{ "id": 4282342, "name": "THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. SHONGO COLLIER, Defendant-Appellant", "name_abbreviation": "People v. Collier", "decision_date": "2008-12-19", "docket_number": "No. 1-07-1014", "first_page": "630", "last_page": "641", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "387 Ill. App. 3d 630" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "Ill. App. Ct.", "id": 8837, "name": "Illinois Appellate Court" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 29, "name_long": "Illinois", "name": "Ill." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "675 N.E.2d 102", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1996, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "107" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "174 Ill. 2d 410", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 223616 ], "year": 1996, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "419-20" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/174/0410-01" ] }, { "cite": "578 N.E.2d 952", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1991, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "955-56" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "143 Ill. 2d 501", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5592134 ], "year": 1991, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "510" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/143/0501-01" ] }, { "cite": "272 N.E.2d 25", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 1971, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "27" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "48 Ill. 2d 500", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 2907689 ], "year": 1971, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "504" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/48/0500-01" ] }, { "cite": "864 N.E.2d 767", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "N.E.2d", "year": 2007, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "778", "parenthetical": "affidavits used to assert ineffective assistance of counsel claim could not also be used to support a free-standing claim of actual innocence" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "371 Ill. 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SHONGO COLLIER, Defendant-Appellant." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "JUSTICE TOOMIN\ndelivered the opinion of the court:\nDefendant, Shongo Collier, appeals from an order of the circuit court of Cook County denying him leave to file a successive petition for relief under the Post-Conviction Hearing Act (Act) (725 ILCS 5/122 \u2014 1 et seq. (West 2006)). Defendant contends that the trial court erred because: (1) he presented a freestanding claim of actual innocence; and (2) the court improperly permitted input by the prosecutor during the first stage of the postconviction proceedings. Defendant also asserts that the court erred in imposing fees and costs pursuant to section 22 \u2014 105 of the Code of Civil Procedure (Code) (735 ILCS 5/22 \u2014 105 (West 2006)). He further requests that the mittimus be corrected to reflect a single conviction for the offense of first degree murder.\nFor the following reasons, we vacate the order for fees and costs, order the mittimus to be corrected and affirm the court\u2019s judgment in all other respects.\nBACKGROUND\nIn 1991, following a bench trial before Judge Howard Savage, defendant was convicted of first degree murder and sentenced to 45 years\u2019 imprisonment in the Department of Corrections. The conviction stemmed from the drive-by shooting of Keith Muldrew on November 18, 1990, at or near 7016 South Sangamon in the city of Chicago. At trial, the sole eyewitness, Terrence Franks, identified defendant as the driver and shooter. Erica Wright corroborated Franks\u2019 testimony that he left her apartment and joined up with the victim just prior to the shooting. Additionally, Tyrone Freeman testified that at 11 p.m. he had dropped off defendant at his home, thereby contradicting defendant\u2019s defense of alibi. Judgment was affirmed on direct appeal notwithstanding petitioner\u2019s claims of reasonable doubt and excessive sentence. People v. Collier, No. 1 \u2014 92\u20140598 (1995) (unpublished order under Supreme Court Rule 23).\nOn June 7, 1993, during the pendency of his direct appeal, defendant filed a pro se petition for postconviction relief. The petition alleged, inter alia, (1) illegal arrest; (2) perjury by Terrence Franks; (3) the State\u2019s manipulation of Tyrone Freeman\u2019s testimony; and (4) trial counsel\u2019s failure to properly investigate. The petition was summarily dismissed by the trial court upon a finding of res judicata or waiver. On April 18, 1995, the dismissal was affirmed. People v. Collier, No. 1 \u2014 93\u20143513 (1995) (unpublished order under Supreme Court Rule 23).