{
  "id": 2839607,
  "name": "The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Michael Wilson, Defendant-Appellant",
  "name_abbreviation": "People v. Wilson",
  "decision_date": "1972-01-06",
  "docket_number": "Nos. 54116, 54569 cons.",
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T16:53:03.474127+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
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  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Michael Wilson, Defendant-Appellant."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Mr. JUSTICE DEMPSEY\ndelivered the opinion of the court:\nAn indictment charging the defendant Michael Wilson with the murder of Joseph Farland was pending in the Criminal Division of the Circuit Court in July 1968. On July 31st Wilsons counsel answered ready for trial but the case was continued on order of the court to August 28th. On August 13, 1968, after notice to the defendant on August 12th, the case was advanced for trial on the State\u2019s motion, a jury was selected and the cause was tried. Wilson was found guilty of murder and sentenced to imprisonment in the penitentiary for a period of 14 to 25 years.\nWilson contends that the advancement of the trial date deprived him of his right to present witnesses and denied him the effective assistance of counsel. He also insists that the evidence was not sufficient to prove him guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.\nFar land died on August 26, 1967, and Wilson was indicted for his murder on October 25, 1967. After approximately 11 continuances the cause was advanced because an eyewitness to the homicide, Claude Hudson, who was home on furlough from active duty with the United States Army, was about to be sent out of the country. The defendant\u2019s attorney objected to the advancement from August 28th to August 13th, 1968. He represented that he could not get his witnesses in on such short notice and that Wilson\u2019s mother, who was his means of access to some of the witnesses, was out of the State.\nThe trial judge stated that the court was open that day (August 13th) for a trial but was not sure it would be in the next week after that. He said the State\u2019s case would take a day or two and the defendant would have plenty of time to secure his witnesses and every effort should be made to proceed. The case was held on call and the trial was started in the afternoon.\nThe defense presented the testimony of the defendant and four witnesses, two of whom were prsent when the crime took place. The last of these witnesses was heard on August 16th, the fourth day of trial. The witness appeared in court during the conference on instructions and the judge permitted him to testify over the State\u2019s objection. In the discussion preceding his testifying, the defendant\u2019s attorney said that there were at least four more witnesses whom he had been unable to locate but who would have been available if the trial date had not been changed.\nA court may vacate an order continuing a criminal case and require a defendant to go to trial over his protests. (Sampson v. People (1900), 188 Ill. 592, 59 N.E. 427.) The test of the propriety of the order is whether the defendant was prejudiced. In the present case the cause had been continued a number of times, the defendant\u2019s counsel had been in the case many months and had answered ready for trial just fourteen days before the case was advanced. No showing was made as to the materiality of the testimony of the missing witnesses; no offers of proof were made as to what their testimony would have been; no suggestion was made that the State stipulate to their testimony, and no request was made at any time during the trial for a continuance (Ill. Rev. Stat, 1967, ch. 38, par. 114 \u2014 4(f)) to locate and subpoena them. Since the record does not disclose that the defendant was prejudiced or denied substantial justice, the order of the court re-setting the trial date cannot be held improper.\nHudson testified that there was bad blood between Farland and Wilson. Their quarrel was renewed on August 26, 1967, when they met about 1:45 A.M. on the corner of Pulaski Road and Gladys Avenue, Chicago. Farland said, \u201cI heard you have been looking for me.\u201d Wilson replied, \u2018What of it?\u201d and placed his hand in his pocket as if he had a weapon. Farland, who was unarmed, reached for him but Wilson broke away, picked up two bottles and threw one which struck Farland. Hudson and Farland tried to restrain him but could not.\nAs Wilson ran away a police car passed by. Wilson hailed it and told tire officers that Farland and Hudson were out to get him. He also said that Farland had pulled a knife and cut his clothes. The officers searched the three men but found no weapons. They were advised to forget about their altercation and go home. Several people had gathered, among them Wilsons stepfather who owned a nearby restaurant. Wilson was turned over to him and they walked away. Hudson testified that before Wilson left he said he was not willing to forget about the quarrel.\nFarland and Hudson walked north on Pulaski. As they walked on, Hudson heard footsteps behind him, turned and saw Wilson with a butcher knife in his hand. Wilson exclaimed, \u201cYou know, I\u2019m for real\u201d and plunged the knife into Farland\u2019s chest. Hudson chased Wilson but he escaped. He surrendered to the police the next day.\nPolice officers came to the scene. No weapons were found. Farland was bleeding profusely and was rushed to a hospital. He was stabbed just above the center of his chest; his aorta artery was severed and his left hand was cut.\nA sister of Farland saw the stabbing. She testified that two boys sneaked up on her brother. One drew a knife and stabbed him as he threw his hands up. She recognized Wilson as the one who wielded the knife.\nWilson testified that at the first encounter Farland, with whom he had quarreled, approached him with a knife in his hand and said, \u201cYou know what you got coming don\u2019t you?\u201d He replied, \u201cI ain\u2019t got nothing coming.\u201d Farland kept creeping up on him so he put his hand in his pocket, pretended he had a gun and said, \u201cLook, don\u2019t make me do anything to you. Go on home because I don\u2019t want to shoot you.\u201d When Hudson intervened he ran around the corner, picked up some bottles and threw them at Farland. Hudson grabbed him and tore his shirt as he broke away. He ran to the street, flagged down a squad car and told the officers, \u201cThose two fellows over there [are] trying to cut me and kill me.