{ "id": 4277251, "name": "RICKY D. COMPTON, on Behalf of Himself and All Others Similarly Situated, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. COUNTRY MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY, Defendant-Appellee", "name_abbreviation": "Compton v. Country Mutual Insurance", "decision_date": "2008-04-29", "docket_number": "No. 1\u201406\u20142994", "first_page": "323", "last_page": "333", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "382 Ill. App. 3d 323" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "Ill. App. Ct.", "id": 8837, "name": "Illinois Appellate Court" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 29, "name_long": "Illinois", "name": "Ill." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "862 N.E.2d 1092", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 2007, "pin_cites": [ { "parenthetical": "for class certification, the named representative of a class action must have a valid cause of action" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "371 Ill. App. 3d 682", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 4268566 ], "year": 2007, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "693", "parenthetical": "for class certification, the named representative of a class action must have a valid cause of action" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/371/0682-01" ] }, { "cite": "523 N.E.2d 1208", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1988, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "169 Ill. App. 3d 1098", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 3550988 ], "weight": 3, "year": 1988, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "1111" }, { "page": "111" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/169/1098-01" ] }, { "cite": "504 N.E.2d 132", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1987, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "152 Ill. App. 3d 58", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 3576020 ], "year": 1987, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "68" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/152/0058-01" ] }, { "cite": "708 N.E.2d 340", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1999, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "185 Ill. 2d 565", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 121981 ], "year": 1999, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "573" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/185/0565-01" ] }, { "cite": "586 N.E.2d 1211", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1992, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "146 Ill. 2d 263", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5597010 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1992, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "273" }, { "page": "273-74" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/146/0263-01" ] }, { "cite": "845 N.E.2d 689", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 2005, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "364 Ill. App. 3d 48", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 4262976 ], "year": 2005, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "61" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/364/0048-01" ] }, { "cite": "726 N.E.2d 156", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 2000, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "311 Ill. App. 3d 829", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 415322 ], "year": 2000, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "842" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/311/0829-01" ] }, { "cite": "517 N.E.2d 1107", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1991, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "213 Ill. App. 3d 242", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 2606226 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1991, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "248" }, { "page": "248" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/213/0242-01" ] }, { "cite": "747 N.E.2d 391", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 2001, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "321 Ill. App. 3d 57", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 132395 ], "year": 2001, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "65" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/321/0057-01" ] }, { "cite": "860 N.E.2d 460", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 2006, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "369 Ill. App. 3d 563", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 4267643 ], "year": 2006, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "572" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/369/0563-01" ] }, { "cite": "836 N.E.2d 678", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 2005, "pin_cites": [ { "parenthetical": "even though the plaintiff failed to provide a transcript, the court would not presume the trial