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    "judges": [
      "Judges GREENE and LEWIS concur."
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    "parties": [
      "STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA v. FRED DOUGLAS McBRIDE, Defendant"
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "SMITH, Judge.\nThe appeal before this Court concerns the constitutional propriety of a search without a warrant by the Wilmington Police Department. Defendant Fred Douglas McBride alleges insufficient exigent circumstances were present to justify application of a war-rantless search exception in this case. However, we do not reach the merits, because defendant failed to comply with established case law mandating that notice of intent to appeal be given the trial court and prosecution, prior to entry of a plea of guilty following denial of a motion to suppress. We reaffirm our precedent on this issue and dismiss defendant\u2019s appeal.\nIt is well-settled that no federal constitutional right exists obligating courts to hear appeals from criminal convictions. See Abney v. United States, 431 U.S. 651, 52 L.Ed.2d 651 (1977). In North Carolina, a defendant\u2019s right to pursue an appeal from a criminal conviction is a creation of state statute. See N.C. Gen. Stat. \u00a7 15A-1444 (1988); State v. Blades, 209 N.C. 56, 57, 182 S.E. 714 (1935). This Court has an ever-standing obligation to apply the laws governing the right to appeal. Estrada v. Jaques, 70 N.C. App. 627, 640-41, 321 S.E.2d 240, 249 (1984). This obligation would be rendered illusory if we ignored the very processes which operate to make our system of justice fair as well as efficient.\nN.C. Gen. Stat. \u00a7 15A-979(b) (1988) allows review of an order finally denying a motion to suppress evidence on appeal from a judgment of conviction, including a judgment entered on a guilty plea. This statutory right to appeal is conditional, not absolute.\nPursuant to this statute, a defendant bears the burden of notifying the state and the trial court during plea negotiations of the intention to appeal the denial of a motion to suppress, or the right to do so is waived after a plea of guilty. State v. Reynolds, 298 N.C. 380, 396-97, 259 S.E.2d 843, 853 (1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 941, 64 L.Ed.2d 795 (1980). The rule in this state is that notice must be specifically given. State v. Tew, 326 N.C. 732, 735, 392 S.E.2d 603, 605 (1990); accord State v. Walden, 52 N.C. App. 125, 126-27, 278 S.E.2d 265, 266 (1981). After reviewing the entire record in Tew, we observe the defendant there repeatedly, and specifically, preserved the right to appeal the suppression motion, by giving notice of intent to appeal prior to entry of the plea.\nIn the instant case, defendant failed to preserve his right to appeal by not ensuring that his intent to do so was given to the trial court and prosecution, prior to finalization of his plea bargain. We have carefully reviewed the entire record and note the absence of any notice whatsoever by defendant of intent to appeal based on the trial court\u2019s denial of his motion to suppress.\nWe do observe that defendant has placed a one page document entitled \u201cNotice of Appeal\u201d in the Record on Appeal, dated 18 May 1994. The document does not certify service to the trial court or to the prosecution, though a stamp at the top of the page indicates it was filed with the clerk of court in New Hanover County. This document is not the type of notice required under Reynolds, wherein the burden is placed on the defendant to ensure proper and actual notice of intent to appeal. Reynolds, 298 N.C. at 397, 259 S.E.2d at 853.\nA Notice of Appeal is distinct from giving notice of intent to appeal. Notice of intent to appeal prior to plea bargain finalization is a rule designed to promote a \u201cfair posture for appeal from a guilty plea.\u201d Id. Notice of Appeal is a procedural appellate rule, required in order to give \u201cthis Court jurisdiction to hear and decide a case.\u201d State v. Morris, 41 N.C. App. 164, 166, 254 S.E.2d 241, 242 (1979), appeal dismissed and cert. denied, 297 N.C. 616, 267 S.E.2d 657 (1979); N.C. Gen. Stat. \u00a7\u00a7 7A-26 (1989) and 15A-1448 (1988). The two forms of notice serve different functions, and performance of one does not substitute for completion of the other.\nThe United States Supreme Court addressed the propriety of an appeals process nearly identical to ours in Lefkowitz v. Newsome, 420 U.S. 283, 43 L.Ed.2d 196 (1975). There the United States Supreme Court noted:\nOnce the defendant chooses to bypass the orderly procedure for litigating his constitutional claims in order to take the benefits, if any, of a plea of guilty, the State acquires a legitimate expectation of finality in the conviction thereby obtained.\nId. at 289, 43 L.Ed.2d at 202.\nThe logic of this appellate rule is based on a straightforward theory. Once a defendant strikes the most advantageous bargain possible with the prosecution, that bargain is incontestable by the state once judgment is final. If the defendant may first strike the plea bargain, \u201clock in\u201d the State upon final judgment, and then appeal a previously denied suppression motion, it gets a second bite at the apple, a bite usually meant to be foreclosed by the plea bargain itself.\nWe have previously observed that \u201cit is entirely inappropriate for either side to keep secret any attempt to appeal the conviction\u201d in circumstances like those before us. Reynolds, 298 N.C. at 397, 259 S.E.2d at 853. The appeals process is not meant to be played like three-card monte,' as guessing games in this setting upset basic notions of fairness, and threaten the efficient administration of justice. Id.\nThis Court is bound by the principle of stare decisis, which demands that like situations be treated in a consistent manner. See State v. Collins, 334 N.C. 54, 63, 431 S.E.2d 188, 194 (1993). In this case, both Reynolds and Tew have set forth unequivocal rules concerning appeals made subsequent to a plea bargain. Defendant has not complied with those rules.\nDismissed.\nJudges GREENE and LEWIS concur.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "SMITH, Judge."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Attorney General Michael F. Easley, by Special Deputy Attorney General Ellen B. Scouten and Simone E. Frier, for the State.",
      "Judith T. Naeffor defendant appellant."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA v. FRED DOUGLAS McBRIDE, Defendant\nNo. COA94-1330\n(Filed 7 November 1995)\nEvidence and Witnesses \u00a7 627 (NCI4th)\u2014 motion to suppress \u2014 subsequent guilty plea \u2014 review on appeal \u2014 notice of intention to appeal denial of motion required\nN.C.G.S. \u00a7 15A-979(b) (1988) allows review of an order finally denying a motion to suppress evidence on appeal from a judgment of conviction, including a judgment entered on a guilty plea; however, pursuant to this statute, a defendant bears the burden of notifying the State and the trial court during plea negotiations of the intention to appeal the denial of a motion to suppress, or the right to do so is waived after of plea of guilty.\nAm Jur 2d, Appellate Review \u00a7\u00a7 259, 614, 616, 621, 628.\nAppealability of order entered in connection with pretrial conference. 95 ALR2d 1361.\nSufficiency in federal court of motion in limine to preserve for appeal objection to evidence absent contemporary objection at trial. 76 ALR Fed 619.\nAppeal by defendant from judgments entered 1 June 1994 by Judge Cy A. Grant in New Hanover County Superior Court. Heard in the Court of Appeals 25 September 1995.\nAttorney General Michael F. Easley, by Special Deputy Attorney General Ellen B. Scouten and Simone E. Frier, for the State.\nJudith T. Naeffor defendant appellant."
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