{
  "id": 5317304,
  "name": "Frederick A. Bragg v. The City of Chicago",
  "name_abbreviation": "Bragg v. City of Chicago",
  "decision_date": "1874-09",
  "docket_number": "",
  "first_page": "152",
  "last_page": "155",
  "citations": [
    {
      "type": "official",
      "cite": "73 Ill. 152"
    }
  ],
  "court": {
    "name_abbreviation": "Ill.",
    "id": 8772,
    "name": "Illinois Supreme Court"
  },
  "jurisdiction": {
    "id": 29,
    "name_long": "Illinois",
    "name": "Ill."
  },
  "cites_to": [
    {
      "cite": "49 Ill. 321",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Ill.",
      "opinion_index": 0
    },
    {
      "cite": "2 Bur. 899",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Bur.",
      "opinion_index": 0
    }
  ],
  "analysis": {
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    "simhash": "1:63462e4d436724c8",
    "word_count": 1145
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T20:27:08.421353+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
  },
  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "Frederick A. Bragg v. The City of Chicago."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Mr. Justice Scott\ndelivered the opinion of the Court:\nThe court sustained the motion entered hv defendant in arrest of judgment, rendered on default, and after the writ of inquiry was executed. That decision is assigned for error.\nThe declaration is in debt, and is upon an award or an appraisement made by commissioners, appointed by the city of Chicago, to determine and appraise to the owners, of whom plaintiff in error was one, the value of real estate taken for the extension of a street in the city, and the injury sustained by them, after deducting therefrom any benefit which would accrue to such owners, respectively, for such improvement.\nThe objection urged to the declaration on the motion in arrest, is, that it is not alleged the plaintiff then had or ever had a title in fee, or for life, or for years, in the real estate sought to be condemned.\nThe declaration contained a number of averments as to the interest of plaintiff in the lands taken, among others \u201c that there was appraised, allowed and awarded to him in said assessment, an award of damages, so made as aforesaid, in writing, the sum of $3000, as damages for the taking and appropriating of land belonging to and in possession of this plaintiff;\u201d and \u201c that the defendant took and appropriated the said real estate, so described as belonging to the plaintiff, for a public street, * \"x\" * under the proceedings of condemnation aforesaid, without making any compensation therefor, and have ever since, and still do, occupy and use the same.\u201d In the introductory part of the declaration, which contains a succinct statement of jurisdictional facts, it is averred all the real estate in the line of the proposed improvement, and particularly \u201c the real estate of the plaintiff hereinafter specifically described,\u201d was situated in the corporate limits of the city of Chicago.\nIt is contended these constitute no averment of title in the plaintiff; that it can not be known from them what title, if any, he had in the property, and, at most, they constitute a defective statement of title, which can only be helped out by verdict upon trial of an issue, on the theory the court requires every material allegation, however defectively stated, to be proven by competent evidence.\nIn this case the judgment was by default, and of course no evidence was required upon the averment, the lands \u201c belonged to \u201d and were \u201c in the possession of the plaintiff.\u201d\nIt may be conceded the rule contended for is stated correctly in Collins v. Gibbs, 2 Bur. 899, that a motion in arrest of judgment by default comes before the court exactly as if it had been on demurrer. Trying this case by the strictest rules, as stated by this court in Cronan v. Frizell, 49 Ill. 321, that \u201c the default admits nothing but what is properly alleged,\u201d are the averments of ownership in the plaintiff, as set forth in the declaration, sufficient to support the judgment % We think they are. The distinct averment is made, \u201cthe lands belong to \u201d and were \u201c in the possession of plaintiff.\u201d This is equivalent to a positive averment that he was the owner of the real estate appropriated by the city for the use of a street. The word \u201c belong \u201d itself implies ownership, and one definition of its meaning, as given by lexicographers, is, \u201c to be the property of.\u201d \u201c The lands \u201d are said to \u201c belong to \u201d the plain-\nThis language conveys as distinct an idea of ownership as any words that could be employed. It is true, it does not define whether that ownership was in fee simple, for life, or for years. This is no valid objection. The declaration contains the positive averment of ownership in the lands appropriated for public purposes, and it expressly averred, that for this property of the plaintiff, by whatever title he held it, the commissioners awarded him the sum of $3000. After the making of the award, it is averred, the city entered upon the property and appropriated i t to public purposes. During all the proceedings had in making the assessment, the corporate authorities treated the plaintiff as the owner of the property. It is averred the lands taken belonged to him, and the default admits it. This is tantamount to a solemn admission on the record, the city has appropriated to public uses property of the plaintiff, and there is no reason why it should not pay the appraised value. The declaration states a cause of action. What defenses might have been interposed to defeat a recovery it is not necessary for us to consider. The default admits ownership of the lands appropriated, and the award made for the plaintiflv\u2019s damages. These facts, when admitted, are sufficient to sustain the judgment.\nThe judgment sustaining the motion in arrest of judgment will be reversed, and the cause remanded, with directions to enter final judgment for the plaintiff.\nJudgment reversed.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Mr. Justice Scott"
      },
      {
        "text": "Mr. Justice McAllister:\nI dissent in toto from the opinion of the majority \u00f3f the court. There is no statement in the allegations of the declaration, that plaintiff had any estate in the lands, and the words relied upon in the opinion of the majority occur only in that part of the declaration averring the breach. In my opinion, this is the loosest specimen of pleading ever sustained by a court of last resort. Under the charter the legal effect of the award is, to give the amount to the person whose estate or interest in the land entitled him to it. The award is not even prima facie evidence that Bragg was so interested. He should, therefore, have set forth his estate in the declaration, in such manner as to show that the city could safely pay it to him.",
        "type": "dissent",
        "author": "Mr. Justice McAllister:"
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Mr. Edward S. Bragg, for the plaintiff in error.",
      "Mr. T. Lyle Dickey, and Mr. I. U. Stiles, for the defendant in error."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "Frederick A. Bragg v. The City of Chicago.\n1. Arrest or judgment\u2014motion on default. A motion in arrest of judgment on default comes before the court exactly as if it were on demurrer. The default admits nothing but what is properly alleged.\n2. Pleading\u2014lohen an averment that land belonged to and was in possession of plaintiff, sufficient averment of title. In an action of debt, upon an appraisement made by commissioners appointed to determine and appraise to the owners the value of real estate taken for a public street, an averment in the declaration that there was appraised and allowed to the plaintiff a certain sum, \u201c as damages for the taking and appropriating of land belonging to and in possession of the plaintiff,\u201d is a sufficient averment of title to the real estate to support a judgment by default.\nWrit of Error to the Circuit Court of Cook county; the Hon. Lambert Tree, Judge, presiding.\nMr. Edward S. Bragg, for the plaintiff in error.\nMr. T. Lyle Dickey, and Mr. I. U. Stiles, for the defendant in error."
  },
  "file_name": "0152-01",
  "first_page_order": 152,
  "last_page_order": 155
}