{ "id": 5785023, "name": "TIMOTHY BECK, a Minor, by his Mother and Next Friend, Linda Beck, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. HAROLD M. YATVIN et al., Defendants-Appellees (Ingalls Memorial Hospital, Defendant-Appellee)", "name_abbreviation": "Beck v. Yatvin", "decision_date": "1992-07-06", "docket_number": "Nos. 1-90-1508, 1-90-2190", "first_page": "1085", "last_page": "1090", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "235 Ill. App. 3d 1085" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "Ill. App. Ct.", "id": 8837, "name": "Illinois Appellate Court" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 29, "name_long": "Illinois", "name": "Ill." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "380 N.E.2d 782", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "72 Ill. 2d 161", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5443916 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/72/0161-01" ] }, { "cite": "428 N.E.2d 489", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1978, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "87 Ill. 2d 28", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 3030894 ], "year": 1978, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/87/0028-01" ] }, { "cite": "459 N.E.2d 966", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1981, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "99 Ill. 2d 382", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 3163879 ], "year": 1981, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/99/0382-01" ] }, { "cite": "396 N.E.2d 520", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "77 Ill. 2d 423", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5490156 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "428" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/77/0423-01" ] }, { "cite": "558 N.E.2d 304", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "200 Ill. App. 3d 581", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 2462369 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/200/0581-01" ] }, { "cite": "535 N.E.2d 27", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "179 Ill. App. 3d 961", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 2606441 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "966" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/179/0961-01" ] }, { "cite": "408 N.E.2d 204", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "81 Ill. 2d 260", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5481762 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/81/0260-01" ] }, { "cite": "319 N.E.2d 37", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1980, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "59 Ill. 2d 6", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 2958499 ], "year": 1980, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/59/0006-01" ] }, { "cite": "429 N.E.2d 492", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "87 Ill. 2d 42", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 3031017 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/87/0042-01" ] }, { "cite": "493 N.E.2d 6", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "143 Ill. App. 3d 479", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 5667015 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/143/0479-01" ] }, { "cite": "496 N.E.2d 500", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1986, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "145 Ill. App. 3d 1006", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 3535914 ], "year": 1986, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/145/1006-01" ] }, { "cite": "446 N.E.2d 1255", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1986, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "113 Ill. App. 3d 133", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 3626762 ], "year": 1986, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/113/0133-01" ] }, { "cite": "497 N.E.2d 474", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "146 Ill. App. 3d 740", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 3572172 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/146/0740-01" ] }, { "cite": "458 N.E.2d 173", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "120 Ill. App. 3d 550", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 3593829 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/120/0550-01" ] }, { "cite": "502 N.E.2d 428", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "150 Ill. App. 3d 840", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 3502508 ], "weight": 2, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/150/0840-01" ] }, { "cite": "491 N.E.2d 84", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1986, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "141 Ill. App. 3d 963", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 3495413 ], "year": 1986, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/141/0963-01" ] }, { "cite": "412 N.E.2d 624", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1986, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "89 Ill. App. 3d 890", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 5541569 ], "year": 1986, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/89/0890-01" ] }, { "cite": "437 N.E.2d 358", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "107 Ill. App. 3d 73", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 3024733 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/107/0073-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 658, "char_count": 12806, "ocr_confidence": 0.768, "pagerank": { "raw": 1.1779160119717158e-07, "percentile": 0.5879391037855874 }, "sha256": "2bebf06c549101c1fc2fbede75b6ad22a00273222ee8a0b0a39a295e698e2a68", "simhash": "1:2abf7ccc6de574da", "word_count": 2134 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T17:52:21.957372+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [], "parties": [ "TIMOTHY BECK, a Minor, by his Mother and Next Friend, Linda Beck, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. HAROLD M. YATVIN et al., Defendants-Appel-lees (Ingalls Memorial Hospital, Defendant-Appellee)." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "JUSTICE MANNING\ndelivered the opinion of the court:\nPlaintiffs brought an action alleging medical malpractice for injuries to their minor son sustained during his birth on November 10, 1980, and seeking recovery under the family expense statute (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1987, ch. 40, par. 1015) for his extraordinary medical expenses. The circuit court ruled that plaintiffs were precluded from pursuing their family expense statute claim pursuant to the applicable statute of limitations in effect on the date of accrual of their cause of action. The circuit court found that the statute of limitations for plaintiffs\u2019 cause of action expired on November 9, 1982, and rejected their contention that a 1987 amendment to section 13 \u2014 203 (Pub. Act 85 \u2014 907, eff. July 1, 1987 (now codified as Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 110, par. 13 \u2014 203)) reflected the intent of the legislature to retroactively toll the statute of limitations for their action to coincide with that of the child.\nThe two issues raised by plaintiffs below and on appeal are whether the parents\u2019 medical expense claim is tolled during the minority of an injured child pursuant to the tolling provision found in section 13 \u2014 211 of the Code of Civil Procedure (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1987, ch. 110, par. 13 \u2014 211), and whether the 1987 amendment to section 13 \u2014 203 should be applied retroactively to plaintiffs\u2019 cause of action. The circuit court responded negatively to both questions. We agree.\nPlaintiff-appellant, Linda Beck, as mother and next friend of Timothy Beck, a minor, first filed a medical malpractice suit against defendant-appellee Harold M. Yatvin, M.D., on December 10, 1987. She subsequently filed a first amended complaint adding defendant-appellee Medical Associates, S.C., Dr. Yatvin\u2019s employer. On November 24, 1989, plaintiff\u2019s second amended complaint added defendants-appellees Ingalls Memorial Hospital (Ingalls), Binay K. Sinha, M.D., and his employer, Community Medical Center, S.C. The complaint sought money damages for Timothy\u2019s injuries allegedly sustained during the perinatal period and at the time of his birth. Linda and Rory Beck, the father, also sued the same defendants in their own behalf seeking recovery of medical expenses.\nThe trial court granted defendant Ingalls\u2019 motion to dismiss the claim in an order entered on April 23, 1990, finding that there was no just cause to delay enforcement or appeal of the court\u2019s ruling. Plaintiffs\u2019 appeal from that order was filed on May 22, 1990, and docketed in this court as appeal No. 1 \u2014 90\u20141508. The trial court also granted defendants Dr. Yatvin, Dr. Sinha, and their respective employers summary judgment on plaintiffs\u2019 family expense statute claim in an order entered on June 26, 1990, again finding that there was no just cause to delay enforcement or appeal. Plaintiffs' appeal from that order was filed on July 25, 1990, and is docketed as appeal No. 1 \u2014 90\u20142190. On October 1, 1990, we consolidated the two appeals and the appellees\u2019 brief is filed on behalf of all defendants.\nSection 15 of the Rights of Married Women Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1987, ch. 40, par. 1015), commonly referred to as the family expense statute, requires parents to pay for the necessary expenses of their minor children. (See In re Marriage of Van Winkle (1982), 107 Ill. App. 3d 73, 437 N.E.2d 358.) This obligation includes the payment of the minor child\u2019s medical payments. (Kennedy v. Kiss (1980), 89 Ill. App. 3d 890, 412 N.E.2d 624.) Since the obligation to pay the child\u2019s medical expense is on the parent, it has been held that the cause of action to recover for medical expenses lies in the parent, rather than the child. In re Estate of Hammond (1986), 141 Ill. App. 3d 963, 491 N.E.2d 84; Reimers v. Honda Motor Co. (1986), 150 Ill. App. 3d 840, 502 N.E.2d 428.