\nOn August 2, 1999, private counsel filed a successive postconviction on defendant\u2019s behalf asserting a claim of actual innocence based upon newly discovered evidence. The petition incorporated affidavits of Terrence Franks and Erica Wright recanting their trial testimony. Franks now averred that he did not witness the murder and stated he had falsely identified and accused defendant at trial. Similarly, Erica now stated that she had fabricated her testimony to match that of Franks. On October 25, 1999, the trial court summarily dismissed the successive petition finding that defendant had failed to demonstrate that the proceedings on the original petition had been fundamentally deficient and that defendant\u2019s claim was barred by res judicata. On March 19, 2001, we affirmed the dismissal, holding that petitioner had failed to show diligence in obtaining the affidavits of both Franks and Wright. People v. Collier, No. 1 \u2014 99\u20144212 (2001) (unpublished order under Supreme Court Rule 23).\nOn April 26, 2005, defendant filed another pro se petition for relief, this time pursuant to section 2 \u2014 1401 of the Code (735 ILCS 5/2\u2014 1401 (West 2004)). In that petition, he asserted that his right to due process had been violated by the State\u2019s use of perjured testimony, as well as by the knowing use of testimony coerced by a key officer, Detective McWeeny. In support, he incorporated the identical affidavits of Franks and Wright that were earlier rejected in his successive petition. On June 9, 2005, the trial court by written order recharacterized the pleading as a petition for postconviction relief before summarily dismissing it as frivolous and patently without merit.\nDefendant appealed, and on respondent\u2019s motion, we remanded the matter pursuant to People v. Shellstrom, 216 Ill. 2d 45, 833 N.E.2d 863 (2005). People v. Collier, No. 1 \u2014 05\u20142432 (2006) (unpublished order pursuant to Supreme Court Rule 23). On January 18, 2007, defendant was returned to court and given his Shellstrom admonishments. On that occasion, defendant elected to have his previously filed section 2 \u2014 1401 petition treated as a successive petition for postconviction relief. Defendant requested 60 days to amend the petition, which the court allowed.\nOn March 7, 2007, defendant filed the instant petition for postconviction relief, facially captioned as \u201cNewly Discovered Evidence of Actual Innocence.\u201d In this second successive petition, he alleges that the State knowingly used perjured testimony of Tyrone Freeman, Terrence Franks and Erica Wright that had been coerced by Detective McWeeny. Defendant again incorporated the earlier affidavits of Franks and Wright, as well as Freeman\u2019s affidavit dated October 7, 2006. Freeman averred that when Detective McWeeny and Assistant State\u2019s Attorney Eileen Rubin took his statement, they directed that he change the time he dropped off defendant in such manner as to destroy defendant\u2019s defense of alibi. In a supplement to the successive petition filed March 19, 2007, defendant further asserted that trial counsel was ineffective for failing to call Preston Berry, a potential witness who would have denied that an earlier altercation took place between Muldrew and the defendant, thereby contradicting the State\u2019s \u201cmotive\u201d evidence presented at trial.\nOn March 26, 2007, the trial court rejected the claims set forth in defendant\u2019s successive petition and also granted the State\u2019s motion for fees, costs and reduction of good-time credits. The dismissal order concluded:\n\u201cThat the defendant\u2019s second successor [sic] post-conviction petition is summarily dismissed pursuant to the cause and prejudice requirements set forth in People v. Pitsonbarger, 205 Ill. 2d 444, 793 N.E.2d 600 [sic] (2002) as these allegations are frivolous and patently without merit, res judicata, and otherwise waived. See also, People v. Blair, 215 Ill. 2d 427, 831 N.E.2d 604 (2005).\u201d\nANALYSIS\n1. Dismissal of the Second Successive Petition\nWe first address defendant\u2019s contention that the trial court \u201cmisconstrued his free-standing claim of actual innocence to require compliance with the cause and prejudice test\u201d and erred in summarily dismissing the petition because defendant presented the gist of an actual innocence claim based on newly discovered evidence. Alternatively, defendant asserts that his allegations sufficed to establish the cause-and-prejudice test. In response, the State maintains that the trial court\u2019s order did not constitute a first-stage dismissal but, rather, denied defendant leave to file a second successive postconviction petition.