{
  "id": 1172372,
  "name": "THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. KARRIE M. PAYNE, Defendant-Appellee",
  "name_abbreviation": "People v. Payne",
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T16:03:41.906832+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
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  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. KARRIE M. PAYNE, Defendant-Appellee."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "JUSTICE GEIGER\ndelivered the opinion of the court:\nThe defendant, Karrie M. Payne, was charged with driving while her driver\u2019s license was suspended (625 ILCS 5/6. \u2014 303(a) (West 1992)) and with the operation of an uninsured vehicle (625 ILCS 5/3 \u2014 707 (West 1992)). The trial court granted the defendant\u2019s motion to quash her arrest and suppress the evidence. The State filed a certificate of impairment and brought this appeal, raising one issue for review: whether a police officer may stop a vehicle solely on the basis of a perceived violation of the Child Passenger Protection Act (Act) (625 ILCS 25/1 et seq. (West 1992)). We answer that question in the affirmative.\nThe defendant was driving with her four-year-old son in the car when she was stopped by the police. The defendant\u2019s son was restrained with a seat belt. The police officer who stopped the car saw the child and believed that he was under the age of four. The officer decided to stop the car on that basis. See 625 ILCS 25/4 (West 1992) (child under four years old must be secured in a child restraint system while a passenger in a motor vehicle). After determining that the child was over four years old, the officer ran a check on the defendant\u2019s driver\u2019s license and asked for proof of insurance. As a result, the officer issued the two tickets.\nThe defendant challenged her arrest, arguing that the officer did not have grounds to stop her vehicle. The trial court determined that the Act should be read in pari materia with section 12 \u2014 603.1 of the Illinois Vehicle Code (Code) (625 ILCS 5/12 \u2014 603.1 (West 1992)). The court found that the stop was unjustified because the officer could not stop the vehicle for a perceived violation of the Act. The State timely appealed.\nThe resolution of this appeal turns on statutory interpretation. In interpreting a statute, we must ascertain and give effect to the legislature\u2019s intent. People v. Tucker, 167 Ill. 2d 431, 435 (1995). The language of the statute is the best indicator of legislative intent. People v. Rissley, 165 Ill. 2d 364, 391 (1995). We also consider the reason and necessity for the statute, the evil it intended to remedy, and the object it intended to obtain. Tucker, 167 Ill. 2d at 435. Where the language is clear, we must enforce the law as written without resorting to other principles of construction. Rissley, 165 Ill. 2d at 391.\nThe trial court interpreted the Act by resorting to the doctrine of in pari materia to compare the Act with the seat belt statute. The doctrine provides that when two statutes address the same subject, they should be construed together. People v. 1946 Buick, VIN 34423520, 127 Ill. 2d 374, 376 (1989). Section 12 \u2014 603.1 of the Code, the seat belt statute, provides, in relevant part:\n\"(a) Each driver and front seat passenger of a motor vehicle operated on a street or highway in this State shall wear a properly adjusted and fastened seat safety belt; except that, a child less than 6 years of age shall be protected as required pursuant to the Child Passenger Protection Act. ***\n* * *\n(e) No motor vehicle, or driver or passenger of such vehicle, shall be stopped or searched by any law enforcement officer solely on the basis of a violation or suspected violation of this Section.\u201d (Emphasis added.) 625 ILCS 5/12 \u2014 603.1 (West 1992).\nBy contrast, the Act provides that the \"State Police shall patrol the public highways and make arrests for a violation of this Act\u201d and \"[pjolice officers shall make arrests for violations of this Act occurring upon the highway within the limits of a county, city, village, or unincorporated town or park district.\u201d 625 ILCS 25/7 (West 1992). Section 2 of the Act sets forth the legislative purpose of the Act:\n\"The General Assembly finds that a substantial number of passengers under the age of 6 years riding in motor vehicles, which are most frequently operated by a parent, annually die or sustain serious physical injury as a direct result of not being placed in a child passenger restraint system. The General Assembly further finds that the safety of the motoring public is seriously threatened as indicated by the significant number of traffic accidents annually caused, directly or indirectly, by driver distraction or other impairment of driving ability induced by the movement or actions of unrestrained passengers under the age of 6 years.\nIt is the purpose of this Act to further protect the health, safety and welfare of motor vehicle passengers under the age of 6 years and the motoring public through the proper utilization of approved child restraint systems.\u201d 625 ILCS 25/2 (West 1992).\nThere is no similar legislative purpose expressed for the seat belt statute.\nThe doctrine of in pari materia applies only if the statutory section is ambiguous. 1946 Buick, 127 Ill. 2d at 377. The Act is unambiguous. It clearly provides that the police shall patrol the highways and make arrests for violations of the Act. The legislative policy of preventing accidents and injuries fully comports with that provision. Section 12 \u2014 603.1 also is unambiguous; subsection (e) prohibits the police from stopping vehicles for a violation of the seat belt statute. See 625 ILCS 5/12 \u2014 603.1(e) (West 1992). Courts are not at liberty to distort the plain language of the statute in an attempt to legislate public policy. Kozak v. Retirement Board of the Firemen\u2019s Annuity & Benefit Fund, 95 Ill. 2d 211, 220 (1983). The legislature clearly intended to allow police officers to stop vehicles and make arrests for perceived violations of the Act. We therefore conclude that the trial court erred in quashing the defendant\u2019s arrest and suppressing the evidence.\nThe order of the circuit court is reversed, and the cause is remanded for further proceedings.\nReversed and remanded.\nMcLaren, P.J., and HUTCHINSON, J\u201e concur.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "JUSTICE GEIGER"
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Anthony M. Peccarelli, State\u2019s Attorney, of Wheaton (William L. Brow-ers and Mary Beth Burns, both of State\u2019s Attorneys Appellate Prosecutor\u2019s Office, of counsel), for the People.",
      "G. Joseph Weller and Patrick M. Carmody, both of State Appellate Defender\u2019s Office, of Elgin, Charles M. Schiedel, of State Appellate Defender\u2019s Office, of Springfield, and Kim Robert Fawcett, of State Appellate Defender\u2019s Office, of Chicago, for appellee."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. KARRIE M. PAYNE, Defendant-Appellee.\nSecond District\nNo. 2\u201494\u20140976\nOpinion filed February 14, 1996.\nAnthony M. Peccarelli, State\u2019s Attorney, of Wheaton (William L. Brow-ers and Mary Beth Burns, both of State\u2019s Attorneys Appellate Prosecutor\u2019s Office, of counsel), for the People.\nG. Joseph Weller and Patrick M. Carmody, both of State Appellate Defender\u2019s Office, of Elgin, Charles M. Schiedel, of State Appellate Defender\u2019s Office, of Springfield, and Kim Robert Fawcett, of State Appellate Defender\u2019s Office, of Chicago, for appellee."
  },
  "file_name": "1000-01",
  "first_page_order": 1018,
  "last_page_order": 1021
}