court's disqualification of her attorney was in conformance with the law" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "361 Ill. App. 3d 52", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 4258836 ], "year": 2005, "pin_cites": [ { "parenthetical": "even though the plaintiff failed to provide a transcript, the court would not presume the trial court's disqualification of her attorney was in conformance with the law" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/361/0052-01" ] }, { "cite": "749 N.E.2d 958", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 2001, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "195 Ill. 2d 426", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 725351 ], "weight": 2, "year": 2001, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "433" }, { "page": "433" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/195/0426-01" ] }, { "cite": "838 N.E.2d 93", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 2005, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "361 Ill. App. 3d 1021", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 4259778 ], "weight": 2, "year": 2005, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "1030" }, { "page": "1030" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/361/1021-01" ] }, { "cite": "844 N.E.2d 49", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 2006, "pin_cites": [ { "parenthetical": "review of the denial of a motion to reconsider based only on the circuit court's application of existing law is de novo" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "363 Ill. App. 3d 407", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 5767103 ], "weight": 2, "year": 2006, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "415", "parenthetical": "review of the denial of a motion to reconsider based only on the circuit court's application of existing law is de novo" }, { "page": "415", "parenthetical": "abuse of discretion standard applied where motion to reconsider was based on a new legal theory" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/363/0407-01" ] }, { "cite": "726 N.E.2d 1", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1999, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "312 Ill. App. 3d 246", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 411629 ], "year": 1999, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "253" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/312/0246-01" ] }, { "cite": "597 N.E.2d 622", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1992, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "149 Ill. 2d 314", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5599619 ], "year": 1992, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "319" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/149/0314-01" ] }, { "cite": "770 N.E.2d 1227", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 2002, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "331 Ill. App. 3d 127", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 1209112 ], "weight": 4, "year": 2002, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "128-29" }, { "page": "130" }, { "page": "130" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/331/0127-01" ] }, { "cite": "805 N.E.2d 241", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 2004, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "346 Ill. App. 3d 564", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 3833660 ], "weight": 3, "year": 2004, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "567" }, { "page": "566" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/346/0564-01" ] }, { "cite": "723 N.E.2d 773", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1999, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "309 Ill. App. 3d 807", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 349594 ], "weight": 7, "year": 1999, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "809" }, { "page": "808-09" }, { "page": "810-11" }, { "page": "811" }, { "page": "811" }, { "page": "811" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/309/0807-01" ] }, { "cite": "619 N.E.2d 789", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1993, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "249 Ill. App. 3d 774", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 5411005 ], "year": 1993, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "778-79" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/249/0774-01" ] }, { "cite": "876 N.E.2d 156", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 2007, "pin_cites": [ { "parenthetical": "breach of contract" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "376 Ill. App. 3d 282", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 4273542 ], "year": 2007, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "286", "parenthetical": "breach of contract" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/376/0282-01" ] }, { "cite": "836 N.E.2d 681", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 