\nWhile the trial court may impliedly have suggested a first-stage dismissal by directing that the \u201csecond successor [sic] post-conviction petition is summarily dismissed,\u201d the order nonetheless expressly states that dismissal is \u201cpursuant to the cause and prejudice requirements set forth in People v. Pitsonbarger. \u201d Although we concur in the State\u2019s position that the trial court\u2019s order denied leave to file the successive petition, our resolution of this issue is premised upon different grounds.\nA trial court\u2019s compliance with statutory procedures implicates a question of law. Accordingly, our standard of review is de novo. People v. Spivey, 377 Ill. App. 3d 146, 148, 879 N.E.2d 391, 394 (2007). Our review is of the trial court\u2019s judgment, not the reasons given for the judgment. People v. Lee, 344 Ill. App. 3d 851, 853, 801 N.E.2d 969, 972 (2003).\nThe Post-Conviction Hearing Act (Act) (725 ILCS 5/122 \u2014 1 et seq. (West 2006)) provides a means whereby criminal defendants can assert that their convictions were the result of a substantial denial of their rights under the United States Constitution, the Illinois Constitution, or both. 725 ILCS 5/122 \u2014 1(a) (West 2006); People v. Harris, 206 Ill. 2d 293, 299, 794 N.E.2d 181, 186 (2002). Postconviction relief is limited to constitutional deprivations that occurred at the original trial. People v. Coleman, 183 Ill. 2d 366, 380, 701 N.E.2d 1063, 1071 (1998).\nThe Act generally limits a defendant to the filing of but one post-conviction petition (People v. Holman, 191 Ill. 2d 204, 210, 730 N.E.2d 39, 43 (2000)) and expressly provides that any claim of substantial denial of constitutional rights not raised in the original or amended petition is waived. 725 ILCS 5/122 \u2014 3 (West 2006). Notwithstanding this procedural bar, claims in successive petitions may be reviewed when the proceedings on the original petitions are deficient in some fundamental way. People v. Britt-El, 206 Ill. 2d 331, 339, 794 N.E.2d 204, 209 (2002). Section 122 \u2014 1(f) of the Act provides the legislature\u2019s limited grant of authority for successive petitions:\n\u201cOnly one petition may be filed by a petitioner under this Article without leave of the court. Leave of court may be granted only if a petitioner demonstrates cause for his or her failure to bring the claim in his or her initial post-conviction proceedings and prejudice results from that failure.\u201d 725 ILCS 5/122 \u2014 1(f) (West 2006).\nAdoption of the cause-and-prejudice test in subsection (f) thus codifies our supreme court\u2019s holding in People v. Pitsonbarger, 205 Ill. 2d 444, 793 N.E.2d 609 (2002). Cause is defined as an objective factor, external to the defense, that impeded the defendant\u2019s effort to raise the claim in an earlier proceeding. Pitsonbarger, 205 Ill. 2d at 460, 793 N.E.2d at 621. Prejudice is defined as an error so serious that it affected the entire trial to the extent that the resulting conviction violates due process. Pitsonbarger, 205 Ill. 2d at 464, 793 N.E.2d at 624. Both requirements must be satisfied in order for the defendant to prevail. Pitsonbarger, 205 Ill. 2d at 464, 793 N.E.2d at 624.\nIn People v. LaPointe, 227 Ill. 2d 39, 879 N.E.2d 275 (2007), our supreme court held that because section 122 \u2014 1(f) \u201cexpressly conditions leave to file on the petitioner\u2019s satisfaction of the cause-and-prejudice test, a second or successive petition cannot be considered filed despite its having been previously accepted by the clerk\u2019s office.\u201d LaPointe, 227 Ill. 2d at 44, 879 N.E.2d at 278. The court thus determined that, \u201cHaving been denied leave to file the petition, LaPointe\u2019s case ended at that point without his second petition having ever been properly filed under the statute.\u201d LaPointe, 227 Ill. 2d at 44, 879 N.E.2d at 278. Accordingly, the submission of a second postconviction petition does not in itself trigger review on the merits. People v. Wyles, 383 Ill. App. 3d 271, 274, 891 N.E.2d 437, 439 (2008).\nEarlier, in People v. DeBerry, 372 Ill. App. 3d 1056, 868 N.E.2d 382 (2007), the Fourth District affirmed the dismissal of defendant\u2019s successive postconviction petition because defendant had likewise failed to comply with section 122 \u2014 1(f) by first seeking leave to file the successive petition. The court held that section 122 \u2014 1\u00ae acts as a \u201cprocedural hurdle to any such consideration that the legislature has intentionally chosen to impose regarding such petitions.