{ "id": 2622658, "name": "The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Michael Charles Cooper, Defendant-Appellant", "name_abbreviation": "People v. Cooper", "decision_date": "1975-07-10", "docket_number": "No. 74-321", "first_page": "112", "last_page": "117", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "30 Ill. App. 3d 112" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "Ill. App. Ct.", "id": 8837, "name": "Illinois Appellate Court" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 29, "name_long": "Illinois", "name": "Ill." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "309 N.E.2d 89", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "17 Ill.App.3d 1043", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 2511166 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/17/1043-01" ] }, { "cite": "301 N.E.2d 273", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "54 Ill.2d 558", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 2933076 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/54/0558-01" ] }, { "cite": "260 N.E.2d 10", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "pin_cites": [ { "page": "19" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "123 Ill.App.2d 190", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 2d", "case_ids": [ 1580149 ], "pin_cites": [ { "page": "209" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-2d/123/0190-01" ] }, { "cite": "225 N.E.2d 713", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "81 Ill.App.2d 34", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 2d", "case_ids": [ 2542947 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-2d/81/0034-01" ] }, { "cite": "311 N.E.2d 246", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "19 Ill.App.3d 14", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 2698332 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/19/0014-01" ] }, { "cite": "311 N.E.2d 401", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "19 Ill.App.3d 334", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 2692667 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/19/0334-01" ] }, { "cite": "290 N.E.2d 231", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "53 Ill.2d 181", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 2924485 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/53/0181-01" ] }, { "cite": "165 N.E.2d 257", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "18 Ill.2d 453", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5328355 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/18/0453-01" ] }, { "cite": "303 N.E.2d 377", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "55 Ill.2d 337", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 2939050 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/55/0337-01" ] }, { "cite": "288 N.E.2d 901", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "7 Ill.App.3d 912", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 2672097 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/7/0912-01" ] }, { "cite": "298 N.E.2d 280", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "11 Ill.App.3d 887", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 2933379 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/11/0887-01" ] }, { "cite": "314 N.E.2d 324", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "20 Ill.App.3d 911", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 5343980 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/20/0911-01" ] }, { "cite": "325 N.E.2d 623", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "26 Ill.App.3d 1062", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 2789935 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/26/1062-01" ] }, { "cite": "330 N.E.2d 556", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "557" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "29 Ill.App.3d 452", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 2501485 ], "weight": 2, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "453" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/29/0452-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 582, "char_count": 10409, "ocr_confidence": 0.739, "pagerank": { "raw": 6.24270015130462e-08, "percentile": 0.38583909718288595 }, "sha256": "39743d0e5457c561a235d109f391e0f2971455947550aeb711eb6a12ceda3ca6", "simhash": "1:824e96c9ba462511", "word_count": 1688 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T21:56:28.126609+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [], "parties": [ "The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Michael Charles Cooper, Defendant-Appellant." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "Mr. JUSTICE EBERSPACHER\ndelivered the opinion of the court:\nThis is an appeal by the defendant, Michael Charles Cooper, from a judgment of conviction entered by the circuit court of Franklin County on a jury\u2019s verdict of guilty to the charge of voluntary manslaughter, a lesser included offense in the murder charged, and the imposition of a sentence of not less than 3 years\u2019 nor more than 9 years\u2019 imprisonment.\nWe note at the outset that the defendant\u2019s brief on appeal contains a section entitled \u201cIssues Presented for Review,\u201d which contains 17 enumerated \u201cissues.