{ "id": 4305351, "name": "ROBERT E. BENNETT, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. CHICAGO TITLE AND TRUST COMPANY, as Trustee, et al., Defendants-Appellees", "name_abbreviation": "Bennett v. Chicago Title & Trust Co.", "decision_date": "2010-09-03", "docket_number": "No. 1\u201409\u20142041", "first_page": "1088", "last_page": "1101", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "404 Ill. App. 3d 1088" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "Ill. App. Ct.", "id": 8837, "name": "Illinois Appellate Court" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 29, "name_long": "Illinois", "name": "Ill." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "383 Ill. 511", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill.", "case_ids": [ 2485228 ], "year": 1943, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "514", "parenthetical": "\"if plaintiff has no title himself, he cannot complain that there is a cloud upon the title, for the presence of such can be no concern of his\"" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill/383/0511-01" ] }, { "cite": "81 Ill. App. 3d 431", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 3228569 ], "year": 1980, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "439-40", "parenthetical": "plaintiff in possession of property could not file action to quiet title to property until she acquired title by adverse possession" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/81/0431-01" ] }, { "cite": "95 Ill. 2d 377", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 3112572 ], "year": 1983, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "382" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/95/0377-01" ] }, { "cite": "20 Ill. 2d 179", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 2736512 ], "year": 1960, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "193" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/20/0179-01" ] }, { "cite": "134 Ill. App. 3d 792", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 3636949 ], "weight": 3, "year": 1985, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "812" }, { "page": "812" }, { "page": "814-15" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/134/0792-01" ] }, { "cite": "68 Ill. 2d 502", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5810839 ], "year": 1977, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/68/0502-01" ] }, { "cite": "89 Ill. 2d 232", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5493459 ], "year": 1982, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/89/0232-01" ] }, { "cite": "325 Ill. App. 580", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App.", "case_ids": [ 4949547 ], "year": 1945, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app/325/0580-01" ] }, { "cite": "186 Ill. App. 3d 930", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 2654103 ], "year": 1989, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "935", "parenthetical": "wife's inaction in assigning her interest in securities to husband following dissolution of their marriage and prior to his death does not allow her to \"retain that which she should have transferred previously\" when required to transfer under a court-enforceable duty" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/186/0930-01" ] }, { "cite": "113 Ill. App. 3d 493", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 3627027 ], "year": 1983, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "498", "parenthetical": "\"It is a fundamental rule that one seeking equitable relief cannot take advantage of his own wrong\"" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/113/0493-01" ] }, { "cite": "367 Ill. App. 3d 559", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 4265503 ], "year": 2006, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "568", "parenthetical": "by failing to offer supporting legal authority or \"any reasoned argument,\" plaintiffs waived consideration of their argument" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/367/0559-01" ] }, { "cite": "266 Ill. App. 3d 715", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 887267 ], "year": 1994, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "723", "parenthetical": "rejecting defendant's argument that quitclaim deeds could convey a beneficial interest" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/266/0715-01" ] }, { "cite": "43 Ill. App. 3d 374", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 2725936 ], "year": 1976, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/43/0374-01" ] }, { "cite": "75 Ill. 2d 479", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 2989976 ], "year": 1979, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/75/0479-01" ] }, { "cite": "148 Ill. App. 3d 949", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. App. 3d", "case_ids": [ 3643608 ], "year": 1986, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "955", "parenthetical": "holding that the transfer of a beneficial interest in a land trust is subject to the statute of