\u201d DeBerry, 372 Ill. App. 3d at 1060, 868 N.E.2d at 384. A violation of the statute \u201ctrumps anything that defendant\u2019s petition may contain.\u201d DeBerry, 372 Ill. App. 3d at 1060, 868 N.E.2d at 385. See also People v. Thompson, 383 Ill. App. 3d 924, 928, 890 N.E.2d 1119, 1124 (2008).\nAn identical result obtained in People v. Spivey, where the Second District held that, in accordance with LaPointe, a defendant must obtain the trial court\u2019s express leave in order to file a second postconviction petition. The trial court\u2019s consideration of the merits of the petition cannot be construed as an implicit ruling that the defendant has met section 122 \u2014 l(f)\u2019s threshold. Spivey, 377 Ill. App. 3d at 149-50, 879 N.E.2d at 395-96. Moreover, the court further held that because section 122 \u2014 1(f) is a procedural prerequisite to obtaining review on the merits, the failure to meet the requirements of the statute means that the trial court need not, and should not, consider the merits of the petition, and the same proscription applies to the reviewing court. Spivey, 377 Ill. App. 3d at 150, 879 N.E.2d at 395-96, quoting DeBerry, 372 Ill. App. 3d at 1060, 868 N.E.2d at 384-85.\nHowever, the procedural history of this case warrants a relaxation of the bright-line rule articulated in LaPointe and other appellate court decisions. Notably, here as in People v. Smith, 383 Ill. App. 3d 1078, 892 N.E.2d 55 (2008), defendant\u2019s 2005 petition for relief was grounded on section 2 \u2014 1401 and, following recharacterization as a successive postconviction petition, was summarily dismissed. We remanded the matter pursuant to Shellstrom and after receiving his mandated admonishments, defendant elected to treat the filing as a successive petition. By granting defendant\u2019s request to amend the petition, here, as in Smith, the trial court implicitly acknowledged a request for leave to file and thus fulfilled the requirements of section 122 \u2014 l(f). Smith, 383 Ill. App. 3d at 1084, 892 N.E.2d at 62. Although we agree that the filing of a separate motion for leave to file a successive petition is the preferred mode of proceeding, given the unique circumstances presented here, the procedure did not hinder the trial court from performing its review under section 122 \u2014 1(f). See People v. Conick, 232 Ill. 2d 132, 140 n.2 (2008).\nIn the instant case, although defendant concededly failed to seek leave of court prior to filing his second successive petition, he asserts that he was not required to do so because \u201ca valid claim of actual innocence can overcome the cause and prejudice test.\u201d Although we have no disagreement with defendant\u2019s assertion that claims of actual innocence may be raised at any time, such claims are not self-executing but, rather, must be raised within the framework of an avenue providing relief. In People v. Washington, 171 Ill. 2d 475, 489, 665 N.E.2d 1330, 1336-37 (1996), our supreme court recognized that the appropriate footing in the Illinois Constitution for asserting newly discovered claims of actual innocence was under the Post-Conviction Hearing Act. Thus, while mindful of Pitsonbarger\u2019s reach, we do not subscribe to defendant\u2019s view that the mere allegation of actual innocence serves as a talisman to avert the cause-and-prejudice test. Although a showing of actual innocence may relax the bar of waiver, section 122 \u2014 1(f) nonetheless mandates that defendants seek leave of court before filing successive postconviction petitions. People v. Daniel, 379 Ill. App. 3d 748, 750, 886 N.E.2d 383, 385 (2008).\nEven assuming the merits of defendant\u2019s assertion that claims of actual innocence trump the cause-and-prejudice test, our analysis of the record within that construct lends little support to his position. Among the touchstones for judging claims of actual innocence is the requirement that the evidence adduced by the defendant must first be \u201cnewly discovered.\u201d That means it must be evidence that was not available at a defendant\u2019s trial and that he could not have discovered sooner through due diligence. The evidence must also be material and noncumulative. People v. Morgan, 212 Ill. 2d 148, 154, 817 N.E.2d 524, 527-28 (2004). In addition, it must be of such conclusive character that it would probably change the result on retrial. People v. Barrow, 195 Ill. 2d 506, 540-41, 749 N.E.2d 892, 913 (2001).