\nOur court also has held that an action pursuant to the family expense statute is derivative since the right of action arises out of injury to the person of another; thus, the statute of limitations for \u201cactions for damages for loss of consortium or other actions deriving from injury to the person of another\u201d applies. (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1987, ch. 110, par. 13 \u2014 203; Severe v. Miller (1983), 120 Ill. App. 3d 550, 458 N.E.2d 173.) Section 13 \u2014 203, prior to the 1987 amendment read, in pertinent part: \u201cActions for damages *** shall be commenced within the same period of time as actions for damages for injury to such other person.\u201d Ill. Rev. Stat. 1985, ch. 110, par. 13-203.\nSimilarly, in a decision decided prior to the 1987 amendment, it was determined that a claim brought under the family expense statute did not enjoy the same tolling of the statute of limitations for minors as that applicable to the minor child\u2019s medical cause of action. (See Ill. Rev. Stat. 1987, ch. 110, par. 13 \u2014 211; Swider v. Holy Cross Hospital (1986), 146 Ill. App. 3d 740, 497 N.E.2d 474.) In fact, every court to consider this issue prior to 1992 has ruled that the tolling provisions of section 13 \u2014 211 apply only if the person entitled to bring the action is under the age of 18 years. See Reimers, 150 Ill. App. 3d 840, 502 N.E.2d 428; Severe, 120 Ill. App. 3d 550, 458 N.E.2d 173; Fess v. Parke, Davis & Co. (1983), 113 Ill. App. 3d 133, 446 N.E.2d 1255; see also Curtis v. Womeldorff (1986), 145 Ill. App. 3d 1006, 496 N.E.2d 500; Northern Trust Co. v. Louis A. Weiss Memorial Hospital (1986), 143 Ill. App. 3d 479, 493 N.E.2d 6.\nHowever, plaintiffs assign error to each of the aforementioned appellate court decisions. They argue that Fess and its progeny misread the statutory intent and improperly cut off the parent\u2019s cause of action.\nPlaintiffs contend that the 1987 amendment by Public Act 85\u2014 907 made the intent of the legislature clear by simply restating \u201csame\u201d time to specifically incorporate the tolling provision of section 13 \u2014 211 into actions governed by section 13 \u2014 203. They contend that a subsequent amendment should be considered in determining legislative intent (see City of East Peoria v. Group Five Development Co. (1981), 87 Ill. 2d 42, 429 N.E.2d 492), especially where the amendment merely restates the original intent (see Bruni v. Department of Registration & Education (1974), 59 Ill. 2d 6, 319 N.E.2d 37), and that it should be applied to all pending matters where the amendment simply clarifies the statute and corrects an ambiguity. O\u2019Connor v. A & P Enterprises (1980), 81 Ill. 2d 260, 408 N.E.2d 204.\nDefendants counter that at the time of the occurrence at issue in 1980, the statutes of limitations applicable to plaintiffs\u2019 claims were section 13 \u2014 203 and section 13 \u2014 212, which govern actions arising from injury to another purportedly caused by medical malpractice. (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1981, ch. 110, pars. 13 \u2014 203, 13 \u2014 212.) They urge this court to reject plaintiffs\u2019 contention that the limitations period for their cause of action is tolled during the child\u2019s minority.\nDefendants also maintain that the 1987 amendment to section 13 \u2014 203 does not affect the proper interpretation of its predecessor since a statutory amendment creates a presumption that the legislature intended the amendment to change the law as it formerly existed (Sanchez v. Access Associates (1989), 179 Ill. App. 3d 961, 966, 535 N.E.2d 27) and plaintiffs here did not overcome such presumption.\nThe legislative history of section 13 \u2014 203 shows that Public Act 80 \u2014 714, enacted by the legislature in 1977, consisted of one sentence: \u201cAction for damages for loss of consortium or other actions derived from injury to the person of another should be commenced within the same period of time as actions for damages for injury to such other person.\u201d This Act was codified as section 14.1 of the Limitations Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1977, ch. 83, par. 15.1) and later renumbered as section 13 \u2014 203 of the Code of Civil Procedure (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1979, ch. 110, par. 13-203). Then, in 1987, Public Act 85 \u2014 907 was passed as an amendment to Public Act 80 \u2014 714 and provides:\n\u201cWhere the time in which the cause of action of the injured person whose injuries give rise to the cause of action brought under this Section is tolled or otherwise extended by any other Section of this Act, including Sections 13 \u2014 211, 13 \u2014 212 and 13 \u2014 215, the time in which the cause of action must be brought under this Section is also tolled or extended to coincide with the period of time in which the injured person must commence his or her cause of action.