frauds" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-app-3d/148/0949-01" ] }, { "cite": "155 Ill. 2d 201", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 4810474 ], "year": 1993, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "207" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/155/0201-01" ] }, { "cite": "214 Ill. 2d 187", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 8450836 ], "year": 2005, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "193", "parenthetical": "\"[a] statute should be read as a whole and construed so that no part of it is rendered meaningless or superfluous\"" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/214/0187-01" ] }, { "cite": "226 Ill. 2d 169", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 3610512 ], "year": 2007, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "179", "parenthetical": "the use of the word \"shall\" indicates a mandatory requirement" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/226/0169-01" ] }, { "cite": "223 Ill. 2d 49", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 3604629 ], "weight": 2, "year": 2006, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "59" }, { "page": "59" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/223/0049-01" ] }, { "cite": "232 Ill. 2d 560", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 3619454 ], "year": 2009, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "565" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/232/0560-01" ] }, { "cite": "122 Ill. 2d 462", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5549613 ], "year": 1988, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "492" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/122/0462-01" ] }, { "cite": "131 Ill. 2d 273", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 5569994 ], "year": 1989, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "279-80" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/131/0273-01" ] }, { "cite": "174 Ill. 2d 335", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 223612 ], "year": 1996, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "344" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/174/0335-01" ] }, { "cite": "215 Ill. 2d 381", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 4059670 ], "weight": 3, "year": 2005, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "385" }, { "page": "385" }, { "page": "385" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/215/0381-01" ] }, { "cite": "213 Ill. 2d 433", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 8448979 ], "weight": 3, "year": 2004, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "440" }, { "page": "441" }, { "page": "440" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/213/0433-01" ] }, { "cite": "13 Ill. 2d 200", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "Ill. 2d", "case_ids": [ 2775022 ], "year": 1958, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "207" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/ill-2d/13/0200-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 954, "char_count": 30794, "ocr_confidence": 0.782, "pagerank": { "raw": 4.666970501906556e-08, "percentile": 0.2929110924999874 }, "sha256": "b2bf13ea380c903ed773c6404e2facf314cfef39f5802e6573d7ec843dcbf546", "simhash": "1:dbbe58637871b254", "word_count": 5074 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T16:58:54.131587+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [], "parties": [ "ROBERT E. BENNETT, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. CHICAGO TITLE AND TRUST COMPANY, as Trustee, et al., Defendants-Appellees." ], "opinions": [ { "text": "JUSTICE ROBERT E. GORDON\ndelivered the opinion of the court:\nPlaintiff Robert Bennett filed a pro se action for declaratory judgment and to quiet title in the circuit court of Cook County. Plaintiffs verified complaint concerns a marital home previously owned by plaintiff and his ex-wife, Maisha B.H. Bennett (Maisha). The parties established a land trust for the marital home conveying a one-third beneficial interest to each of their three children pursuant to the Illinois Uniform Transfers to Minors Act (Act) (760 ILCS 20/1 et seq. (West 1992)) and designated themselves as joint custodians. The parties\u2019 marriage was dissolved in 1994.\nPlaintiff alleges in his verified complaint that Maisha and two of their children obtained loans secured by a mortgage against the former marital home without his knowledge and between two to four years after his youngest child attained the age of 21. Defendant Chicago Title and Trust Company (Chicago Title) became the successor land trustee at the time the loans were obtained. Defendant Logan Asset Backed Fund, L.E (Logan), was the lender that issued a loan to one of the children, Karega.