{
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  "name": "The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Ronald Bauer, Defendant-Appellant",
  "name_abbreviation": "People v. Bauer",
  "decision_date": "1974-02-04",
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T16:47:04.631682+00:00",
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    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
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  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Ronald Bauer, Defendant-Appellant."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Mr. JUSTICE GUILD\ndelivered the opinion of the court:\nThis is an appeal from a post-conviction hearing. The record discloses that the evidence adduced at the post-conviction hearing pertained primarily to the contention of the defendant that his privately retained counsel had advised him that upon a plea of guilty to aggravated kidnapping he would receive a sentence of 7-15 years. His attorney testified and denied categorically any such statement was ever made to defendant. Post-conviction relief was denied.\nIn the appeal now before us the defendant has raised two issues not raised at the post-conviction hearing. The first is that he was not adequately admonished upon his plea of guilty as to the maximum sentence that might be imposed under Illinois Supreme Court Rule 401 (b) (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1971, ch. 110A, par. 401 (b)); and secondly, that at the original hearing on the entry of the plea of guilty the court did not determine the voluntariness of the plea.\nThe defendant, together with three other men, was indicted for the offenses of rape and aggravated kidnapping. The four men were represented by privately retained counsel and entered pleas of not guilty. Subsequently, pleas of guilty were entered to the charge of aggravated kidnapping and the other count charging rape was nolle prossed. The defendant was sentenced to a term in the State penitentiary of 10-25 years. It is to be noted that inasmuch as defendant was on probation for armed robbery at the time of the instant offense, his probation was revoked at the time of sentencing, and he was sentenced to a term of 2-10 years for the anned robbery, to be served concurrently.\nThe defendant herein originally appealed and the conviction was affirmed by this court in People v. Bauer (1969), 111 Ill.App.2d 211, 249 N.E.2d 859. In that case the defendant contended that the court erred in not explaining the possible consequences of his guilty plea. We stated, \u201cThe same issue of inadequate admonishment was brought before this court by a codefendant, and we there found, on the same record which is now before us, that the codefendant was adequately admonished as to the consequences of a guilty plea, and that the court\u2019s explanation of * * * the possible penalties which might be imposed was sufficient.\u201d Defendant appealed to the Supreme Court of the United States from this decision and certiorari was denied. (397 U.S. 1022, 25 L.Ed.2d 531, 90 S.Ct. 1260.) At first blush, it would appear that the issue now raised in this court, although not raised in the post-conviction hearing, was res judicata. However, defendant contends that our prior decision in the original case was rendered prior to People v. Terry (1969), 44 Ill.2d 38, 253 N.E.2d 383, which was pending in the Illinois Supreme Court at the time of the opinion of this court. We do not find that Terry, however, is controlling in any way. In Terry, the trial court stated that the punishment for burglary was an indeterminate sentence in the penitentiary and that the minimum sentence was not less than one year. The Illinois Supreme Court held that this was not a sufficient admonition. In further support of this contention, defendant has quoted the following from a decision of this court: People v. Ehrler (1972), 8 Ill. App.3d 912, 915, 290 N.E.2d 406, where we stated: \u201cWhile the use of the word \u2018indeterminate\u2019 in explaining a maximum sentence without more is insufficient * * Counsel however, fails to cite the remainder of the sentence, \u201cthe use of the term when it is further explained (here, by stating the maximum penalty of \u2018death\u2019 coupled with the statement of the minimum term \u2018of 14 years\u2019) does not require reversal.\u201d Examination of the record herein discloses that the admonishment as to the minimum and maximum sentence was clear and concise and not subject to misinterpretation. The court stated upon the acceptance of the plea of the defendant \u201cand on your plea of guilty the court might sentence you to the penitentiary for a period of years not less than one or the maximum number of years to be fixed by the court.\u201d The court then went on to mention that he could fix the sentence from one year to an indeterminate number of years. This court is unable to see how the defendant could possibly be misled as to the possible penalty where the court stated the minimum and the maximum. (See People v. Carter (1969), 107 Ill.App.2d 474, 477, 478, 246 N.E.2d 320; People v. Chatman, 56 Ill.2d 233, 306 N.E.2d 874.) The contention of the defendant raised for the first time in this court as to this issue, is without merit.\nThe defendant herein failed to raise the question of the voluntariness of the plea in the trial court, in the direct appeal, certiorari to the Supreme Court having been denied, he failed to raise the issue in the post-conviction proceeding, and for the first time has raised this question in this court. The Illinois Supreme Court in People v. James (1970), 46 Ill.2d 71, 74, 263 N.E.2d 5, stated:\n\u201cWe have heretofore consistently held that where a convicted person has appealed from the judgment of conviction, the judgment of the reviewing court makes res judicata all issues actually decided by that court and all issues which could have been presented to that court and which were not are considered to have been waived. [Citations.] While we have relaxed the operation of the waiver rule in cases where fundamental fairness so requires [citation], we see no reason to do so here, where the defendant has had a full opportunity to present the matter to an appellate tribunal but has nonetheless failed to do so and now seeks at this late date to raise the contention for the first time in this post-conviction proceeding.\u201d\nThere is nothing in the post-conviction record before us that requires a relaxation of that rule on the basis of fundamental fairness, in this, the fourth review of defendant\u2019s trial and conviction. Judgment affirmed.\nAffirmed.\nSEIDENFELD and T. MORAN, JJ., concur.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Mr. JUSTICE GUILD"
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Ralph Ruebner, Deputy Defender, of Elgin, for appellant.",
      "Philip G. Reinhard, State\u2019s Attorney, of Rockford (James W. Jerz, of Model District State\u2019s Attorneys Office, of counsel), for the People."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Ronald Bauer, Defendant-Appellant.\n(No. 72-245;\nSecond District\nFebruary 4, 1974.\nRalph Ruebner, Deputy Defender, of Elgin, for appellant.\nPhilip G. Reinhard, State\u2019s Attorney, of Rockford (James W. Jerz, of Model District State\u2019s Attorneys Office, of counsel), for the People."
  },
  "file_name": "0927-01",
  "first_page_order": 949,
  "last_page_order": 951
}