{
  "id": 365896,
  "name": "FIRST OF AMERICA TRUST COMPANY, as Trustee, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. THOMAS L. ARMSTEAD, as State Fire Marshal, et al., Defendants-Appellees",
  "name_abbreviation": "First of America Trust Co. v. Armstead",
  "decision_date": "1995-02-01",
  "docket_number": "No. 3\u201494\u20140193",
  "first_page": "432",
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T19:11:33.308788+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
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  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "FIRST OF AMERICA TRUST COMPANY, as Trustee, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. THOMAS L. ARMSTEAD, as State Fire Marshal, et al., Defendants-Appellees."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "JUSTICE LYTTON\ndelivered the opinion of the court:\nPlaintiff, First of America Trust Company, as trustee of the Emil A. Harbers Trust, appeals from a judgment order of the circuit court of Peoria County confirming a decision of Thomas L. Armstead, Illinois State Fire Marshal, and the Office of the State Fire Marshal (OSFM) which denied plaintiff\u2019s request for registration of three underground storage tanks (USTs). Plaintiff contends that the court erred in giving retrospective application to a September 15, 1992, amendment to section 4(b)(1) of the Gasoline Storage Act (GSA) (430 ILCS 15/4(b)(l) (West 1992)). We agree and reverse that ruling; however, we affirm the denial of attorney fees sought by plaintiff.\nBACKGROUND\nIllinois has established an Underground Storage Tank Fund (Fund) to reimburse owners and/or operators of USTs for the corrective actions taken in response to a release or a substantial threat of a release of petroleum from a UST. (415 ILCS 5/22.18b, 22.18c (West 1992).) An owner or operator of a UST is eligible to receive money from the Fund if the tank has been registered under section 4 of the Gasoline Storage Act (430 ILCS 15/4 (West 1992)). 415 ILCS 5/22.18b (West 1992).\nPlaintiff holds certain real estate in Peoria which was used as a gasoline station until 1962. Three USTs located on the property were used to store and dispense gasoline when the station was in operation. Since 1962, the USTs have not been used but do contain a small quantity of petroleum and petroleum residue. On March 15, 1992, plaintiff submitted an application for registration of the three USTs to OSFM pursuant to the applicable statute then in effect, section 4(b)(1)(A) of the Gasoline Storage Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1991, ch. 1271/2, par. 156(b)(1)(A)):\n\"The owner of an underground storage tank *** which at anytime between January 1, 1974, and September 24, 1987 contained petroleum or petroleum products *** shall register the tank with the Office of the State Fire Marshal.\u201d (Emphasis added.)\nPlaintiffs application for registration was rejected because OSFM construed the requirement that the tanks \"contained petroleum\u201d after 1974 to mean that the tanks must have been in use after 1974. On September\" 9, 1992, after an administrative hearing, Armstead issued an administrative order denying registration on that basis.\nEffective September 15, 1992, Public Act 87 \u2014 1088 (Pub. Act 87\u2014 1088, eff. September 15, 1992) amended the applicable statute, now section 4 of the Gasoline Storage Act, to provide:\n\"The owner of an underground storage tank that was not taken out of operation before January 2, 1974, and that at any time between January 1, 1974, and September 24, 1987, contained petroleum or petroleum products *** shall register the tank with the Office of the State Fire Marshal. No underground storage tank taken out of operation before January 2, 1974, may be registered under this Act.\u201d (430 ILCS 15/4(b)(1)(A) (West Supp. 1993).)\nPlaintiff filed an administrative review action in the circuit court on October 13, 1992.