\nChicago Title filed a motion to dismiss plaintiffs complaint, pursuant to section 2 \u2014 615(a) of the Illinois Code of Civil Procedure (Code) (735 ILCS 5/2 \u2014 615(a) (West 2008)), claiming that plaintiff lacked standing because, under the Act, the custodianship terminated when his youngest child attained the age of 21. Logan filed a motion for judgment on the pleadings, pursuant to section 2 \u2014 615(e) of the Code (735 ILCS 5/2 \u2014 615(e) (West 2008)), also claiming that plaintiff lacked standing because his custodianship terminated when his youngest child attained the age of 21. Logan also filed an alternative motion to dismiss plaintiffs complaint, pursuant to section 2 \u2014 615(a) (735 ILCS 5/2 \u2014 615(a), (e) (West 2008)), on the same basis. Plaintiff responded that the custodianship never terminated because he never transferred the custodial property to the children after their twenty-first birthdays and that his children requested him to continue to serve as custodian of their beneficiary interests in the land trust.\nThe trial court granted Chicago Title\u2019s motion to dismiss with prejudice and Logan\u2019s motion for judgment on the pleadings. The trial court found plaintiff lacked standing because he did not have an ownership interest in the property, since his custodianship terminated when all his children attained the age of 21, and that he should have transferred the custodial property to the adult children, as required by the Act. We affirm.\nBACKGROUND\nPlaintiff\u2019s verified \u201cComplaint For Declaratory Judgment and Quiet Title\u201d contained the following allegations: On January 8, 1993, plaintiff and Maisha established a land trust agreement under trust number 116488-05 for the marital home they \u201cjointly\u201d owned, located at 4847 South Woodlawn Avenue in Chicago. The land trust agreement was established with American National Bank of Chicago as the land trustee, and at an unspecified time thereafter, LaSalle Bank became the successor land trustee (after LaSalle Bank acquired American National Bank).\nPursuant to the Act, the land trust conveyed a one-third beneficial interest to the parties\u2019 three minor children and designated plaintiff and Maisha as joint custodians.\nIn September 1993, Maisha filed a complaint for the dissolution of the parties\u2019 marriage. Plaintiff alleges in his verified complaint that, as part of an oral agreement between the parties, plaintiff could continue to reside in the marital home following the dissolution, so long as he paid the mortgage, paid all debts associated with the property, and maintained the property in good condition.\nTen years later, in November 2003, Ayinde, the parties\u2019 youngest child, celebrated his twenty-first birthday, and plaintiff continued to reside in the former marital home. Plaintiff admits in his verified complaint that he never transferred the custodial property after all his children attained the age of 21 as required under section 21 of the Act.\nPlaintiff\u2019s verified complaint also alleges the following: In 2005, Maisha caused the preparation of three \u201cDirections to Convey\u201d the former marital home out of the land trust to herself, one for each of her three children in 2005. Only two of the alleged three directions to convey documents are included in the record, namely, the ones allegedly executed by Kinshasa and Karega. The children\u2019s signatures on the directions to convey were forged and Maisha committed fraud in producing them. In August 2005, LaSalle Bank, as successor trustee, issued a trustee\u2019s deed for the former marital home to Maisha. Approximately a month later, Maisha obtained two loans from Community Bank of Lawndale (Community Bank), for a total loan of $400,000. Maisha secured the loan by executing a mortgage to Community Bank on the former marital home. Approximately three months later, Maisha defaulted on the Community Bank loan. Maisha executed a deed in trust and reconveyed the title to the former marital home to the same land trust number, 116488-05 in February 2006. Plaintiff alleges that he had no knowledge of any of these transactions.\nPlaintiffs verified complaint further alleges as follows: Community Bank filed a mortgage foreclosure against Maisha in August 2006. Karega and Ayinde obtained a loan for $950,000 from Eastern Savings Bank (Eastern Bank) in March 2007 and secured the loan with a mortgage to Community Bank on the former marital home. Karega and Ayinde paid the balance on Maisha\u2019s loan from Community Bank out of the proceeds. Karega obtained a loan in the amount of $1,235,000 from Logan and secured the loan with a mortgage to Logan on the former marital home in November 2007. Karega paid the balance of the $950,000 Eastern Bank loan from the proceeds.\nIn plaintiffs pro se one-count verified complaint, plaintiff seeks a determination that: (1) he remain in possession of the former marital home; (2) the transfer of title of the former marital home from LaSalle Bank to Maisha was fraudulent; (3) Maisha fraudulently obtained loans from Community Bank, secured by the former marital home; (4) Chicago Title, as land trustee, was negligent in its transfer of title to Maisha; (5) Chicago Title\u2019s termination of plaintiff as joint custodian of the children was negligent; (6) Karega\u2019s and Ayinde\u2019s exercise of authority and direction of the land trust agreement was improper; and (7) Logan\u2019s mortgage was improperly authorized and executed.