\u201d Under defendant\u2019s section entitled \u201cPoints and Authorities,\u201d only four \u201cpoints\u201d are raised. The defendant\u2019s argument is not organized into sections dealing with each \u201cissue\u201d or \u201cpoint.\u201d Supreme Court Rule 341(e)(7) (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1973, ch. 110A, p\u00e1r. 341(e)(7)) provides, in part:\n\u201c(e) Appellant\u2019s Brief. The appellant\u2019s brief shall contain the following parts in the order named:\n* * *\n(7) Argument, which shall contain the contentions of the appellant and the reasons therefor, with citation of the authorities and the pages of the record relied on. * * * Points not argued are waived and shall not be raised in the reply brief, in oral argument, or on petition for rehearing.\u201d\nSince the defendant has seen fit not to argue several of his \u201cissues\u201d we deem such issues waived. For purposes of review we have consolidated those contentions presented in defendant\u2019s argument, and hence not waived, into the following:\n(1) The defendant was not proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt of the charge of voluntary manslaughter.\n(2) The opening statement by the State\u2019s Attorney was prejudicial to the defendant.\n(3) The defendant was prejudiced by the State\u2019s failure to divulge certain evidence which was within the defendant\u2019s motion for discovery.\n(4) It was reversible error for the State to fail to present evidence establishing the defendant\u2019s sanity before resting its case in chief when it had been notified that insanity would be one of the defendant\u2019s defenses.\n(5) The trial court erred in failing to instruct the jury as to \u201cthe lesser included offense\u201d of involuntary manslaughter.\nThe defendant\u2019s contention that he was not proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt of the charge of voluntary manslaughter is premised upon the degree of the defendant\u2019s intoxication at the time of the offense and his allegation that he was not the aggressor i.e., he acted in self-defense. As we recently stated in People v. Heiple, 29 Ill.App.3d 452, 453, 330 N.E.2d 556, 557.\n\u201c* * * voluntary intoxication is no excuse for the perpetration of a criminal act; however, it may be used to negate intent where the intoxication is so extreme as to suspend aH reason and make impossible the existence of a mental state which is an element of the crime. [Citations.]\u201d\nWhffe the testimony presented on behalf of the defendant regarding the amount of alcohol the defendant had consumed stood unrebutted, since there was a conflict in testimony concerning the degree of the defendant\u2019s intoxication at the time of the offense, it was for the jury, as the triers of fact, to determine not only the credibihty of the witnesses, but, ultimately, if the defendant\u2019s degree of intoxication had advanced to the stage where it suspended all of the defendant\u2019s power to reason and made it impossible for the defendant to entertain the requisite mental state required to commit the offense of voluntary manslaughter. (See People v. Heiple, 29 Ill.App.3d 452, 330 N.E.2d 556; People v. Smith 26 Ill.App.3d 1062, 325 N.E.2d 623.) Under the record before this court we cannot say that the jury\u2019s determination that the defendant was not intoxicated to so great a degree was in error.\nSimHarly, there was ample evidence presented to the jury to estabHsh that the lethal actions of the defendant were not prompted by his legitimate concern for self-preservation. Under such circumstances we find no reason to disturb the jury\u2019s implied finding that the defendant\u2019s actions were not justified under the pretense of self-defense. See People v. Dortch, 20 Ill.App.3d 911, 314 N.E.2d 324; People v. Bauer, 11 Ill.App.3d 887, 298 N.E.2d 280; People v. Smith, 7 Ill.App.3d 912, 288 N.E.2d 901.\nHaving thus decided, we find that the defendant, who admitted shooting the victim at point-blank range, was proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt of the charge of voluntary manslaughter.\nNext, the defendant argues that the opening statement by the State\u2019s Attorney was prejudicial to his defense. The foHowing statement is the basis for the defendant\u2019s complaint:\n\u201cIf, during the course of this trial, I appear to be a fittle bit nervous, it is probably because I am; I have been State\u2019s Attorney here for thirteen, going on fourteen months, and this is the first felony trial I have handled for the People.\u201d\nThe defendant, who made no objection in the trial court, now contends that he could not have objected without giving such statements \u201cadditional emphasis.\u201d The State on the other hand contends that the impropriety of such remark, if not waived by the failure to object (People v. Killebrew, 55 Ill.2d 337, 303 N.E.2d 377), did not constitute a material factor in the conviction and that this remark was of such a minor character that prejudice to the defendant was not the probable result (People v. Berry, 18 Ill.2d 453, 165 N.E.2d 257). While we do not condone such remarks, when measured against the overwhelming evidence against the defendant, we find their effect de minimis.