{
  "id": 92914,
  "name": "Michael Jacobson and Alvin Miller, Individually and as class representatives, Claimants, v. The State of Illinois, Respondent",
  "name_abbreviation": "Jacobson v. State",
  "decision_date": "2000-10-31",
  "docket_number": "No. 94-CC-3244",
  "first_page": "125",
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    "id": 8793,
    "name": "Illinois Court of Claims"
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T21:18:04.556911+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
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  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "Michael Jacobson and Alvin Miller, Individually and as class representatives, Claimants, v. The State of Illinois, Respondent."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "OPINION\nRaucci, C.J.\nThis cause comes before the Court on a claim by Claimants for damages for income and employment benefits they lost when removed from tenured positions as school principals. Claimants allege that they represent a class of individuals who were unlawfully removed from their tenured positions with the Chicago Public School System following the Illinois Legislatures enactment of Public Act 85-1418. The Illinois Supreme Court in Fumarolo v. Chicago Board of Education (1990), 142 Ill. 2d 54, 566 N.E.2d 1283 later found Public Act 85-1418 unconstitutional.\nWe note that Claimants, and the purported class they seek to represent, allege that Public Act 85-1418 established elected school councils at each attendance center in the Chicago Public School System, and that each local school council could choose not to retain its existing principal for any reason. The Claimants allege that, prior to the effective date of Public Act 85-1418, a principal who successfully completed a probationary period of three years to earn tenure as a principal could not be removed except for cause, and then only after a full hearing. Claimants allege that they had tenure and were removed from their positions as principals pursuant to the provisions of Public Act 85-1418.\nThe State has filed a motion to dismiss claimants complaint. The State asserts that the Claimants have failed to state a cause of action against the Respondent. The State provides that it never entered into a contract with the Claimants. Therefore, the Court has no jurisdiction to hear this matter in accordance with section 8 of the Court of Claims Act. 705 ILCS 505/8.\nThe Claimants claim the language in Public Act 85-1418 which provided in part: \u201c[a]ll persons serving as principal * * # shall be deemed by operation of law to be serving under a performance contract which expires on June 30,1990. * s is operative in determining this Courts jurisdiction. Claimants claim the unconstitutional provisions by \u201coperation of law\u201d terminated Claimants\u2019 employment on June 30, 1990, when the Claimants had rights to continued employment that were not validly repealed.\nThe State relies on Pittman v. Chicago Board of Education (1995), 64 F. 3d 1098, 1104, which found:\n\u201cIf tenure for principals were a term in a contract between the principals and the board of education, the state could not abrogate the term without a greater showing of justification than has been attempted. It is not a term in a contract. It is a term in a statute, and a statute is presumed not to create contractual rights.\"\nThe Court in Pittman further held that \u201cThe only way the state can commit itself is by mating a contract, and Illinois has signally failed to do that with these public school principals. To treat statutes as contracts would enormously curtail the operation of democratic government.\u201d Id. at 1104.\nIn Fumarolo v. Chicago Board of Education (1990), 142 Ill. 2d 54, 105, 566 N.E.2d 1283,153 Ill. Dec. 177, the Court found that \u201cthere is no indication in the statute or in our State law that the legislature intended to create vested contractual rights through enactment of the statute.\u201d The Court further held that \u201cThe legislature must be free to exercise its constitutional authority without concern that each time a public policy is expressed contractual rights may thereby be created.\u201d Id. at 106.\nThis Court lacks jurisdiction over claims not brought in accordance with section 8 of the Court of Claims Act. Based on the foregoing, the Claimants\u2019 claim fails to allege a contract entered with the State of Illinois. The Public Act did not create a contract between the Claimants and the State of Illinois. Therefore, we are constrained to dismiss this claim.\nIt is therefore ordered, adjudged and decreed that this claim is dismissed with prejudice.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Raucci, C.J."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Ice, Miller, Donadio & Ryan (John F. Donahue, of counsel), for Claimants.",
      "Jim Ryan, Attorney General (Francis L. Ostian, Assistant Attorney General, of counsel), for Respondent."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "(No. 94-CC-3244\nMichael Jacobson and Alvin Miller, Individually and as class representatives, Claimants, v. The State of Illinois, Respondent.\nOpinion filed October 31, 2000.\nIce, Miller, Donadio & Ryan (John F. Donahue, of counsel), for Claimants.\nJim Ryan, Attorney General (Francis L. Ostian, Assistant Attorney General, of counsel), for Respondent."
  },
  "file_name": "0125-01",
  "first_page_order": 313,
  "last_page_order": 315
}