2005, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "361 Ill. App. 3d 575", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 4258610 ], "weight": 7, "year": 2005, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "586" }, { "page": "586" }, { "page": "586" }, { "page": "586" }, { "page": "586" }, { "page": "588", "parenthetical": "Consumer Fraud Act" }, { "page": "586", "parenthetical": "appellate court may affirm on any ground in the record for which there is a factual basis, regardless of the trial court's reasoning" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/361/0575-01" ] }, { "cite": "725 N.E.2d 764", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 2000, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "311 Ill. App. 3d 679", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 415292 ], "weight": 2, "year": 2000, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "683", "parenthetical": "attachments to briefs not included in the record are not properly before the reviewing court and cannot be used to supplement the record" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/311/0679-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 975, "char_count": 27269, "ocr_confidence": 0.837, "pagerank": { "raw": 2.192822128582507e-07, "percentile": 0.7740080599293627 }, "sha256": "4aa92d671a52695b8d5859d25e42f8904c4ed361de61d76d37b60e6a18675459", "simhash": "1:aab53eb2ef9bacd4", "word_count": 4482 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T21:27:01.752924+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [], "parties": [ "RICKY D. COMPTON, on Behalf of Himself and All Others Similarly Situated, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. COUNTRY MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY, Defendant-Appellee." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "JUSTICE HALL\ndelivered the opinion of the court:\nThe plaintiff, Ricky Compton, filed an action against the defendant, Country Mutual Insurance Company (Country Mutual), for declaratory judgment, breach of contract and consumer fraud on behalf of himself and similarly situated individuals. In his complaint, the plaintiff maintained that Country Mutual\u2019s practice of placing liens on insurance proceeds due insureds breached its contract of insurance with its insureds and violated the Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act (Consumer Fraud Act) (815 ILCS 505/1 et seq. (West 2004)). The circuit court dismissed the plaintiffs third amended complaint and denied leave to amend. The plaintiff filed a timely notice of appeal.\nOn appeal, the plaintiff raises the following issues: (1) whether the circuit court erred when it dismissed the third amended complaint; (2) whether the circuit court erred when it refused to vacate the order of dismissal or grant reconsideration of the dismissal order; and (3) whether the circuit court erred when it denied the plaintiff\u2019s motion for leave to file an amended complaint. The pertinent factual allegations are taken from the plaintiffs third amended complaint.\nThe plaintiff was insured by Country Mutual. After being injured in an automobile accident, the plaintiff filed a claim with the defendant for medical expenses, which Country Mutual paid, \u201cat least in part.\u201d Country Mutual filed a lien with Founders Insurance Company (Founders), the tortfeasor\u2019s insurance company, \u201cto recover, inter alia, payments it made\u201d to the plaintiffs medical providers. The plaintiff settled with the tortfeasor. Pursuant to the settlement, Founders issued a check payable to the plaintiff, the plaintiffs attorney and Country Mutual.\nOn information and belief, the plaintiff alleged that Founders included Country Mutual on the check because Country Mutual previously provided it with \u201ca notice of lien on payments received by Plaintiff for, inter alia, subrogation for [Country Mutual\u2019s] medical payments on [the plaintiffs] behalf.\u201d The plaintiff further alleged that Country Mutual refused to extinguish the lien, denying the plaintiff access to funds to which he was entitled.\nAttached to the third amended complaint were the following exhibits: a copy of the check from Founders, dated August 15, 2004, in the amount of $1,050 and payable to the plaintiff, his attorney and Country Mutual; a copy of a December 18, 2002, letter from Tim Wool-len, Country Mutual\u2019s claims specialist, to Founders seeking recovery of $2,391.70 paid out by Country Mutual for property damage related to the plaintiffs accident; and certain provisions of Country Mutual\u2019s insurance policy. The language of the plaintiffs policy with Country Mutual at issue here is as follows:\n\u201c9. Our Right to Recover Payment (Subrogation).\na. If we make a payment under this policy, other than Death Benefit, Coverage C-l, and the person to or from whom payment was made has a right to recover damages, we will be subrogated to that right (have that right transferred to us). That person must do whatever is necessary to enable us to exercise our rights and must do nothing after the loss to prejudice our rights.