defendant\u2019s appeal in Appellate Court No. 57284 People v. Claudio, we are of the opinion that provisions of the Unified Code of Corrections (Ill. Rev. Stat. (1972 Supp.), ch. 38, par. 1001 \u2014 1\u20141 et seq.) are applicable.\nThe new Unified Code of Corrections, par. 1005 \u2014 6\u20142(a) (Ill. Rev. Stat. (1972 Supp.), ch. 38, par. 1005 \u2014 6\u20142(a)) provides in relevant part:\n\u201c(a) When an offender is sentenced to probation or conditional discharge, the court shall impose a period under paragraph (b) of this Section, and shall specify the conditions under Section 5 \u2014 6\u20143.\u201d\nParagraph 1005 \u2014 6\u20143 (Ill. Rev. Stat. (1972 Supp.), ch. 38, par. 1005\u2014 6 \u2014 3) provides that as a condition of probation or conditional discharge the court may require a person to \u201cserve a term of periodic imprisonment under Article 7 for a period not to exceed 2 years or the maximum term of imprisonment provided for the offense, whichever is less.\u201d Ill. Rev. Stat. (1972 Supp.), ch. 38, par. 1005 \u2014 6\u20143(b)(1).\nThe Unified Code of Corrections specifies that the defendant be sentenced pursuant to article 7 of the Code in par. 1005 \u2014 6\u20143(d) wherein it states:\n\u201c(d) The court shall not require as a condition of the sentence of probation or conditional discharge that the offender be committed to a period of imprisonment except under Article 7.\u201d\nArticle 7 of the Unified Code of Corrections (Ill. Rev. Stat. (1972 Supp.), ch. 38, par. 1005 \u2014 7\u20141) provides in relevant part:\n\u201c\u00a7 5 \u2014 7\u20141. Sentence of Periodic Imprisonment.)\n(a) A sentence of periodic imprisonment is a sentence of imprisonment to be served on certain days or during certain periods of days, or both, specified by the court as part of the sentence.\n(b) A sentence of periodic imprisonment may be imposed to permit the defendant to:\n(1) seek employment;\n(2) work;\n(3) conduct a business or other self-employed occupation including housekeeping;\n(4) attend to family needs;\n(5) attend an educational institution, including vocational education;\n(6) obtain medical or psychological treatment; or\n(7) for any other purpose determined by the court.\nA defendant who receives a sentence of periodic imprisonment shall be incarcerated at such times as are specified in the sentence.\n(c) The court may impose a sentence of periodic imprisonment for a felony or misdemeanor on a person who is 17 years of age or older. The court shall not impose a sentence of periodic imprisonment if it imposes a sentence of imprisonment upon the defendant.\n(d) A sentence of periodic imprisonment may be for a term up to 2 years, or the longest sentence of imprisonment that could be imposed for the offense, whichever is less. The term of the sentence shall be calculated upon the basis of the duration of its term rather than upon the basis, of the actual days spent in confinement.\n(e) When the court imposes a sentence of periodic imprisonment, it shall state:\n(1) the term of such sentence;\n(2) the days or parts of days which the defendant is to be confined;\n(3) the conditions.\u201d\nIn the present case defendant Felipe Claudio, on January 10, 1972, was convicted and sentenced to a term of one year probation with the condition that the first 30 days be served in the House of Correction.\nThe Unified Code of Corrections became effective on January 1, 1973. As to retroactive effect of the Unified Code of Corrections Ill. Rev. Stat. (1972 Supp.), ch. 38, par. 1008 \u2014 2\u20144 provides:\n\u201c\u00a7 8 \u2014 2\u20144. Prosecutions Continued \u2014 Applicable Sentencing Provisions.)\nProsecution for any violation of law occurring prior to the effective date of this Act is not affected or abated by this Act. If the offense being prosecuted has not reached the sentencing stage or a final adjudication, then for purposes of sentencing the sentences under this Act apply if they are less than under the prior law upon which the prosecution was commenced.\u201d\nThe Illinois Supreme Court had an opportunity to construe par. 1008\u2014 2 \u2014 4 in People v. Harvey, 53 Ill.2d 585, 294 N.E.2d 269. The Supreme Court stated in Harvey that where the defendant\u2019s direct appeals from convictions were not finally adjudicated as of the effective date of the Unified Code of Corrections establishing minimum sentences, defendants could avail themselves of the statute, and upon affirmance, the cases would be remanded with directions to resentence defendant in accordance with the statute.\nWe are of the opinion that defendant may avail himself of the provisions of the Unified Code of Corrections because his direct appeal was not \u201cfinally adjudicated\u201d as of the effective date of the statute. We amend the judgment in the Appellate Court No. 57284 by striking therefrom the sentence of 30 days in the House of Correction. The judgment as amended in Appellate Court No. 57284, placing defendant on probation for one year, is affirmed.\nAppeal dismissed in No. 57283. Judgment amended in No. 57284 and affirmed as amended.\nGOLDBERG and EGAN, JJ., concur.", "type": "majority", "author": "Mr. PRESIDING JUSTICE BURKE" } ], "attorneys": [ "James J. Doherty, Public Defender, of Chicago, (Shelvin Singer, Assistant Public Defender, of counsel,) for appellant.", "Bernard Carey, State\u2019s Attorney, of Chicago, (Kenneth L. Gillis and Nicholas Motherway, Assistant State\u2019s Attorneys, of counsel,) for the People." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "The People of the State of Illinois (City of Chicago), Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Felipe Claudio, Defendant-Appellant.\n(Nos. 57283, 57284 cons.;\nFirst District (1st Division) \u2014\nJuly 9, 1973.\nJames J. Doherty, Public Defender, of Chicago, (Shelvin Singer, Assistant Public Defender, of counsel,) for appellant.\nBernard Carey, State\u2019s Attorney, of Chicago, (Kenneth L. Gillis and Nicholas Motherway, Assistant State\u2019s Attorneys, of counsel,) for the People." }, "file_name": "0537-01", "first_page_order": 559, "last_page_order": 565 }