{
  "id": 5236118,
  "name": "The Town of Collinsville v. Lewis W. Scanland",
  "name_abbreviation": "Town of Collinsville v. Scanland",
  "decision_date": "1871-01",
  "docket_number": "",
  "first_page": "221",
  "last_page": "226",
  "citations": [
    {
      "type": "official",
      "cite": "58 Ill. 221"
    }
  ],
  "court": {
    "name_abbreviation": "Ill.",
    "id": 8772,
    "name": "Illinois Supreme Court"
  },
  "jurisdiction": {
    "id": 29,
    "name_long": "Illinois",
    "name": "Ill."
  },
  "cites_to": [],
  "analysis": {
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    "pagerank": {
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    "simhash": "1:97b22ce440bc1794",
    "word_count": 1658
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T20:15:34.935712+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
  },
  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "The Town of Collinsville v. Lewis W. Scanland."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Mr. Justice Sheldon\ndelivered the opinion of the Court:\nThis was a suit to recover a penalty for violating an ordinance of the town of Collinsville, in suffering hogs to run at large, within the corporate limits of said town, on the 12th day of June, 1870.\nThe defendant was found not guilty, and the town took this appeal.\nThe following are the sections of the town ordinance bearing upon the subject:\n\u201cSec. 1. That, hereafter, the running at large of any hog, shoat, or pig, within the corporate limits of the town of Collinsville, is hereby declared a nuisance, and is prohibited.\n\u201c Sec. 2. That any person being the owner of, or having the care or custody of, any hog or hogs, shoat, or pig, who shall suffer the same to run at large, in violation of section one of this ordinance, shall be subject to a penalty of not less than five dollars nor more than fifteen dollars.\n\u201c Sec. 3. That, hereafter, any hog, shoat or pig, found running at large, as aforesaid, shall be seized and penned up by the town constable, or some one authorized by him, in some secure place, to be designated by the board of trustees, and, while so penned up, the town constable shall furnish them food and water.\u201d\nThe remaining sections relate to the disposition of the animals taken up, and are not material here.\nThe following instruction was given for the defendant:\n\u201c Before the jury can find the defendant guilty, they must believe, from the evidence: 1st\u2014That defendant\u2019s hogs were running at large within the corporate limits of the town of Collinsville; and, 2d\u2014That said hogs were so running at large within the corporate limits of said town by the sufferance of the defendant. Although the jury may believe, from the evidence, that the defendant\u2019s hogs strayed from their usual place of running, into and within the corporate limits of the town of Collinsville, yet, if the jury further believe from the evidence that they were so running within the corporate limits of said town of Collinsville without the knowledge or sufferance of defendant, they will find the defendant not guilty.\u201d\nThe plaintiffs then moved the court to instruct the jury as follows, without the italicized portion, viz:\n\u201c The court is requested to instruct the jury, that if they believe, from the evidence, that the defendant, Scanland, suffered his hogs to run at large outside of the corporate limits of the town of Collinsville, with the expectation that they would run at large within the corporate limits of the town of Collinsville, and they came within the limits of said corporation by reason of their being so permitted to run at large outside of the limits of said town, that then the said defendant has suffered the said hogs to run at large in said town, Avithin the meaning of said ordinance, and they must find him guilty and assess a penalty within the provisions of the ordinance;\u201d which Avas modified by the court, by adding to it the italicized portion, and, as modified, said instruction was given to the jury. To the modifying of said instruction by the court, the plaintiff at the time excepted.\nThe errors assigned are, that the verdict was contrary to the evidence, and that the court erred in giving the instructions, and refusing the plaintiff\u2019s instruction as asked.\nThe testimony shows, that the defendant\u2019s hogs were at large within the corporate limits of the town of Collinsville, on the 12th day of June, and were accordingly taken and penned up by the town constable; that defendant lived two and a half miles distant from Collinsville, on a farm; that he had kept the hogs in a cloverpasture duringthe spring and summer, till the drouth ; the pasture became exhausted, and then he let them run in a piece of woods south of his farm, some thirty or forty acres, and watched them daily and fed them; they had been running there a week or two before they were taken up; they had never been seen in the town before. On two previous occasions, they had been found on the road, moving towards Collinsville, and about half way between there and the defendant\u2019s place, when he drove them home. The defendant testified, that he had been very particular not to let the hogs get half a mile from home, and when he found them that far, he drove them back; that on the Sunday morning in question, when the hogs were taken up, he, on his way to Collinsville to church, passed the hogs about a mile from the town, and before he got there, he was met by a messenger with intelligence that his brother was dying, and he went directly to his brother\u2019s house; but for which circumstance, he should then have driven the hogs back.