\u201d The officers talked to the three young men and released them.\nWilson said he and a friend followed Farland and Hudson north on Pulaski and the friend, who had given him a knife, was with him at the time of the stabbing. He testified that he never intended to kill Farland; that he lashed out at him with his knife only to make Farland give him enough room to pass by. He also said that Farland held an open knife and was coming at him. In a statement to the police after submitting to arrest, Wilson did not say that Farland had a knife or any other weapon.\nTwo witnesses who were present at the slaying testified for the defense. One said that he heard Wilson and Farland arguing but turned his head away just before the stabbing. He said Wilson had a knife and that Far-land had something in his hand which looked like a knife. He turned back in time to see Farland grab his chest and fall to the street. The other witness said he saw Farland take an object from his pocket that looked like a knife or razor and saw Wilson stab him.\nThe State\u2019s evidence was sufficient to sustain the murder verdict. Murder is the killing of an individual without lawful justification, if the person who performs the act causing death, either intends to kill or do great bodily harm to the individual or knows that his act creates a strong probability of death or great bodily harm. (Ill. Rev. Stat., ch. 38, par. 9 \u2014 1.) Wilson obtained a butcher knife either from his friend or his father\u2019s restaurant and followed Farland who was unarmed. He approached Farland from the rear and slashed out at him for the purpose, he said, of getting room to pass. While he asserted that he did not intend to kill Farland, it is not necessary in order to sustain the conviction that he deliberately formed an intent to kill. It is sufficient if at the instant of the assault he intended to do great bodily harm or knew that there was a strong probability that his acts would cause death or great bodily harm. The character of the assault and the circumstances of the slaying, according to the State\u2019s evidence, showed Wilson\u2019s intention to either kill Far-land or injure him severely. Every sane man is presumed to intend all the natural and probable consequences of his act, and if he voluntarily and willfully does an act the tendency of which is to destroy another\u2019s life, the conclusion, in the absence of qualifying facts, is that the destruction of that life was intended. People v. Brooks (1964), 52 Ill.App.2d 473, 202 N.E.2d 265.\nWilson argues that there was sufficient evidence that Farland had a weapon to justify the reversal of his conviction; he also argues that he acted in self-defense and if he committed any offense it was voluntary manslaughter. Farland\u2019s possession of a weapon would not warrant reversal, nor would Wilson\u2019s belief that he had. And possession of a weapon by Farland would be but one factor in the defense of self-defense. Of greater importance would be evidence that Wilson had in good faith tried to avoid the fatal confrontation or that Farland was the aggressor. The animosity between Wilson and Farland and the quarrel which preceded the stabbing were factors for the jury\u2019s consideration in determining who was the aggressor at the time of the killing. But even if Farland were the aggressor in the earlier quarrel, this would not of itself prove that he was the aggressor just prior to his being killed.\nTo justify the reversal of the murder conviction the evidence would have had to establish that Wilson\u2019s act was in defense of his life. To justify the reduction of the crime to voluntary manslaughter, the evidence would have had to establish that at the time he stabbed Far-land he believed (but unreasonably so) that the circumstances were such that, if they had existed, it was necessary to stab him in defense of his life. (Ill. Rev. Stat., 1967, ch. 38, par. 9 \u2014 2(b).) The evidence falls far short of this. Moreover, Wilson\u2019s own testimony that he stabbed Farland in order to get enough room to pass him on the sidewalk weakens his argument that he acted in defense of his own life. Whether a killing is justified under the law of self-defense, is a question of fact to be determined by the jury under proper instructions. (People v. Johnson (1969), 112 Ill.App.2d 148, 251 N.E.2d 393.) Once a jury has decided this question its verdict will not be disturbed unless the evidence is contrary to the verdict or so unsatisfactory that it justifies a reasonable doubt of the defendant\u2019s guilt. People v. McClain (1951), 410 Ill. 280, 102 N.E.2d 134.\nVoluntary manslaughter is also the killing of an individual without lawful justification while acting under a sudden and intense passion resulting from serious provocation. (Ill. Rev. Stat., 1967, ch. 38, par. 9 \u2014 2(a).) The evidence did not prove that Wilson was acting under a sudden passion at the time of the stabbing. He may have suffered provocation which aroused an intense passion during his first encounter with Farland but the lapse of time between the two encounters would prevent Wilson\u2019s provocation, if any, arising from the first to mitigate the second. To reduce an unlawful killing from murder to voluntary manslaughter, the sudden and intense passion resulting from serious provocation cannot be followed by a period of time sufficient for the passion to cool and the voice of reason to be heard.\nThe judgment is affirmed.\nJudgment affirmed.\nMcGLOON, P. J., and McNAMARA, J., concur.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Mr. JUSTICE DEMPSEY"
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Gerald W. Getty, Public Defender, of Chicago, (Shelvin Singer, Assistant Public Defender, of counsel,) for appellant.",
      "Edward V. Hanrahan, States Attorney, of Chicago, (William Hedrick, Assistant State\u2019s Attorney, of counsel,) for the People."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Michael Wilson, Defendant-Appellant.\n(Nos. 54116, 54569 cons.;\nFirst District\nJanuary 6, 1972.\nGerald W. Getty, Public Defender, of Chicago, (Shelvin Singer, Assistant Public Defender, of counsel,) for appellant.\nEdward V. Hanrahan, States Attorney, of Chicago, (William Hedrick, Assistant State\u2019s Attorney, of counsel,) for the People."
  },
  "file_name": "0481-01",
  "first_page_order": 501,
  "last_page_order": 506
}