\nUST REGISTRATION BEFORE THE 1992 AMENDMENT\nThe trial court ruled that plaintiff was entitled to register under the prior law, rejecting OSFM\u2019s argument that even before the amendment, tanks not in operation after January 1, 1974, were not eligible for registration. The plain language of the statute provided that all tanks containing petroleum after January 1, 1974, were to be registered. The court rejected OSFM\u2019s argument that the words \"containing petroleum\u201d mandate the \"use\u201d or \"operation\u201d of the USTs. \"Operation\u201d was not mentioned in the statute prior to amendment and had no bearing as to eligibility for registration. The. trial court correctly ruled that OSFM erred in denying plaintiffs original application.\nPROSPECTIVE APPLICATION OF AMENDMENT\nHowever, the trial court also ruled that plaintiff could not now register its USTs because of the September 1992 amendment. Plaintiff contends that Public Act 87 \u2014 1088 should be applied prospectively, not retroactively. Generally, amendments are presumed to be prospective in application. (Rivard v. Chicago Fire Fighters Union, Local No. 2 (1988), 122 Ill. 2d 303, 309, 522 N.E.2d 1195, 1198.) Retroactive application of an amendment affecting eligibility for the Illinois UST program was not allowed in Rockford Drop Forge Co. v. Pollution Control Board (1991), 221 Ill. App. 3d 505, 512, 582 N.E.2d 253, 258, where the court said:\n<!A statutory amendment cannot be given retroactive effect in the absence of a clear expression of legislative intent to do so.\u201d\nNothing in Public Act 87 \u2014 1088 indicates any legislative intent to apply the new restriction retroactively.\nSince Public Act 87 \u2014 1088 is not to be given retroactive effect, OSFM could not use that amendment as grounds for revoking an otherwise valid UST registration. If plaintiff\u2019s application had been granted at the time it was submitted, as the law then required, its USTs would now be registered without regard to the new restriction. Fundamental fairness requires that OSFM\u2019s patently wrongful denial of plaintiff\u2019s application under the old law should not be the means by which plaintiff can now be deprived of its right to register its USTs. The statute as amended by Public Act 87 \u2014 1088 applies to all UST owners and operators applying for registration after September 15, 1992, but the amendment does not apply to those who, like plaintiff, filed proper applications before the effective date of the amendment.\nATTORNEY FEES\nPlaintiff contends that the trial court erred in refusing to award attorney fees pursuant to section 10 \u2014 55(c) of the Illinois Administrative Procedure Act (5 ILCS 100/10 \u2014 55(c) (West 1992)), which authorizes the awarding of costs, including attorney fees, in any case where an administrative rule is invalidated by the court. Plaintiff argues that the denial of its application by OSFM was in effect a rule of the agency that is invalidated by a decision in favor of plaintiff.\nThe denial of plaintiff\u2019s application for registration was an administrative decision of OSFM, not adoption of a rule by an administrative agency within the meaning of section 10 \u2014 55(c). (Gonzales-Bianco v. Clayton (1983), 120 Ill. App. 3d 848, 458 N.E.2d 1156.) The trial court properly denied plaintiff\u2019s request for attorney fees.\nWe reverse the Peoria County circuit court\u2019s denial of plaintiff\u2019s request for registration and affirm the denial of attorney fees.\nReversed in part; affirmed in part.\nMcCUSKEY and SLATER, JJ., concur.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "JUSTICE LYTTON"
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Diana M. Jagiella and Frederick G. Hoffman, both of Howard & Howard, of Peoria, for appellant.",
      "Michael O\u2019Neil, of Keck, Mahin & Cate, of Chicago, and Robert M. Riffle, of Keck, Mahin & Cate, of Peoria, for appellees."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "FIRST OF AMERICA TRUST COMPANY, as Trustee, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. THOMAS L. ARMSTEAD, as State Fire Marshal, et al., Defendants-Appellees.\nThird District\nNo. 3\u201494\u20140193\nOpinion filed February 1, 1995.\nDiana M. Jagiella and Frederick G. Hoffman, both of Howard & Howard, of Peoria, for appellant.\nMichael O\u2019Neil, of Keck, Mahin & Cate, of Chicago, and Robert M. Riffle, of Keck, Mahin & Cate, of Peoria, for appellees."
  },
  "file_name": "0432-01",
  "first_page_order": 452,
  "last_page_order": 455
}