\nb. If we make a payment under this policy, other than Death Benefit, Coverage C-l, and the person to or for whom payment was made recovers damages from another, that person must hold the proceeds of the recovery in trust for us and must reimburse us to the extent of our payment.\u201d (Emphasis in original.)\nThe plaintiff maintained that the above language did not authorize Country Mutual to place liens on the proceeds due the plaintiff and other policyholders because \u201cit is only subrogated to the right to recover medical payments from a person \u2018to whom or from whom\u2019 it made the payment.\u201d The plaintiff sought a declaration that Country Mutual\u2019s practice of imposing liens on proceeds due its insureds improperly prevented the insureds from receiving the monies due them. The plaintiff further maintained that Country Mutual\u2019s action breached the contract of insurance because the lien practice was not authorized by the policy. Finally, the plaintiff maintained that Country Mutual\u2019s lien practice violated the Consumer Fraud Act.\nCountry Mutual filed a motion to dismiss the third amended complaint pursuant to section 2 \u2014 615 of the Code of Civil Procedure (the Code) (735 ILCS 5/2 \u2014 615 (West 2004)). Country Mutual maintained that it exercised its right to reimbursement as provided for by section 9(b) of the policy, not subrogation under section 9(a) of the policy as argued by the plaintiff. Therefore, Country Mutual asserted that the plaintiff failed to state a cause of action for breach of contract or consumer fraud.\nIn his response to the motion to dismiss, the plaintiff argued that section 9(b) did not authorize reimbursement via the lien procedure utilized by Country Mutual. Under the section 9(b) reimbursement, if the insured recovered damages, the proceeds must be held in trust and repaid to the insurer to the extent of the insurer\u2019s payment. The plaintiff reasoned that he could not recover the damages because Country Mutual\u2019s lien \u201ctied up\u201d the proceeds and prevented him from holding them in trust.\nOn August 21, 2006, the circuit court dismissed the third amended complaint with prejudice. On September 28, 2006, the plaintiff filed a combined motion to vacate, or, in the alternative, to reconsider the dismissal order and for leave to file an amended complaint. On October 4, 2006, the circuit court denied the combined motion. This timely appeal followed.\nANALYSIS\nI. Section 2 \u2014 615 Dismissal\nA. Standard of Review\nThe granting of a motion to dismiss pursuant to section 2 \u2014 615 of the Code is reviewed under the de novo standard of review. Carroll v. Faust, 311 Ill. App. 3d 679, 725 N.E.2d 764 (2000).\nB. Applicable Principles\nA section 2 \u2014 615 motion to dismiss attacks the legal sufficiency of the complaint based upon defects appearing on the face of the complaint. Guinn v. Hoskins Chevrolet, 361 Ill. App. 3d 575, 586, 836 N.E.2d 681 (2005). \u201cWhen reviewing the sufficiency of a complaint, the court must accept as true all well-pleaded facts and all reasonable inferences that can be drawn from those facts.\u201d Guinn, 361 Ill. App. 3d at 586. Legal and factual conclusions, unsupported by allegations of fact, may be disregarded. Guinn, 361 Ill. App. 3d at 586. \u201cIt is the court\u2019s duty to determine, considering the allegations of the complaint in the light most favorable to the plaintiffs, whether the allegations are sufficient to state a cause of action upon which relief may be granted.\u201d Guinn, 361 Ill. App. 3d at 586. \u201cThe complaint should not be dismissed unless it is clearly apparent that the plaintiffs could prove no set of facts that would entitle them to relief.\u201d Guinn, 361 Ill. App. 3d at 586.\nC. Discussion\nThe circuit court\u2019s order dismissing the third amended complaint did not specify its reasoning for the dismissal. While the plaintiff has included a transcript of the hearing on the motion to dismiss in the appendix to his brief, the transcript is not included in the record on appeal and therefore is not properly before this court. See Carroll, 311 Ill. App. 3d at 683 (attachments to briefs not included in the record are not properly before the reviewing court and cannot be used to supplement the record). Nonetheless, both parties agree that the circuit court dismissed the case based on its finding that the plaintiff could not prove damages inasmuch as Country Mutual was entitled to the entire proceeds check issued by Founders.\nThe plaintiff contends, first, that it was error for the circuit court to conclude from the exhibits to the third amended complaint that the plaintiff could not prove damages. He further contends that at the very least there is a question of fact as to whether the amount owed to Country Mutual exceeded the proceeds from Founders.