\nSuch was, in substance, the testimony; and we think it presented a clear case for the acquittal of the defendant, from the charge of suffering his swine to run at large within the corporate limits of the town of Collinsville. So far from his suffering the same, he had, until the present instance, prevented it by his care and efforts, and would have prevented it then, had it not been that he was suddenly summoned away to the bedside of a dying brother.\nAs to the instructions for the defendant, they but asserted the requirement of the ordinance, that the running at large within the town must have been with the sufferance of the defendant.\nThe plaintiffs\u2019 instruction as asked for, was, that the penalty had been incurred by suffering the hogs to run at large outside of the corporate limits of the town of Collinsville, if by reason of being so permitted to run at large, they came within the corporate limits of the town. The ordinance does not give this penalty against the owner of swine for their running at large merely, within the town. Section three provides a remedy for that, by seizing and penning up the animals, and further proceedings as to them.\nBut to subject the owner to a penalty therefor, he must himself have participated in the act, by suffering it to be done, which requires that he should have knowingly permitted his hogs to run at large within the town, or have been guilty of such negligent conduct in enabling them to do so, as would have been equivalent thereto. Had the farm of the defendant been so near to the town that the probable consequence of permitting his hogs to run at large upon his own premises, would have been that they would stray within the town, he might be chargeable as having knowingly permitted them to run at large within the town.\nHad the hogs broken out of the defendant\u2019s inclosure, and come within the town, it would hardly be claimed that the defendant had committed a violation of this ordinance.\nThe distance of a party\u2019s place of residence from a town, and the care taken of his swine running at large upon his premises, may be as effective as an inclosure of them, to prevent them from coming within the limits of the town.\nWe think the instruction, as asked, ivas defective in entirely excluding from view whether it was a probable consequence of suffering the hogs to run at large upon the defendant\u2019s premises, that they would stray within the limits of the town of Collinsville.\nThe modification of the instruction, perhaps, was not strictly accurate in requiring the expectation of such event on the part of the defendant; it would have been enough, had there been reason for expecting it, whether the defendant, actually expected it or not.\nWe think, however, in this case, there is no substantial cause of complaint for the modification made in the instruction.\nThe judgment of the court below is affirmed.\nJudgment affirmed.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Mr. Justice Sheldon"
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Mr. David Gillespie, for the appellant.",
      "Messrs. Dale & Burnett, for the appellee."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "The Town of Collinsville v. Lewis W. Scanland.\n1. Ordinances\u2014construction of a particular one. An ordinance of the town of Collinsville prohibiting the running at large of certain animals within the corporate limits of the town, provides, that any person being the owner of, or having the care of, any such animal, who shall suffer the same to run at large, etc., shall be subject to a certain penalty therein specified. In an action to recover the penalty for a violation of this ordinance, the proof disclosed these facts: that the defendant resided on his farm outside the limits of the town; that he had allowed the animals to run in a piece of w'oods near by; but that he wuitclied and cared for them daily, and would have prevented them from straying into the town in the present instance\u2014which was the first\u2014had it not been that he was suddenly called away to the bedside of a dying brother: Held, that this evidence clearly exonerated the defendant from the charge of suffering his animals to run at large within the corporate limits of the town.\n3. That an instruction by the court to the effect, that before the jury could find the defendant guilty, they must believe from the evidence, that the animals were so running at large within the limits, by sufferance of the defendant, but asserted the requirement of the ordinance.\n3. Same\u2014what necessary to he shown to warrant a conviction. To subject a person to the penalty under this ordinance, he must, himself, have participated in the act, by suffering it to be done; which requires that he should have know'ingly permitted his animals to run at large within the town, or have been guilty of such negligent conduct, in enabling them to do so, as would have been equivalent thereto.\nAppeal from the Circuit Court of Madison county; the Hon. Joseph Gillespie, Judge, presiding\nMr. David Gillespie, for the appellant.\nMessrs. Dale & Burnett, for the appellee."
  },
  "file_name": "0221-01",
  "first_page_order": 223,
  "last_page_order": 228
}