\nHowever, \u201cactual innocence\u201d is not within the rubric of whether a defendant has been proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. People v. Jones, 362 Ill. App. 3d 31, 34, 839 N.E.2d 539, 542 (2005). Rather, the hallmark of \u201cactual innocence\u201d means \u201ctotal vindication,\u201d or \u201cexoneration.\u201d People v. Savory, 309 Ill. App. 3d 408, 414-15, 722 N.E.2d 220, 224-25 (1999).\nHere, defendant\u2019s claim of actual innocence necessarily fails for twofold reasons. First, as to Tyrone Freeman, the purported machinations of Detective McWeeny and Assistant State\u2019s Attorney Rubin were essentially vetted at trial as well as in defendant\u2019s first pro se postconviction petition. Although Freeman\u2019s affidavit did not materialize until the pendency of defendant\u2019s section 2 \u2014 1401 petition, precedent instructs that evidence is not newly discovered when it presents facts already known to a defendant at or prior to trial, though the source of these facts may have been unknown, unavailable or uncooperative. See People v. Moleterno, 254 Ill. App. 3d 615, 625, 627 N.E.2d 129, 136-37 (1993). As regards Terrence Franks and Erica Wright, their changing stories were likewise explored at trial. Moreover, in affirming the dismissal of defendant\u2019s first successive petition, we held that defendant had failed to show diligence in obtaining the witness\u2019s affidavits. Repackaging those allegations in support of defendant\u2019s actual innocence claim undermines any suggestion of diligence.\nSecond, as noted, the newly discovered evidence must be of such conclusive nature that it would probably change the result on retrial. Barrow, 195 Ill. 2d at 540-41, 749 N.E.2d at 913. Evidence that merely impeaches a witness will typically not be of such conclusive character as to justify postconviction relief. People v. Chew, 160 Ill. App. 3d 1082, 1086, 513 N.E.2d 1099, 1101 (1987). Here, none of the allegations of defendant\u2019s proffered affidavits go to actual innocence. At best, they merely impeach or contradict trial testimony. Given the responses of Freeman at trial, coupled with his impeachment by Assistant State\u2019s Attorney Rubin, the time discrepancies do not establish defendant\u2019s innocence but, rather, impact Freeman\u2019s credibility as a witness. Similarly, as regards Franklin and Wright, the allegations of their 1998 affidavits measured against their trial testimony address considerations of credibility that go to reasonable doubt, not actual innocence.\nFor different reasons we likewise reject the suggestion that Preston Berry\u2019s affidavit offered in support of defendant\u2019s claim of ineffective assistance of counsel comes within the rubric of actual innocence. Freestanding claims of innocence contemplate that the newly discovered evidence is not also being used to supplement the assertion of another constitutional violation with respect to the trial. Washington, 171 Ill. 2d at 479, 665 N.E.2d at 1332. Accordingly, in People v. Hobley, 182 Ill. 2d 404, 696 N.E.2d 313 (1998), our supreme court held that newly discovered evidence of a negative fingerprint report and a second gasoline can recovered from the crime scene, while supportive of defendant\u2019s Brady claim, could not also be raised as a claim of actual innocence. Hobley, 182 Ill. 2d at 444, 696 N.E.2d at 333. See also People v. Brown, 371 Ill. App. 3d 972, 984, 864 N.E.2d 767, 778 (2007) (affidavits used to assert ineffective assistance of counsel claim could not also be used to support a free-standing claim of actual innocence).\nFrom the foregoing discussion one could well conclude that defendant has employed his claims of actual innocence essentially as a vehicle to challenge the sufficiency of the evidence. However, it has long been established that reasonable doubt of a defendant\u2019s guilt is not a proper issue for a postconviction proceeding. People v. Frank, 48 Ill. 2d 500, 504, 272 N.E.2d 25, 27 (1971). Succinctly stated, it is not the purpose of the Act to redetermine guilt or innocence. People v. Eddmonds, 143 Ill. 2d 501, 510, 578 N.E.2d 952, 955-56 (1991). Here, it is inescapable that the defendant has repackaged the reasonable doubt arguments advanced at trial, on direct appeal, and collateral review and placed them upon the altar of actual innocence. Yet, a defendant may not simply offer his interpretation of the original proceedings in support of the argument that \u201cnew facts\u201d warrant reconsideration of the issue. Barrow, 195 Ill. 2d at 522, 749 N.E.2d at 903. For the foregoing reasons, we reject defendant\u2019s claim of actual innocence.