\nThe defendant also argues that he was prejudiced by the State\u2019s failure to divulge certain evidence which was within the defendant\u2019s motion for discovery. The basis for this argument is that the State did not deliver a lab report which contained the results of a blood analysis that was performed on the deceased victim. In particular, the report noted that the deceased victim\u2019s blood alcohol level was \u201c0.26\u201d which the report characterized as being \u201c* * * a marked elevation [representing] the lower levels where stupor may appearf and as showing a \u201cdefinite level of intoxication.\u201d The defendant characterizes the State\u2019s dilatory actions as a \u201cdeliberate concealment of evidence that might be favorable to Defendant.\u201d He argues that prior to his being aware of the existence of the blood sample, it had \u201cdeteriorated beyond usefulness.\u201d Moreover, he contends, \u201cthis information would have had a tremendous bearing on the all-important question of \u2018who was tire aggressor?* \u201d We, however, find this line of reasoning unpersuasive for a number of reasons. First, the defendant was given the lab report in question prior to the trial and was able to elicit the fact that alcohol content of the victim\u2019s blood was 0.26 and that this represented a definite level of intoxication. Secondly, the nexus between the percentage of alcohol in the victim\u2019s blood and the aggressiveness of his actions is, at best, nebulous. Thirdly, even if one accepts such a nexus as being plausible, it works equally against the defendant since he went to great lengths to establish the amount of alcohol he had consumed. And lastly, contrary to the defendant\u2019s contentions, the record fails to disclose any \u201cdeliberate concealment of evidence that might be favorable to Defendant.\u201d Consequently, we fail to see what prejudice accrued to the defendant as a result of the delay in conveying the lab report in question to the defendant.\nThe next argument raised by the defendant is that it is reversible error for the State to fail to present evidence establishing the defendant\u2019s sanity before resting its case in chief when it had been notified that insanity would be one of the defendant\u2019s defenses. We find this argument devoid cff all merit. \u201cInsanity\u201d is an affirmative defense (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1973, ch. 38, pars. 6 \u2014 2, 6 \u2014 4), and \u201cunless the State\u2019s evidence raises the issue * * *, the defendant, to raise the issue, must present some evidence thereon\u201d (Ill. Rev. Stat., ch. 38, par. 3 \u2014 2(a)). In the instant case, the defendant fails to even allege that the State\u2019s evidence raised the issue of insanity. Consequently, until the defendant presented some evidence on the defendant\u2019s insanity the State had no obligation to rebut the defendant\u2019s affirmative defense of insanity. Numerous cases have so held. People v. Hawkins, 53 Ill.2d 181, 290 N.E.2d 231; People v. Moore, 19 Ill.App.3d 334, 311 N.E.2d 401; People v. Hall, 19 Ill.App.3d 14, 311 N.E.2d 246; People v. Conrad, 81 Ill.App.2d 34, 225 N.E.2d 713.\nThe final contention raised by the defendant is that the trial court erred in failing to instruct the jury regarding \u201cthe lesser included offense\u201d of involuntary manslaughter. This issue was confronted by the court in People v. Cunningham, 123 Ill.App.2d 190, 209, 260 N.E.2d 10, 19, wherein that court stated:\n\u201c* * \u201d although voluntary intoxication, in a proper case, might reduce the degree of homicide from murder to voluntary manslaughter so that a defendant\u2019s voluntary manslaughter instruction must be given to the jury, it does not reduce it one degree lower to involuntary manslaughter.\u201d\nWhile this pronouncement may be subject to some modification, nothing in the instant case demonstrates any need for such modification. Patently absent from the facts of the instant case is any indication that the defendant\u2019s acts were reckless (the mental state required for involuntary manslaughter) and not intentional. Thus, unlike the situation in People v. Taylor, 54 Ill.2d 558, 301 N.E.2d 273, the evidence was not sufficient to support a finding that the defendant acted recklessly. Consequently, under the facts herein present, we find that the trial court did not err in faffing to instruct the jury on the offense of involuntary manslaughter. Accord, People v. Arnold, 17 Ill.App.3d 1043, 309 N.E.2d 89.\nHaving found each of the contentions argued in the defendant\u2019s brief to be without merit, we affirm the judgment of conviction entered by the circuit court of Franklin County.\nAffirmed.\nKARNS and CARTER, JJ., concur.", "type": "majority", "author": "Mr. JUSTICE EBERSPACHER" } ], "attorneys": [ "Joseph W. Hickman, of Benton, for appellant.", "Loren P. Lewis, State\u2019s Attorney, of Benton (Brace D. Irish and Raymond F. Buckley, Jr., both of Illinois State\u2019s Attorneys Association, of counsel), for the People." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Michael Charles Cooper, Defendant-Appellant.\n(No. 74-321;\nFifth District\nJuly 10, 1975.\nJoseph W. Hickman, of Benton, for appellant.\nLoren P. Lewis, State\u2019s Attorney, of Benton (Brace D. Irish and Raymond F. Buckley, Jr., both of Illinois State\u2019s Attorneys Association, of counsel), for the People." }, "file_name": "0112-01", "first_page_order": 138, "last_page_order": 143 }