\nOn October 28, 2008, Chicago Title filed a motion to dismiss plaintiffs verified complaint pursuant to section 2 \u2014 615(a) of the Code (735 ILCS 5/2 \u2014 615(a) (West 2008)), claiming that plaintiffs verified complaint should be dismissed for lack of standing because: (1) the beneficiary interest qualified as \u201can interest in real estate\u201d under section 21(b) of the Act so that the custodianship terminated when his youngest child attained the age of 21 by operation of law and no transfer of the custodial property was necessary to complete the termination, and thus, plaintiff had no ownership interest in the former marital home when the loan transactions occurred; and (2) under section 17 of the Act, a land trustee is exempt from liability from acts of a custodian conducted in its capacity as custodian.\nOn November 24, 2008, Logan filed a motion for a judgment on the pleadings, pursuant to section 2 \u2014 615(e) of the Code (735 ILCS 5/2 \u2014 615(e) (West 2008)), or in the alternative, a motion to dismiss plaintiffs verified complaint, pursuant to section 2 \u2014 615(a) of the Code (735 ILCS 5/2 \u2014 615(a) (West 2008)), claiming that: (1) the beneficiary interest qualified as \u201can interest in real estate\u201d under section 21(b) of the Act so that the custodianship terminated when his youngest child attained the age of 21 by operation of law and no transfer of the custodial property was necessary to complete the termination, and thus, plaintiff had no ownership interest in the former marital home when Logan issued the loan; and (2) as a mortgagee, Logan was entitled to rely on the authority of the land trustee in executing mortgage documents and had no duty to determine whether the land trustee had the proper authorization to proceed with the transaction.\nOn March 4, 2009, plaintiff filed a response to both motions. In his response, plaintiff claims that he has standing because he \u201cremains the custodian of the beneficial interest in the land trust until an appropriate transfer of the beneficial interest is made.\u201d He also claims that the fraudulent conveyances by Maisha and two of their children or the negligent conduct of Chicago Title, or its predecessor land trustees, did not terminate his custodianship.\nOn April 2, 2009, the trial court heard arguments on defendants\u2019 motions. On May 4, 2009, the trial court made the following findings:\n\u201c[T]he court finds that the [plaintiff] does not have an ownership interest in the property. He is not a beneficiary of the land trust, nor does he have a right to assert a custodianship in the property under the [Act] since his children are no longer minors.\nIn fact, his custodianship of the power of direction of the land trust should have been transferred in an appropriate manner to the minors pursuant to section 21(a) of the [Act] as determination [sic] of custodianship, and that transfer should have occurred when they became adults.\nThis property here is the beneficial interest in a land trust, and therefore an appropriate manner would be utilized.\nSo, accordingly, the plaintiff does not have an ownership interest in the property for the purposes of standing to pursue his complaint *** if any complaint is to be made against [Chicago Title] regarding anything they did after the children became adults, those would be claims that the children would make.\nHowever, the children are still defendants in this suit, and any further actions *** that the plaintiff might have regarding his right to possession of the property *** is between him and his children.\u201d\nThe trial court granted Chicago Title\u2019s motion to dismiss with prejudice and Logan\u2019s motion for judgment on the pleadings.\nThis appeal followed.\nANALYSIS\nOn appeal, plaintiff claims that the trial court erred in granting Chicago Title\u2019s motion to dismiss and Logan\u2019s motion for judgment on the pleadings (735 ILCS 5/2 \u2014 615(a), (e) (West 2008)).\nJurisdiction\nWe have jurisdiction of this appeal because the order appealed from is a final order. Illinois Supreme Court Rule 304(a) provides that \u201can appeal may be taken from a final [order] as to one or more but fewer than all of the parties or claims only if the trial court has made an express written finding that there is no just reason for delaying either enforcement or appeal\u201d or both. 134 Ill. 2d R. 304(a). An order is \u201cfinal\u201d if it either terminates the litigation between the parties on the merits or disposes of the rights of the parties either on the entire controversy or on a separate and definite part of it. Ariola v. Nigro, 13 Ill. 2d 200, 207 (1958).\nIn the case at bar, the trial court entered an order dismissing plaintiffs verified complaint for declaratory action and to quiet title with prejudice as to defendant Chicago Title and granted Logan\u2019s motion for judgment on the pleadings. Maisha and plaintiffs children, Karega and Ayinde, are still parties to the verified complaint but are not parties to this appeal, and the consolidated forcible entry and detainer action has not yet been adjudicated. In its order, the trial court found that \u201cthere is no just reason for delaying enforcement or appeal of this order, pursuant to Illinois Supreme Court Rule 304(a).