\nAlternatively, defendant contends that he demonstrated cause- and-prejudice for failing to present the claims in his second postconviction petition. Although both requirements must be met (Pitsonbarger, 205 Ill. 2d at 464, 793 N.E.2d at 624), our initial focus is upon cause; that is, whether defendant has established that an objective factor, external to the defense, impeded his efforts to raise the claim in an earlier proceeding. Pitsonbarger, 205 Ill. 2d at 460, 793 N.E.2d at 621-22. Considering first defendant\u2019s perjury claim, as previously noted, the recantations of Terrence Franks and Erica Wright were considered by the court and rejected by our order affirming the dismissal of defendant\u2019s first successive postconviction petition. See People v. Collier, No. 1 \u2014 99\u20144212 (2001) (unpublished order under Supreme Court Rule 23). Similarly, the seeds of Tyrone Freeman\u2019s revelations were in early bloom as evidenced from his trial testimony and sufficiently blossomed to warrant inclusion in defendant\u2019s first pro se postconviction petition filed during the pendency of defendant\u2019s direct appeal. Finally, as regards to defendant\u2019s claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, the record clearly shows that defendant was well aware of the purported significance of Preston Berry from the time of trial onward. Trial counsel\u2019s failure to secure the attendance of Berry at trial was among the claims raised in defendant\u2019s first pro se petition, and he has failed to provide a satisfactory explanation for failing to locate Berry and secure his affidavit for some 17 years.\nWe find that defendant\u2019s failure to demonstrate cause alone provided a sufficient basis to warrant the trial court\u2019s denial of his second successive postconviction petition. Moreover, it is abundantly clear that defendant has failed to satisfy the second requirement of prejudice. Despite defendant\u2019s proffer of recanted testimony, perjury and trial counsel\u2019s ineffectiveness, defendant has failed to demonstrate that his claims so infected the entire trial that his resulting conviction violated the process. Pitsonbarger, 205 Ill. 2d at 464, 793 N.E.2d at 624. Res judicata and forfeiture likewise bar further consideration of these claims.\n2. Propriety of the State\u2019s Participation in the Proceedings\nWe next consider defendant\u2019s claim that the circuit court\u2019s reliance on the State\u2019s input at the first stage of his postconviction proceeding mandates reversal of the court\u2019s summary dismissal and a remand for further proceedings. The claim stems from the court\u2019s interaction with the prosecutor upon receipt of our 2006 order remanding the matter for compliance with Shellstrom. Defendant submits that the colloquy between the court and counsel violates the requirement of People v. Gaultney, 174 Ill. 2d 410, 419-20, 675 N.E.2d 102, 107 (1996), that at the first step of postconviction proceedings, the court must consider the defendant\u2019s petition without any input from the State. Although we share in the efficacy of Gaultney\u2019s proscription, the independent review it seeks to uphold concerns determinations of whether the petition is frivolous or is patently without merit. See 725 ILCS 5/122 \u2014 2.1(a)(2) (West 2006). We agree with the State that this rule has no application where, as here, defendant\u2019s successive petition had not yet advanced to the first stage of postconviction proceedings. Consequently, because the court had yet to docket the successive petition, it is axiomatic that there was no properly filed petition for the court to consider. See LaPointe, 227 Ill. 2d at 43-44, 879 N.E.2d at 277-78.\nAn identical claim was raised in the First District case of People v. Smith, 383 Ill. App. 3d 1078, 892 N.E.2d 55 (2008), where the input between the court and counsel likewise followed remand for Shellstrom admonishments. In Smith, as here, the colloquy embraced the proper manner of proceeding on defendant\u2019s remanded pro se section 2 \u2014 1401 petition for review. 735 ILCS 5/2 \u2014 1401 (West 2004). Discussion did not focus on the merits of defendant\u2019s claims, but rather on the nature of the proceeding and the need to writ-in the defendant from the Department of Corrections pursuant to Shellstrom\u2019s requirements. In turn, defendant appeared and following receipt of his admonishments, elected to have his section 2 \u2014 1401 petition recharacterized as a successive postconviction petition and was granted 60 days to file an amended petition. Although there was additional interplay between the court and counsel in defendant\u2019s absence on March 28, 2007, the colloquy again focused on determining the background and procedural posture of the case.