\nBoth breach of contract actions and violations of the Consumer Fraud Act require that the plaintiff allege damages. See Gore v. Indiana Insurance Co., 376 Ill. App. 3d 282, 286, 876 N.E.2d 156 (2007) (breach of contract); Guinn, 361 Ill. App. 3d at 588 (Consumer Fraud Act). In this case, the plaintiff pleaded that liens were placed against him and that he was deprived of the use of the proceeds check including the right to earn interest on the money.\n\u201c[E]xhibits attached to a complaint become part of the pleadings, and factual matters in such exhibits which are at odds with a complaint\u2019s allegations control over those conflicting allegations.\u201d Abbott v. Amoco Oil Co., 249 Ill. App. 3d 774, 778-79, 619 N.E.2d 789 (1993). The complaint acknowledged that Country Mutual had paid part of the plaintiff\u2019s medical expenses, though it failed to state an exact figure. Attached to the third amended complaint was a copy of Founders\u2019 proceeds check in the amount of $1,050.\nAlso attached was a copy of a letter from Country Mutual to Founders. The letter provided in pertinent part as follows:\n\u201cYou had sent a letter on 11/4/02 to my attention advising that you were negotiating COUNTRY Mutual Insurance subrogation interest for the property damages we paid out with our insureds attorney. *** I would appreciate an immediate reply regarding our subrogation interest recovery and settlement of the $2,391.70 in damages we submitted 10/7/02.\u201d (Emphasis added.)\nAccording to the letter, the $2,391.70 represented the amount that Country Mutual had already paid out on the property damage claim. Based on the exhibits to the third amended complaint, Country Mutual was entitled to reimbursement in excess of the amount of Founders\u2019 proceeds check and therefore the exhibits negated the plaintiff\u2019s allegations of damages.\nThe plaintiff argues that the $2,391.70 was for property damage and therefore should not be considered in calculating whether Country Mutual was owed any reimbursement from Founders\u2019 proceeds check. However, section 9(b) of the policy does not make any distinction between types of damages recovered in allowing Country Mutual to be reimbursed for payments made on behalf of its insured.\nThe plaintiff then argues that section 9(b) did not permit Country Mutual to exercise its right to reimbursement by asserting a lien with Founders. He points out that section 9(b) requires that he hold the proceeds in trust for Country Mutual and to reimburse Country Mutual. He asserts that the language does not put the insured on notice that the insurer will place a lien on the proceeds.\nIn Pearson v. Stedge, 309 Ill. App. 3d 807, 723 N.E.2d 773 (1999), the insurance policy provided that \u201c \u2018[w]hen a person has been paid damages by us under this policy and also recovers from another, the amount recovered from the other will be held by that person in trust for us and reimbursed to us to the extent of our payment.\u2019 \u201d (Emphasis in original.) Pearson, 309 Ill. App. 3d at 809. The plaintiff settled with the tortfeasor and then moved to adjudicate the medical pay subrogation lien his insurer filed for the medical expenses the insurer had paid on the plaintiffs behalf. The trial court agreed with the plaintiff that the policy did not create a subrogation lien for the medical expenses paid by the insurer. Pearson, 309 Ill. App. 3d at 808-09.\nThe reviewing court reversed. After determining that \u201cdamages\u201d included medical expenses, the court concluded that the reimbursement provision was not ambiguous, and the trial court\u2019s ruling that the policy did not create a subrogation right for the medical expenses was in error. Pearson, 309 Ill. App. 3d at 810-11.\nSubsequently, in Nesby v. Country Mutual Insurance Co., 346 Ill. App. 3d 564, 805 N.E.2d 241 (2004), the reviewing court found that the policy reimbursement language, identical to the policy reimbursement language in the present case, \u201cclearly states that if the plaintiff recovers from another, Country Mutual obtains the right to be reimbursed to the extent of its payment. It is the unambiguous language that controls, not equitable considerations.\u201d Nesby, 346 Ill. App. 3d at 567.\nThe plaintiff then argues that his third amended complaint could be read as alleging that Country Mutual asserted its right to the proceeds based on its subrogation rights under section 9(a) of the policy. The plaintiff points out that, for purposes of a section 2 \u2014 615 motion, the circuit court was required to accept the allegation as true.\nIn Pearson, the court addressed the insurer\u2019s alternative argument, whether the insurer had a right to recover from the settlement based on the following policy language: \u201c \u2018[i]f any person to or for whom we make payment under this policy has rights of recovery from another, those rights are transferred to us.\u2019 \u201d Pearson, 309 Ill. App. 3d at 811. Noting that the plaintiff had sought reimbursement of his medical expenses in his suit against the tortfeasor, the court concluded that the \u201cright to recover the medical costs is, under the plain language of the subrogation provision in the policy, transferred to [the insurer].