\u201d\nPlaintiff filed a motion to reconsider on June 1, 2009, and the trial court denied the motion to reconsider on July 1, 2009. Plaintiff timely filed a notice of appeal on July 31, 2009. Accordingly, this court has jurisdiction to decide this appeal.\nStandard of Review\nA motion to dismiss brought under section 2 \u2014 615(a) of the Code (735 ILCS 5/2 \u2014 615(a) (West 2008)) challenges the legal sufficiency of the complaint by showing defects on its face. Young v. Bryco Arms, 213 Ill. 2d 433, 440 (2004). A motion for judgment on the pleadings brought under section 2 \u2014 615(e) of the Code (735 ILCS 5/2 \u2014 615(e) (West 2008)) is proper where the pleadings disclose no genuine issue of material fact and that the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Gillen v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co., 215 Ill. 2d 381, 385 (2005). \u201cAny party may seasonably move for judgment on the pleadings.\u201d 735 ILCS 5/2 \u2014 615(e) (West 2008).\nIn making a determination on either motion, all well-pleaded facts in the complaint, and all reasonable inferences that may be drawn from those facts are taken as true, and we construe the allegations in the complaint in a light most favorable to plaintiff. Young, 213 Ill. 2d at 441; Gillen, 215 Ill. 2d at 385. We review de novo an order granting a section 2 \u2014 615(a) motion to dismiss and a section 2 \u2014 615(e) motion for judgment on the pleadings. Young, 213 Ill. 2d at 440; Gillen, 215 Ill. 2d at 385.\nIn granting the section 2 \u2014 615 motions, the trial court found that plaintiff lacked standing to bring his action for declaratory judgment and to quiet title. \u201cThe doctrine of standing requires that a party, either in an individual or representative capacity, have a real interest in the action brought and in its outcome.\u201d In re Estate of Wellman, 174 Ill. 2d 335, 344 (1996). The purpose of standing is to ensure that courts are deciding actual, specific controversies and not abstract questions or moot issues. In re Marriage of Rodriguez, 131 Ill. 2d 273, 279-80 (1989). In Illinois, standing requires only some injury in fact to a legally cognizable interest. Greer v. Illinois Housing Development Authority, 122 Ill. 2d 462, 492 (1988).\nTermination and Transfer of Custodianship Under the Act\nFirst, plaintiff claims that he has standing to bring his action for declaratory judgment and to quiet title in his custodial capacity over the beneficial interest in the land trust because he never transferred the custodial property to his children and that his children requested him to continue to serve as their custodian. To determine whether plaintiff maintained his status and rights as a custodian over the beneficial interest in the land trust requires us to construe provisions of the Act.\nWhen construing a statute, our \u201c \u2018primary objective *** is to ascertain and give effect to the intent of the legislature.\u2019 \u201d MidAmerica Bank, FSB v. Charter One Bank, FSB, 232 Ill. 2d 560, 565 (2009), quoting DeLuna v. Burciaga, 223 Ill. 2d 49, 59 (2006). The plain and ordinary language of the statute is the most reliable indication of legislative intent. DeLuna, 223 Ill. 2d at 59.\nSection 21 of the Act (760 ILCS 20/21 (West 2008)), entitled \u201cTermination of Custodianship,\u201d provides as follows:\n\u201c(a) The custodian shall transfer in an appropriate manner the custodial property (to the extent that it has not been used pursuant to this Act) to the minor or to the minor\u2019s estate upon the earlier of:\n(1) the minor\u2019s attainment of 21 years of age with respect to custodial property transferred [by irrevocable gift] ***;\n(2) the minor\u2019s attainment of the age of majority under the laws of this State other than this Act ***;\n(3) the minor\u2019s death.\n(b) To the extent the custodial property is real property or an interest in real property, no conveyance or delivery to the minor or the minor\u2019s estate is necessary to terminate the powers or rights of the custodian upon the minor\u2019s attainment of age 21 or 18 years, as the case may be, or upon the minor\u2019s death.\u201d\nWe find plaintiff\u2019s argument not persuasive. The plain and ordinary language of section 21 of the Act anticipates that the custodial relationship between a custodian and a minor will terminate upon the condition of the earlier of three events, all of which concern the minor. By definition, a \u201cminor\u201d means an individual who has not attained the age of 21. 760 ILCS 20/2(12) (West 2008). Once the earlier of those conditions is met, it is then mandatory that a custodian transfer the custodial property to the minor \u201cin an appropriate manner,\u201d if the custodial property does not concern real estate or an interest in real property. 