\nThus, what transpired during several truncated exchanges lends no support to the claim that the court improperly permitted input by the State in resolving a decisive issue in the proceedings. Here, as in Smith, the record fails to demonstrate that the State discussed with or influenced the court in its decision to deny defendant leave to file his petition. Neither the merits of the petition nor the procedural hurdles were discussed. The colloquy between the court and the assistant State\u2019s Attorney was directed only to the procedural posture of the case and the proper method of proceeding on remand. See Smith, 383 Ill. App. 3d at 1089-90, 892 N.E.2d at 66.\n3. Court\u2019s Imposition of Sanctions\nWe next consider defendant\u2019s claim that the trial court improperly imposed sanctions against him upon a determination that his petitions were frivolous under section 22 \u2014 105 of the Code (735 ILCS 5/22 \u2014 105 (West 2006)). The sanctions included an assessment of fees and costs in the amount of $160 imposed on the instant petition, as well as on defendant\u2019s first successive petition summarily dismissed in 1999. Additionally, the court revoked 180 days of good time premised upon the filing of a frivolous petition.\nWe agree with defendant that the court did not have jurisdiction to enter the assessment for fees and costs because the appeal from his 1999 petition had long been final. Additionally, the order does not explain the basis for the $160 calculation, nor can we discern which portion applies to the 1999 petition as distinguished from the instant matter.\nMoreover, we find similarly disquieting that portion of the order revoking defendant\u2019s good-time credits. Although the court professed to act pursuant to section 3 \u2014 6\u20143(d) of the Unified Code of Corrections (730 ILCS 5/3 \u2014 6\u20143(d) (West 2006)), that statute does not vest the court with any authority to revoke good time. The procedure contemplated under the statute provides that upon notification that a court has specifically found that a motion or other paper filed by a prisoner is frivolous, the Department of Corrections is mandated to conduct a hearing upon charges against the prisoner before the Prisoner Review Board to revoke up to 180 days of good-conduct credit. For purposes of this subsection, \u201cfrivolous\u201d is defined by five separate criteria, none of which appears in the trial court\u2019s order. 730 ILCS 5/3 \u2014 6\u20143(d)(1)(A) through (d)(1)(E) (West 2006). Obviously, the court exceeded its jurisdiction in its revocation of good-time credits.\nAlthough defendant does not argue nor do we discern that statutory fees and costs could not be imposed under the prevailing statutes, that is not the situation we are called upon to address. Rather, because we find that the court acted beyond its jurisdiction and the order likewise lacks specificity, we vacate the order imposing fees and costs and revoking good-time credits.\n4. Correction of the Mittimus\nDefendant further maintains that the mittimus should be corrected to accurately state that he was convicted of a single count of first degree murder. The State concurs in that request, noting that this court may correct a mittimus and need not remand the matter to the trial court. Accordingly, the mittimus should be corrected to reflect a single conviction of first degree murder as alleged in count I of the indictment.\nCONCLUSION\nBased upon the foregoing reasons, we affirm the order of the circuit court denying defendant leave to file a second successive post-conviction petition, we vacate the order assessing fees and costs and revoking good-time credits and correct the mittimus.\nAffirmed in part and vacated in part; mittimus corrected.\nFITZGERALD SMITH, P.J., and O\u2019MARA FROSSARD, J., concur.", "type": "majority", "author": "JUSTICE TOOMIN" } ], "attorneys": [ "Patricia Unsinn and Ginger Leigh Odom, both of State Appellate Defender\u2019s Office, of Chicago, for appellant.", "Richard A. Devine, State\u2019s Attorney, of Chicago (James E. Fitzgerald, Eve Reilly, and Louis A. Crisostomo, Assistant State\u2019s Attorneys, of counsel), for the People." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. SHONGO COLLIER, Defendant-Appellant.\nFirst District (5th Division)\nNo. 1 \u2014 07\u20141014\nOpinion filed December 19, 2008.\nPatricia Unsinn and Ginger Leigh Odom, both of State Appellate Defender\u2019s Office, of Chicago, for appellant.\nRichard A. Devine, State\u2019s Attorney, of Chicago (James E. Fitzgerald, Eve Reilly, and Louis A. Crisostomo, Assistant State\u2019s Attorneys, of counsel), for the People." }, "file_name": "0630-01", "first_page_order": 646, "last_page_order": 657 }