\u201d Pearson, 309 Ill. App. 3d at 811.\nThe plaintiff relies on Garcia v. Gutierrez, 331 Ill. App. 3d 127, 770 N.E.2d 1227 (2002). In Garcia, William Garcia and his daughter, Krista, were injured in an automobile accident. Country Companies, the Garcias\u2019 insurer, paid $5,000 to the medical providers who treated Krista. The Garcias sued the tortfeasor seeking, inter alia, reimbursement for sums they paid for Krista\u2019s medical expenses. After the Garcias settled with the tortfeasor, County Companies filed a lien on the proceeds of Krista\u2019s settlement of $55,000, and the Garcias moved to adjudicate the lien. Ultimately, the circuit court held that Country Companies had no valid lien on any portion of Krista\u2019s recovery. Garcia, 331 Ill. App. 3d at 128-29.\nAt issue was the following language from the insurance policy: \u201c \u2018[i]f we make a payment *** and the person to whom or from whom payment was made *** has a right to recover damages, Country Companies is subrogated to that right\u2019 (emphasis added).\u201d Garcia, 331 Ill. App. 3d at 130. The reviewing court determined that the above-quoted language was ambiguous, explaining as follows:\n\u201cThe contract language suggests Country Companies\u2019 subrogation rights only attach to parties to whom Country Companies made payment or from whom payment was made. Such an interpretation would exclude Country Companies from subrogating an insured\u2019s recovery whenever Country Companies paid medical providers directly and would contravene the essence of subrogation. Accordingly, we hold that Country Companies had no subrogation right to recover for payments it made for Krista\u2019s medical expenses.\u201d Garcia, 331 Ill. App. 3d at 130.\nThe plaintiff\u2019s reliance on Garcia is misplaced. In the present case, Country Mutual\u2019s argument is that it has a right to reimbursement under section 9(b) whereas the language found ambiguous in Garcia was the subrogation language in section 9(a). Unlike section 9(a), section 9(b) states \u201cto or for whom.\u201d Moreover, we do not agree that Country Mutual\u2019s assertion of an interest in the proceeds recovered by the plaintiff via a lien means that it was exercising its rights exclusively under section 9(a).\nNeither Nesby nor Pearson addressed directly whether placing a lien on insurance proceeds as a means to enforce the right of reimbursement is authorized by the insurance policy. However, in Pearson, where the insurer had asserted its rights by filing a medical lien, the reviewing court held that the trial court erred when it found that the policy did not create a subrogation lien for medical expenses. Pearson, 309 Ill. App. 3d at 811. While Nesby does not mention the term \u201clien,\u201d the court noted that \u201cCountry Mutual asserted an interest in the proceeds recovered by the plaintiff.\u201d Nesby, 346 Ill. App. 3d at 566. The term \u201clien\u201d is defined as \u201c[a] legal right or interest that a creditor has in another\u2019s property, lasting usu. until a debt or duty that it secures is satisfied.\u201d Black\u2019s Law Dictionary 933 (7th ed. 1999). Even assuming that under Garcia County Mutual had no subrogation lien under section 9(a), guided by the decisions in Nesby and Pearson, we conclude that Country Mutual\u2019s use of a lien to secure its right to reimbursement was authorized by section 9(b) of the policy.\nFinally, the plaintiff argues that since the actual title of section 9 of the policy is \u201cOur Right to Recover Payment (Subrogation)\u201d (emphasis in original), both sections 9(a) and 9(b) involve subrogation. We disagree. The two subparagraphs of section 9 deal with different forms of recovery by Country Mutual. Section 9(a) specifically refers to subrogation in connection with the right to recover damages. In contrast, section 9(b) refers to reimbursement in the situation where the insured has recovered damages. Section 9(b) clearly does not involve subrogation since it does not require Country Mutual to \u201cstep into the shoes of, or be substituted for,\u201d its insured (Dix Mutual Insur ance Co. v. LaFramboise, 149 Ill. 2d 314, 319, 597 N.E.2d 622 (1992)) and look to a third party in order to assert its right to repayment. The construction of section 9 urged by the plaintiff ignores the principle that a contract should be construed as a whole and that such construction should be a natural and reasonable one. Smith v. Allstate Insurance Co., 312 Ill. App. 3d 246, 253, 726 N.E.2d 1 (1999).\nWe conclude that the third amended complaint was properly dismissed for failure to state a cause of action in that the plaintiff failed to plead a viable damages claim. The dismissal of the third amended complaint was also proper because Country Mutual\u2019s lien against the Founders\u2019 proceeds check was authorized under section 9(b) of the insurance policy. See Guinn, 361 Ill. App. 3d at 586 (appellate court may affirm on any ground in the record for which there is a factual basis, regardless of the trial court\u2019s reasoning).