760 ILCS 20/21(a) (West 2008); see Ultsch v. Illinois Municipal Retirement Fund, 226 Ill. 2d 169, 179 (2007) (the use of the word \u201cshall\u201d indicates a mandatory requirement). If the custodial property concerns real estate or an interest in real property, then \u201cno conveyance or delivery to the minor\u201d is required. 760 ILCS 20/21(b) (West 2008).\nIn the case at bar, the trial court found that plaintiffs custodianship terminated as to each child when that child attained the age of 21, and section 21(a) applied so that plaintiff was then required to transfer the beneficial interest in the land trust to his children in an appropriate manner.\nIn determining that section 21(a) applied, the trial court rejected defendants\u2019 argument that beneficial interests in a land trust is \u201can interest in real property\u201d so that section 21(b) should apply and no transfer of custodial property is required. The trial court found that section 21(b) did not apply because the Act considered \u201creal estate or interests therein\u201d and \u201cbeneficial interests in land trusts\u201d separately in the creation and transfer of custodial property. See 760 ILCS 20/ 10(a)(5), (a)(7) (West 2006). We agree with the trial court.\nDefendants\u2019 interpretation that \u201cbeneficial interest in land trust\u201d should be considered \u201cinterest in real property\u201d for termination purposes, but not for creation and transfer purposes, would render section 10(a)(7) meaningless and superfluous. See People v. Jones, 214 Ill. 2d 187, 193 (2005) (\u201c[a] statute should be read as a whole and construed so that no part of it is rendered meaningless or superfluous\u201d). Moreover, it is well settled law in Illinois that the beneficiary of a land trust holds an interest in personal property. See 765 ILCS 405/1 (West 2006); Klein v. La Salle National Bank, 155 Ill. 2d 201, 207 (1993).\nDefendants further argue that section 21(b) should apply because Illinois courts have recognized that a beneficiary of a land trust is the owner of and may have \u201can interest in the real estate res *** for some purposes.\u201d IMM Acceptance Corp. v. First National Bank & Trust Co. of Evanston, 148 Ill. App. 3d 949, 955 (1986) (holding that the transfer of a beneficial interest in a land trust is subject to the statute of frauds). Defendants cite People v. Chicago Title & Trust Co., 75 Ill. 2d 479 (1979), where our supreme court held that a beneficiary of a land trust is the \u201cowner\u201d of the real estate for purposes of real estate taxation. Defendants also cite Department of Conservation v. Franzen, 43 Ill. App. 3d 374 (1976), where the Second District of the Illinois Appellate Court held that a beneficiary of a land trust had an \u201cinterest in property\u201d for purposes of filing a cross-petition in an eminent domain proceeding.\nWe find defendants\u2019 argument not persuasive for two reasons. First, we have declined to extend the proposition that a land trust beneficiary has an \u201cinterest in the real estate res of [the] land trust for some purposes\u201d beyond cases involving statute of frauds, real estate taxation and an eminent domain proceeding. In re Estate of Crooks, 266 Ill. App. 3d 715, 723 (1994) (rejecting defendant\u2019s argument that quitclaim deeds could convey a beneficial interest). Second, even if we concluded that a beneficiary has an interest in real estate for purposes of terminating a custodianship under the Act, the redundancy of section 10(a)(7), as previously noted, would still remain. Thus, the trial court properly found that section 21(b) did not apply here.\nPlaintiff claims that his custodianship never terminated because he never transferred the custodial property to his children. Plaintiff further claims that his reason for not transferring the custodial property was because his children requested that he retain his custodianship over their beneficial interests in the land trust after they attained the age of 21.\nPlaintiff argues that his children\u2019s intent that he remain as custodian is shown through their Illinois driver\u2019s licenses recording their residence as the former marital home and that they stayed at the former marital home during holidays. Yet, he does not explain how recording the address of the former marital home in which they have a beneficial interest or visiting the former marital home in which they have a beneficial interest shows their intent to have plaintiff continue to serve as custodian over their beneficial interests in the land trust.\nMoreover, the evidence in the record shows that his children acted in their capacity as beneficiaries of the land trust and adverse to plaintiffs interests by participating and obtaining loans and executing mortgage documents, as well as participating in attempting to obtain possession of the property under a forcible entry and detainer action. This contradicts his argument that the children requested him to continue to serve as custodian. Plaintiff admitted in his appellate brief, Karega and Ayinde secured loans with a mortgage on the former marital home without his knowledge. Plaintiff alleged in his verified complaint that Karega commenced a forcible entry and detainer action against him.