\u201d Ill. Rev. Stat. 1987, ch. 110, par. 13 \u2014 203.\nAs mentioned above, section 13 \u2014 203, governing \u201closs of consortium\u201d or \u201cother actions,\u201d was a one-line section until amended by Public Act 85 \u2014 907 in 1987. This amendment seems to be clear on its face that the time to bring an action pursuant thereto is tolled \u201c[wjhere the time in which the cause of action of the injured person whose injuries give rise to the cause of action brought under this Section is tolled.\u201d (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1987, ch. 110, par. 13 \u2014 203.) It is likewise clear that an action for \u201closs of consortium\u201d brought under section 13 \u2014 203 by a third party would be tolled or extended to coincide with the period of time in which the injured person suffering from a legal disability or minority (see sections 13 \u2014 211 and 13\u2014 212) could in fact bring his or her cause of action.\nThe question, however, remains what are \u201cother actions deriving from injury to the person of another.\u201d Prior to the 1987 amendment, our court had interpreted section 13 \u2014 203, by way of section 13 \u2014 212, to include such actions as plaintiffs\u2019 claim here for extraordinary medical expenses on behalf of a minor in a medical malpractice action.\nDefendants suggest that the Governor\u2019s veto and the legislature\u2019s acquiescence thereto in the foregoing proposed section 13\u2014 211.1 signalled the rejection altogether of allowing family medical expense claims to be brought pursuant to section 13 \u2014 203. Yet, a review of the Governor\u2019s remarks, proposed section 13 \u2014 211.1 and the current section 13 \u2014 203 indicates that some of the same language proposed in section 13 \u2014 211.1 found its way into section 13 \u2014 203, especially the language specifically incorporating the tolling provisions of sections 13 \u2014 211 and 13 \u2014 212.\nThe better view suggests that \u201cother actions\u201d found in section 13 \u2014 203 include the type of action brought by plaintiffs here and the amendment then would allow the parents\u2019 action to be tolled or extended to coincide with that of the minor child\u2019s action. Thus, we believe that there is merit in plaintiffs\u2019 argument regarding the tolling of claims, such as theirs, brought under the family expense statute in light of the amendment to section 13 \u2014 203. In fact, our court has recently held that an action under the family expense statute accords plaintiff the same period of limitations as the person from whom the action is derived. See Janetis v. Christensen (1990), 200 Ill. App. 3d 581, 558 N.E.2d 304.\nNevertheless, assuming the applicability of the amended version of section 13 \u2014 203 herein, such amendment cannot be used to retroactively alter the clear and unambiguous statutory language. Roth v. Yackley (1979), 77 Ill. 2d 423, 428, 396 N.E.2d 520.\nEven assuming the amendment in question changes the law with regard to parents\u2019 family expense statute claims, the plaintiffs\u2019 contention here nonetheless fails because our supreme court has repeatedly pronounced that amendments which lengthen the statute of limitations must not be applied retroactively to revive a cause of action previously barred. See, e.g., Conner v. Copley Press, Inc. (1984), 99 Ill. 2d 382, 459 N.E.2d 966; Wilson v. All-Steel, Inc. (1981), 87 Ill. 2d 28, 428 N.E.2d 489; Arnold Engineering, Inc. v. Industrial Comm\u2019n (1978), 72 Ill. 2d 161, 380 N.E.2d 782.\nBased upon the rules of statutory construction, we conclude that the amendment cannot be used to retroactively revive a cause of action previously barred. Furthermore, at the time of the occurrence in issue, the statute in effect did not specifically provide for incorporation of the tolling provisions found in the sections 13 \u2014 211, 13-212 and 13-215.\nBased on the foregoing, we affirm the judgment of the circuit court of Cook County in both appeals.\nAffirmed.\nBUCKLEY, P.J., and CAMPBELL, J., concur.", "type": "majority", "author": "JUSTICE MANNING" } ], "attorneys": [ "George M. Elsener & Associates, of Chicago (George M. Elsener and Michael I. Starkman, of counsel), for appellants.", "Lord, Bissell & Brook, of Chicago (Hugh C. Griffin, Patricia J. Barker, and Diane I. Jennings, of counsel), for appellees." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "TIMOTHY BECK, a Minor, by his Mother and Next Friend, Linda Beck, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. HAROLD M. YATVIN et al., Defendants-Appel-lees (Ingalls Memorial Hospital, Defendant-Appellee).\nFirst District (1st Division)\nNos. 1\u201490\u20141508, 1\u201490\u20142190\nOpinion filed July 6, 1992.\nRehearing denied November 23, 1992.\nGeorge M. Elsener & Associates, of Chicago (George M. Elsener and Michael I. Starkman, of counsel), for appellants.\nLord, Bissell & Brook, of Chicago (Hugh C. Griffin, Patricia J. Barker, and Diane I. Jennings, of counsel), for appellees." }, "file_name": "1085-01", "first_page_order": 1109, "last_page_order": 1114 }