\nII. Denial of Motion to Vacate or Reconsider\nA. Standard of Review\nThe plaintiff asserts that the standard of review applicable to the denial of the motion to vacate or reconsider is de novo. Muhammad v. Muhammad-Rahmah, 363 Ill. App. 3d 407, 415, 844 N.E.2d 49 (2006) (review of the denial of a motion to reconsider based only on the circuit court\u2019s application of existing law is de novo). However, where the denial of a motion to reconsider is based on new matters, such as additional facts or new arguments or legal theories that were not presented during the course of the proceedings leading to the issuance of the order being challenged, the abuse of discretion standard applies. Muhammad, 363 Ill. App. 3d at 415 (abuse of discretion standard applied where motion to reconsider was based on a new legal theory).\nIn his motion to reconsider, the plaintiff alleged that he could plead facts establishing that Founders\u2019 settlement check exceeded the amount of Country Mutual\u2019s lien. Since the motion for reconsideration rested on new factual allegations, the applicable standard of review is abuse of discretion.\nB. Discussion\nThe record on appeal does not contain a transcript of the hearing on the motion for reconsideration. The circuit court\u2019s October 4, 2006, order provided that \u201cdue notice having been given and the Court having been fully advised in the premises,\u201d the plaintiff\u2019s motion was denied.\nThe appellant bears the burden of presenting a record that is adequate for a determination of the issues. In re Estate of Hayden, 361 Ill. App. 3d 1021, 1030, 838 N.E.2d 93 (2005). \u201cWhen a transcript is not included in the record on appeal, the reviewing court has no basis for holding that a trial court abused its discretion in denying the motion.\u201d Hayden, 361 Ill. App. 3d at 1030. In such cases, unless the record indicates otherwise, the reviewing court presumes that the trial court heard sufficient evidence to support its decision. Webster v. Hartman, 195 Ill. 2d 426, 433, 749 N.E.2d 958 (2001); but see Muellman-Cohen v. Brak, 361 Ill. App. 3d 52, 836 N.E.2d 678 (2005) (even though the plaintiff failed to provide a transcript, the court would not presume the trial court\u2019s disqualification of her attorney was in conformance with the law). The record in this case does not indicate otherwise.\n\u201c \u2018The intended purpose of a motion to reconsider is to bring to the court\u2019s attention newly discovered evidence, changes in the law, or errors in the court\u2019s previous application of existing law.\u2019 \u201d North River Insurance Co. v. Grinnell Mutual Reinsurance Co., 369 Ill. App. 3d 563, 572, 860 N.E.2d 460 (2006), quoting Landeros v. Equity Property & Development, 321 Ill. App. 3d 57, 65, 747 N.E.2d 391 (2001). In his motion to reconsider, the plaintiff argued that he could allege facts showing that Founders\u2019 proceeds check exceeded the amount owed to Country Mutual. However, these \u201cfacts\u201d do not qualify as \u201cnewly discovered evidence.\u201d Newly discovered evidence is evidence that was not available prior to the first hearing. Gardner v. Navistar International Transportation Corp., 213 Ill. App. 3d 242, 248, 517 N.E.2d 1107 (1991). \u201cTrial courts should not allow litigants to stand mute, lose a motion, and then frantically gather evidentiary material to show that the court erred in its ruling.\u201d Gardner, 213 Ill. App. 3d at 248. The plaintiff did not allege that he was unaware of those facts he proposed to allege.\nMoreover, the plaintiff\u2019s argument that Founders\u2019 proceeds check contains nonliened funds does not protect it from Country Mutual\u2019s reimbursement right. As previously noted, for purposes of reimbursement under the policy, it made no difference that the proceeds check was for bodily injury and Country Mutual\u2019s lien was for property damage.\nWe conclude that the denial of the motion to vacate or to reconsider was not an abuse of discretion.\nIII. Denial of Leave to File an Amended Complaint\nA. Standard of Review\n\u201cWhether to allow an amendment of a complaint is a matter within the sound discretion of the trial court, and, absent an abuse of that discretion, the court\u2019s determination will not be overturned on review.\u201d Village of Wadsworth v. Kerton, 311 Ill. App. 3d 829, 842, 726 N.E.2d 156 (2000). \u201cAn abuse of discretion will be found only where no reasonable person would take the view adopted by the trial court.\u201d Keefe-Shea Joint Venture v. City of Evanston, 364 Ill. App. 3d 48, 61, 845 N.E.2d 689 (2005).