\nPlaintiff has also not provided us with any authority to support his claim that a custodianship does not terminate after a minor attains the age of 21 or that a custodianship may continue, after the minor attains the age of 21, upon the minor\u2019s request. Points raised but not supported with authority in a party\u2019s brief are deemed waived. Roiser v. Cascade Mountain, Inc., 367 Ill. App. 3d 559, 568 (2006) (by failing to offer supporting legal authority or \u201cany reasoned argument,\u201d plaintiffs waived consideration of their argument).\nWe find plaintiff\u2019s argument, that the custodianship never terminated because he did not transfer the custodial property, not persuasive. Under section 21(a) of the Act, it is mandatory for plaintiff, as custodian, to transfer the custodial property to his children as each of them attains the age of 21. Plaintiff attempts to take advantage of his unauthorized possession of the custodial property to have standing to bring his claims where he would otherwise have none. Ellis v. Photo America Corp., 113 Ill. App. 3d 493, 498 (1983) (\u201cIt is a fundamental rule that one seeking equitable relief cannot take advantage of his own wrong\u201d). As a result, courts will not recognize the standing of a custodian from his unauthorized possession of property derived from the retention of possession over property rights which the litigant is required to transfer. That such standing derived from the failure to transfer fails particularly where the action taken is directed against those who are the proper transferees and the beneficiaries of the litigant\u2019s custodial interest. Thus, the trial court properly found plaintiff lacked standing when, through his own inaction, plaintiff attempted to retain rights in the custodial property that he was required to transfer. See, e.g., Estate of Dompke v. Dompke, 186 Ill. App. 3d 930, 935 (1989) (wife\u2019s inaction in assigning her interest in securities to husband following dissolution of their marriage and prior to his death does not allow her to \u201cretain that which she should have transferred previously\u201d when required to transfer under a court-enforceable duty).\nAs previously noted, section 21 of the Act anticipates that the custodial relationship between a custodian and a minor will terminate upon the condition of the earlier of three events, including when the minor attains the age of 21. Here, plaintiff\u2019s rights, powers, and authority as custodian over the beneficial interests in the land trust was terminated as to each child when that child attained the age of 21. Plaintiffs youngest child, Ayinde, attained the age of 21 in 2003, and the loan transactions and title conveyance that plaintiff complains of occurred between two and four years later. Thus, the trial court properly found plaintiff had no recognizable custodianship or ownership interest in the beneficial interest in the land trust and, as a result, lacked recognizable standing to bring his claims.\nChicago Title\u2019s Liability for Negligent Conduct\nNext, plaintiff claims that Chicago Title, as successor trustee, is liable for the negligent conduct of the predecessor trustee, LaSalle Bank, which acted negligently in its administration of the title held in the land trust when it conveyed the title from the land trust to Maisha in 2005 and allowed the children to secure a loan from Logan on the former marital home in 2007.\nPlaintiff cites cases to show that a land trustee exposes itself to liability to the beneficiary of the land trust when it acts negligently in its general duties as a trustee and its specific duties under the land trust agreement. See, e.g., Falstrom v. Spencer Corp., 325 Ill. App. 580 (1945); Home Federal Savings & Loan Ass\u2019n v. Zarkin, 89 Ill. 2d 232 (1982); Stuart v. Continental Illinois National Bank & Trust Co., 68 Ill. 2d 502 (1977). Again, plaintiff claims that he has standing to bring this claim, in his capacity as custodian over the land trust, because he never transferred the custodial property to his children.\nAs previously noted, plaintiffs custodianship terminated in 2003 when plaintiffs youngest child attained the age of 21, and plaintiffs failure to transfer the property did not prevent the custodianship from terminating. The alleged negligent conduct occurred in 2005, two years after plaintiffs custodianship terminated. Thus, the trial court properly found that plaintiff lacked standing to bring this claim.\nStanding to Pursue an Action to Quiet Title\nLast, plaintiff claims that he stated a cause of action against Logan because he has standing to pursue a cause of action to quiet title. He claims that: (1) he never transferred the custodial property and thus his custodianship was not terminated; (2) Maisha\u2019s alleged \u201cforgery and fraud\u201d concerning the directions to convey the title in the former marital home did not terminate his custodianship; and (3) for 23 years, he has had possession of the former marital home, which is the subject property in his action to quiet title.