{
  "id": 2794046,
  "name": "The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. John Phillip Hoffman, Defendant-Appellee",
  "name_abbreviation": "People v. Hoffman",
  "decision_date": "1975-10-16",
  "docket_number": "No. 12773",
  "first_page": "785",
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    "id": 8837,
    "name": "Illinois Appellate Court"
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T16:14:58.460223+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
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  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. John Phillip Hoffman, Defendant-Appellee."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Mr. PRESIDING JUSTICE SIMKINS\ndelivered the opinion of the court:\nThe State is appealing the trial court\u2019s suppression of statements made by defendant. We reverse.\nOne evening defendant appeared at the McLean County sheriff\u2019s department in an intoxicated condition and announced that he had committed a certain robbery. He was held overnight and questioned the next morning. The responses to that questioning were the statements suppressed.\nAt the hearing on the motion to suppress both the detectives present at the questioning testified. Detective Woith testified that he first informed the defendant that\n\u201cYou have the right to remain silent; anything you say can and will be used against you in a Court of Law; you have the right to have an attorney present before any questions are asked; and if you can\u2019t afford one the court has to appoint one for you; you can exercise any and all of these rights at any time that you wish.\u201d\nDetective Woith also testified defendant responded \u201cyes\u201d when asked whether he understood these rights. Detective Brown testified that defendant was advised of his constitutional rights and appeared to understand them.\nAfter the rights were given, defendant was questioned, and his statement, on a form which included printed Miranda warnings, was typed up, and then signed by him.\nDefendant, during this time, did not ask for an attorney and did not refuse to answer any questions. Defendant did not testify at the hearing on the motion to suppress.\nThe trial judge suppressed the statements on the grounds that, one, the material witness rule was not complied with, and two, the Miranda warnings were insufficient.\nThe trial judge found that the failure of Detective Brown to testify concerning the actual wording of the warnings given by Detective Woith amounted to failure to call all material witnesses.\nWhen a defendant challenges the voluntariness of a confession, the burden is on the State to prove that the confession was voluntary by a preponderance of the evidence. The State must call all material witnesses to testify at the hearing on the motion to suppress. (People v. Armstrong, 5 Ill.2d 471, 282 N.E.2d 712.) The rationale of the rule is to make all witnesses available for cross-examination by the defendant. See People v. Hicks, 35 Ill.2d 390, 220 N.E.2d 461, where the court rejected defendant\u2019s argument that the material witness rule had been violated when a State\u2019s Attorney, a material witness, announced at the hearing on the motion to suppress that he was available for cross-examination, but such was not done.\nSince, in the case at bar, all material witnesses testified and were available for any cross-examination defendant desired, there was no violation of the material witness rule.\nThe trial court also held that the Miranda warnings given by Detective Woith were insufficient because they did not adequately inform the defendant of his right to an attorney before questioning and that the warnings as given seemed to put the burden of obtaining an attorney on defendant.\nIn People v. Prim, 53 Ill.2d 62, 289 N.E.2d 601, the Illinois Supreme Court considered the sufficiency of admonishments. The court stated:\n\u201cWe think it is clear that when the defendant had been informed that he had a right to remain silent and didn\u2019t have to give a statement followed by the advice that he had a right to have an attorney present, he was clearly told that he had a right to have an attorney present at the contemplated interrogation and not at some future time. When defendant was further told that if he could not afford an attorney \u2018that we would get one for you\u2019 he was clearly told that an attorney would be provided at the interrogation and not at some future proceeding.\u201d 53 Ill.2d 62, 67, 289 N.E.2d 601, 604.\nIn the case at bar defendant was told, among other rights, that he had a right to the presence of an attorney before any questioning, that the court would have to appoint one if he was indigent, and that he could exercise his rights at any time.\nThis adequately informs defendant of his right to have an attorney if he so desired.\nAs the court in Prim states:\n\u201cMiranda does not specify the precise language to be used in conveying the warnings. Certainly the holding of that case does not contemplate a ritualistic recital of meaningless words. Rather it requires an intelligent conveying to the individual involved of the rights set forth in that decision. [Citations.] It would be a strained construction of the language used by the detective to say that it conveyed a meaning that an attorney would be furnished at some future time. All of the warnings related to the giving of a statement. One part thereof viewed by itself may be subject to a different interpretation but when viewed in the context of the entire discussion it can only refer to the right to have counsel provided for the defendant at the time of the interrogation.\u201d 53 Ill.2d 62. 67. 289 N.E.2d 601. 604-605.\nDefendant cites United States ex rel. Williams v. Twomey (7th Cir. 1972), 467 F.2d 1248. In that case the Seventh Circuit held that the warnings given, which partly stated that the interrogators had no way to furnish the defendant with an attorney but one would be appointed if and when defendant got to court, were insufficient.\nWe consider that case to be distinguishable. The warnings as given in that case did not inform defendant that he had an absolute right to a lawyer. In the case at bar, the police merely informed the defendant of the method by which lawyers were appointed. No qualification of defendant\u2019s right was mentioned.\nFor these reasons, the order of the circuit court of McLean County is reversed and the cause remanded for further proceedings.\nReversed and remanded.\nGREEN and. CRAVEN, JJ., concur.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Mr. PRESIDING JUSTICE SIMKINS"
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Paul R. Welch, State\u2019s Attorney, of Eloomington (John W. Foltz and G. Michael Frail, both of Illinois State\u2019s Attorneys Association, of counsel), for the People.",
      "Richard J. Wilson and Daniel D. Yuhas, both of State Appellate Defender\u2019s Office, of Springfield, for appellee."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "The People of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. John Phillip Hoffman, Defendant-Appellee.\n(No. 12773;\nFourth District\nOctober 16, 1975.\nPaul R. Welch, State\u2019s Attorney, of Eloomington (John W. Foltz and G. Michael Frail, both of Illinois State\u2019s Attorneys Association, of counsel), for the People.\nRichard J. Wilson and Daniel D. Yuhas, both of State Appellate Defender\u2019s Office, of Springfield, for appellee."
  },
  "file_name": "0785-01",
  "first_page_order": 811,
  "last_page_order": 814
}