\nB. Discussion\nSection 2 \u2014 616(a) of the Code (735 ILCS 5/2 \u2014 616(a) (West 2004)) provides that at any time before final judgment, the court may permit amendments on just and reasonable terms to enable the plaintiff to sustain the claim brought in the suit. In considering whether a circuit court abused its discretion in ruling on a motion for leave to file an amended complaint, the reviewing court considers the following factors: \u201c(1) whether the proposed amendment would cure the defective pleading; (2) whether other parties would sustain prejudice or surprise by virtue of the proposed amendment; (3) whether the proposed amendment is timely; and (4) whether previous opportunities to amend the pleadings could be identified.\u201d Loyola Academy v. S&S Roof Maintenance, Inc., 146 Ill. 2d 263, 273, 586 N.E.2d 1211 (1992). Given the broad discretion a trial court exercises in ruling on motions to amend pleadings prior to final judgment, a court should not find that the denial of a motion to amend is prejudicial unless there has been a manifest abuse of discretion. Loyola Academy, 146 Ill. 2d at 273-74.\nThe above factors apply to amendments proposed prior to final judgments. After final judgment, pleadings may be amended to conform the pleadings to the proof. See 735 ILCS 5/2 \u2014 616(c) (West 2004). In this case, the circuit court dismissed the plaintiff\u2019s third amended complaint with prejudice. Where a complaint is dismissed with prejudice and does not include a statement allowing the plaintiff leave to amend, an involuntary dismissal order is final. DeLuna v. Treister, 185 Ill. 2d 565, 573, 708 N.E.2d 340 (1999). Where the trial court\u2019s dismissal of the plaintiff\u2019s third amended complaint constituted a final judgment, the plaintiff had no statutory right to amend, and the court committed no error in denying the plaintiffs postjudgment motion to vacate/motion for leave to file a fourth amended complaint. Folkers v. Drott Manufacturing Co., 152 Ill. App. 3d 58, 68, 504 N.E.2d 132 (1987).\nThe plaintiffs reliance on Ruklick v. Julius Schmid, Inc., 169 Ill. App. 3d 1098, 523 N.E.2d 1208 (1988), is misplaced. There the reviewing court acknowledged that once a final judgment of dismissal with prejudice was entered on the plaintiffs\u2019 complaint, there was no authority under section 2 \u2014 616 to allow the amendment of their complaint. However, because the judgment of dismissal was entered improperly, the court should have vacated the judgment as the plaintiffs requested, and there then would have been no impediment to allowing the filing of the amended complaint. Ruklick, 169 Ill. App. 3d at 1111. In the present case, no error occurred in the dismissal of the third amended complaint.\nEven if the application of the Loyola Academy factors was appropriate, review of this issue is hampered by the failure of the plaintiff to provide a transcript of the proceeding in which the circuit court denied leave to amend. In the absence of a transcript, we must assume that the circuit court heard sufficient evidence to support its decision, unless the record indicates otherwise. Webster, 195 Ill. 2d at 433. Again, the record does not so indicate.\nThe fourth amended complaint alleged that the plaintiffs medical expenses were $724.76 and that he settled his bodily injury claims with the tortfeasor for $1,050. The exhibit alleging the $2,391.70 in property damage was not included in the fourth amended complaint. Even in the absence of an allegation that the amount owed to Country Mutual exceeded the Founders\u2019 proceeds check, since the procedure utilized by Country Mutual to protect its reimbursement rights did not breach the insurance contract, the fourth amended complaint did not cure the defective pleading. See Rudlick, 169 Ill. App. 3d at 111 (\u201cleave to amend a complaint should be granted unless it is apparent that even after amendment no cause of action can be stated\u201d).\nWe conclude that the denial of leave to amend was not a manifest abuse of the circuit court\u2019s discretion. Since the plaintiff was unable to prove his claim, the request for class certification must fail as well. See Jensen v. Bayer AG, 371 Ill. App. 3d 682, 693, 862 N.E.2d 1092 (2007) (for class certification, the named representative of a class action must have a valid cause of action).\nThe judgment of the circuit court is affirmed.\nAffirmed.\nSOUTH and KARNEZIS, JJ., concur.", "type": "majority", "author": "JUSTICE HALL" } ], "attorneys": [ "Larry D. Drury and Han Chorowsky, both of Larry D. Drury, Ltd., of Chicago, for appellant.", "Robert H. King, Jr., of Sonnenschein Nath & Rosenthal LLP, of Chicago, for appellee." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "RICKY D. COMPTON, on Behalf of Himself and All Others Similarly Situated, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. COUNTRY MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY, Defendant-Appellee.\nFirst District (2nd Division)\nNo. 1\u201406\u20142994\nOpinion filed April 29, 2008.\nRehearing denied May 29, 2008.\nLarry D. Drury and Han Chorowsky, both of Larry D. Drury, Ltd., of Chicago, for appellant.\nRobert H. King, Jr., of Sonnenschein Nath & Rosenthal LLP, of Chicago, for appellee." }, "file_name": "0323-01", "first_page_order": 341, "last_page_order": 351 }