\nFirst, as previously noted, plaintiffs custodianship terminated in 2003 when plaintiff\u2019s youngest child attained the age of 21, and plaintiff\u2019s failure to transfer the property did not prevent the custodianship from terminating. Karega secured the loan with a mortgage to Logan on the former marital home in 2007, four years after plaintiffs custodianship terminated.\nSecond, Maisha\u2019s alleged \u201cforgery and fraud\u201d concerning the directions to convey title occurred in 2005 and thus had no effect on plaintiffs custodianship, which terminated in 2003.\nThird, plaintiffs claim that his possession of the former marital home is enough to allow him to file an action to quiet title against Logan is not persuasive. Plaintiff cites Lakeview Trust & Savings Bank v. Estrada, 134 Ill. App. 3d 792, 812 (1985), for the proposition that a plaintiff suing to quiet title must be in possession of the property. However, in Estrada, we also stated that \u201c \u2018it is a fundamental requirement in an action to quiet title *** that the plaintiff must recover on the strength of his own title, although it is not required that a perfect title be established.\u2019 \u201d Estrada, 134 Ill. App. 3d at 812, quoting Reynolds v. Burns, 20 Ill. 2d 179, 193 (1960).\nIn Estrada, a land trustee filed an action seeking to enforce a prior trial court order quieting title to real property in favor of the land trustee. A corporation in possession of the property sought to intervene on the land trustee\u2019s action to quiet title. We found that the corporation was a necessary and indispensable party to the land trustee\u2019s action because the corporation was not only in possession of the property, but the evidence in the record showed that the corporation had executed a mortgage on the property and claimed that its ownership interest in the property should have been in the chain of title, but the corporation name was inadvertently misspelled on the warranty deed. Estrada, 134 Ill. App. 3d at 814-15.\nHere, although plaintiff is in possession of the former marital home, plaintiff admits in his appellate brief that he does not hold title to the property. The trustee holds both legal and equitable title in a land trust. In re Estate of Alpert, 95 Ill. 2d 377, 382 (1983). As previously noted, plaintiff has no interest in the land trust as a custodian because his custodianship terminated in 2003, when his youngest child attained the age of 21. The mortgage to Logan on the former marital home, that plaintiff complains of, occurred in 2007. Without more than possession, plaintiff lacks standing to file his action to quiet title. See Klingel v. Kehrer, 81 Ill. App. 3d 431, 439-40 (1980) (plaintiff in possession of property could not file action to quiet title to property until she acquired title by adverse possession); Ford v. Witwer, 383 Ill. 511, 514 (1943) (\u201cif plaintiff has no title himself, he cannot complain that there is a cloud upon the title, for the presence of such can be no concern of his\u201d).\nIn sum, plaintiffs custodianship was terminated as to each child when that child attained the age of 21. Plaintiff\u2019s youngest child, Ayinde, attained the age of 21 in 2003 and all of plaintiffs claims occurred between two and four years after his custodianship ended. As the trial court found, plaintiff lacked standing to bring his claims. Therefore, we find that the trial court properly granted Chicago Title\u2019s section 2 \u2014 615(a) motion to dismiss and Logan\u2019s section 2 \u2014 615(e) motion for judgment on the pleadings.\nCONCLUSION\nFor the foregoing reasons, we affirm the circuit court of Cook County in granting Chicago Title\u2019s motion to dismiss and Logan\u2019s motion for judgment on the pleadings.\nAffirmed.\nCAHILL, EJ., and J. GORDON, J., concur.\nThe mortgage foreclosure action is not included in the record.", "type": "majority", "author": "JUSTICE ROBERT E. GORDON" } ], "attorneys": [ "Robert E. Bennett, of Chicago, appellant pro se.", "Elizabeth M. Dillon and Kristine S. Phillips, both of O\u2019Hagan Spencer LLC, of Chicago, for appellee Chicago Title & Trust Co.", "J. Michael Williams and Amy E. Bullock, both of Cohon Raizes & Regal, LLP of Chicago, for appellee Logan Asset Backed Fund, L.E" ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "ROBERT E. BENNETT, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. CHICAGO TITLE AND TRUST COMPANY, as Trustee, et al., Defendants-Appellees.\nFirst District (6th Division)\nNo. 1\u201409\u20142041\nOpinion filed September 3, 2010.\nRehearing denied November 2, 2010.\nRobert E. Bennett, of Chicago, appellant pro se.\nElizabeth M. Dillon and Kristine S. Phillips, both of O\u2019Hagan Spencer LLC, of Chicago, for appellee Chicago Title & Trust Co.\nJ. Michael Williams and Amy E. Bullock, both of Cohon Raizes & Regal, LLP of Chicago, for appellee Logan Asset Backed Fund, L.E" }, "file_name": "1088-01", "first_page_order": 1104, "last_page_order": 1117 }