{
  "id": 8525131,
  "name": "STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA v. BOBBY JEFFREY MONROE",
  "name_abbreviation": "State v. Monroe",
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  "casebody": {
    "judges": [
      "Judge PARKER concurs in the result only.",
      "Judge COZORT dissents."
    ],
    "parties": [
      "STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA v. BOBBY JEFFREY MONROE"
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "GREENE, Judge.\nThe State appeals the trial court\u2019s order entered 21 March 1990 granting the defendant\u2019s motion for appropriate relief.\nThe defendant was tried and convicted by a jury of robbery with a firearm at the 21 June 1989 Criminal Session of Robeson County Superior Court. The defendant gave notice of appeal on 26 June 1989. On 12 December 1989, the State filed a motion to dismiss the defendant\u2019s appeal. On 19 December 1989, the defendant filed a motion for appropriate relief pursuant to N.C.G.S. \u00a7 15A-1415 (1988) on the ground of newly discovered evidence. On 21 March 1990, the trial court granted the defendant\u2019s motion and ordered a new trial.\nThe dispositive issue is whether the State may appeal this new trial order.\n\u201cAs a general rule the state cannot appeal from a judgment in favor of a defendant in a criminal case, in the absence of a statute clearly conferring that right.\u201d State v. Ward, 46 N.C. App. 200, 202, 264 S.E.2d 737, 738-39 (1980); cf. State v. Joseph, 92 N.C. App. 203, 204, 374 S.E.2d 132, 133 (1988), cert. denied, 324 N.C. 115, 377 S.E.2d 241 (1989) (defendant cannot appeal denial of his motion to dismiss). The statute which authorizes the State\u2019s appeal in this case is N.C.G.S. \u00a7 15A-1445(a)(2) (1988). It reads in pertinent part:\n(a) Unless the rule against double jeopardy prohibits further prosecution, the State may appeal from the superior court to the appellate division:\n(1) When there has been a decision or judgment dismissing criminal charges as to one or more counts.\n(2) Upon the granting of a motion for a new trial on the ground of newly discovered or newly available evidence but only on questions of law.\nOur courts must strictly construe statutes which allow the State to appeal in criminal cases. Ward, 46 N.C. App. at 203, 264 S.E.2d at 739.\n\u201cOrdinarily in North Carolina an appeal will only lie from a final judgment.\u201d Id.; Joseph, 92 N.C. App. at 204-05, 374 S.E.2d at 133-34; N.C.G.S. \u00a7 7A-27(b) (1989) (appeal allowed from superior court to Court of Appeals from final judgment). A final judgment is a judgment which disposes of the case \u201cas to the State and the defendant, leaving nothing to be judicially determined between them in the trial court.\u201d State v. Childs, 265 N.C. 575, 578, 144 S.E.2d 653, 655 (1965).\nHere, the trial court\u2019s order of new trial on the basis of newly discovered evidence is interlocutory and not final because the order \u201cleaves the case for further action by the trial court. . . State v. Thompson, 56 N.C. App. 439, 441, 289 S.E.2d 132, 133 (1982); Ward, 46 N.C. App. at 203-05, 264 S.E.2d at 739-40 (state\u2019s appeal pursuant to N.C.G.S. \u00a7 15A-1445(a)(l) of order dismissing criminal charges without prejudice held interlocutory). Except as otherwise provided by statute, \u201c[t]here is no provision for appeal to the Court of Appeals as a matter of right from an interlocutory order entered in a criminal case . . . .\u201d State v. Henry, 318 N.C. 408, 409, 348 S.E.2d 593, 593 (1986); Joseph, 92 N.C. App. at 206, 374 S.E.2d at 134; see N.C.G.S. \u00a7 7A-27(d) (1989) (appeal from interlocutory order granting new trial limited to civil actions); N.C.G.S. \u00a7 15A-979(c) (1988) (appeal by state prior to trial of a superior court order granting motion to suppress); N.C.G.S. \u00a7 15A-1432(d) (1988) (defendant may appeal interlocutory order entered by superior court finding error in district court\u2019s dismissal of criminal charges). Accordingly, the order granting the defendant a new trial is not appealable and this appeal is\nDismissed.\nJudge PARKER concurs in the result only.\nJudge COZORT dissents.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "GREENE, Judge."
      },
      {
        "text": "Judge COZORT\ndissenting.\nI read N.C. Gen. Stat. \u00a7 15A-1445(a)(2) (1988) to provide for an immediate right of appeal by the State if the trial court grants defendant\u2019s motion for a new trial on the ground of newly discovered evidence. In my view, allowing an immediate appeal in this specific situation to determine whether a new trial should be conducted promotes judicial economy.\nThus, instead of dismissing the appeal, I would consider the merits of the appeal. On the merits, I affirm the trial court\u2019s discretionary decision to grant a new trial.",
        "type": "dissent",
        "author": "Judge COZORT"
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Lacy H. Thornburg, Attorney General, by Doris J. Holton, Assistant Attorney General, for the State.",
      "Murray, Regan and Regan, by Cabell J. Regan, for defendant-appellee."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA v. BOBBY JEFFREY MONROE\nNo. 9016SC784\n(Filed 16 April 1991)\nAppeal and Error \u00a7 81 (NCI4th)\u2014 motion for appropriate relief for newly-discovered evidence \u2014 new trial granted \u2014 State\u2019s appeal \u2014 interlocutory\nAn order granting defendant a new trial for newly-discovered evidence was not appealable because the order left \u25a0 the case open for further action by the trial court. N.C.G.S. \u00a7 15A-1445(a)(2).\nAm Jur 2d, Appeal and Error \u00a7 123.\nAppeal by state of order granting new trial in criminal case. 95 ALR3d 596.\nJudge PARKER concurs in the result only.\nJudge COZORT dissenting.\nAPPEAL by the State from order entered 21 March 1990 in ROBESON County Superior Court by Judge Coy E. Brewer, Jr. Heard in the Court of Appeals 23 January 1991.\nLacy H. Thornburg, Attorney General, by Doris J. Holton, Assistant Attorney General, for the State.\nMurray, Regan and Regan, by Cabell J. Regan, for defendant-appellee."
  },
  "file_name": "0567-01",
  "first_page_order": 597,
  "last_page_order": 600
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