{ "id": 11651238, "name": "JACQUELINE LOCKLEAR and RANDY BRITT, Plaintiffs v. DEVAUL LANGDON, Defendant", "name_abbreviation": "Locklear v. Langdon", "decision_date": "1998-05-19", "docket_number": "No. COA97-576", "first_page": "513", "last_page": "518", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "129 N.C. App. 513" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "N.C. Ct. App.", "id": 14983, "name": "North Carolina Court of Appeals" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 5, "name_long": "North Carolina", "name": "N.C." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "222 S.E.2d 392", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1976, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "408" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "289 N.C. 343", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8569619 ], "year": 1976, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "366" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/289/0343-01" ] }, { "cite": "336 S.E.2d 699", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1985, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "700" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "78 N.C. App. 163", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 8520009 ], "year": 1985, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "164" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/78/0163-01" ] }, { "cite": "289 S.E.2d 363", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "weight": 2, "year": 1982, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "366" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "305 N.C. 366", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8569908 ], "year": 1982, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "369" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/305/0366-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 587, "char_count": 12706, "ocr_confidence": 0.773, "pagerank": { "raw": 8.919803056698028e-08, "percentile": 0.5005230034646807 }, "sha256": "a87e38c4e9872f4a22f30a1adef2f7a144f6b786e848a0be81bd033088a0e55d", "simhash": "1:e3f6c01296dc9a07", "word_count": 2032 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T18:14:06.814789+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [ "Judges McGEE and TIMMONS-GOODSON concur." ], "parties": [ "JACQUELINE LOCKLEAR and RANDY BRITT, Plaintiffs v. DEVAUL LANGDON, Defendant" ], "opinions": [ { "text": "LEWIS, Judge.\nIn their complaint filed 19 May 1995, plaintiffs alleged that defendant Devaul Langdon constructed a house in 1989, that defendant lived in that house from November 1989 to June 1991, that defendant sold the house to Randall and Tamsen McLean, that the McLeans lived in the house from June 1991 to August 1994, and that the McLeans sold the house to plaintiffs. Plaintiffs alleged that defendant had breached his duty to \u201cconstruct the [house] in accordance with generally accepted standards\u201d and sought damages. In his verified answer, defendant denied that he had constructed plaintiffs\u2019 house. Defendant moved for summary judgment and his motion was granted. On appeal, plaintiffs argue that summary judgment was inappropriate because there is a genuine issue of material fact as to whether defendant built the house. We agree and reverse.\nThe evidence adduced by defendant was the following: Defendant stated under oath that he originally owned the land where plaintiffs\u2019 residence is located; that he conveyed this property to \u201ca Langdon partnership\u201d; that this partnership, in turn, conveyed the property to Dee Langdon and his wife; that Dee Langdon was defendant\u2019s son; that these conveyances occurred before the house was constructed; and that Dee Langdon, not defendant, constructed plaintiffs\u2019 house. Defendant conceded that \u201ca building permit or some other permit could have been purchased in the name of [defendant],\u201d but he denied any involvement with the construction of plaintiffs\u2019 house.\nDefendant\u2019s answers to plaintiffs\u2019 interrogatories, signed 11 April 1996, indicate that defendant had, within the last ten years, been employed with four businesses, including \u201cNew Southern Homes, Inc.\u201d and \u201cD.G. Langdon & Sons, a partnership.\u201d When asked to describe \u201cthe nature and type of business that each conducted and the dates that such business operated,\u201d defendant answered that D.G. Langdon & Sons \u201cdealt in the construction of homes,\u201d but he did not describe the business of New Southern Homes. Defendant also failed to provide any information about the dates that these entities were in business even though such information was requested.\nDefendant answered that \u201cin almost every\u201d one of the four businesses, he was one of the managing partners. He did not, however, describe \u201cthe regular duties he was responsible for in each\u201d business, even though this information was requested. The interrogatories also asked defendant to state whether any of the businesses in which he was involved were engaged in residential construction, and if so, to identify which businesses engaged in this activity and whether any employee of each such business held a valid North Carolina General Contractor\u2019s License. Defendant\u2019s reply to this question, in full, was, \u201cYes. I have never had any contractor\u2019s license.\u201d\nPlaintiffs\u2019 Interrogatory Number 8 reads,\nDid you ever own the [property on which plaintiffs\u2019 house is located]? If so, please state in detail how you acquired the Property, state the date that you acquired said Property, and identify each and every document evidencing your acquisition of said Property. Your response should include, but not be limited to, any survey maps in your possession and deed(s) describing any conveyance of the Property to you.\nDefendant responded by stating that he and his wife had once owned the property and that he conveyed it to \u201ca partnership\u201d at some unmentioned date. Defendant did not, however, state how or when he acquired the property, even though he was plainly asked to do so. Defendant offered no explanation of why he could not answer these questions. Nor did defendant identify any documents evidencing his acquisition of the property. Instead, he produced a deed for the conveyance of the property from D.G. Langdon & Sons, A Partnership to Dee Carson Langdon and wife, Teresa M. Langdon. Defendant stated that he had visited the Register of Deeds but could not find the deed whereby he conveyed the property to the partnership, but he provided no explanation of why he could not produce the deed whereby defendant and his wife had originally acquired the property. Throughout his sworn answers to plaintiffs\u2019 interrogatories, defendant maintained that he did not build the house but rather that his son, Dee Langdon, built it.\nIn response to defendant\u2019s motion for summary judgment, plaintiffs introduced documents authenticated by Lynwood McDonald, custodian of records for the Harnett County Building and Inspections Department. These documents include:\n(1) A zoning permit issued on 4 April 1989 by the Harnett County Department of Planning and Development. The zoning permit lists \u201cDevaul G. Langdon\u201d as the owner of the subject property, and it lists the \u201cUse Classification\u201d of the subject property as \u201cSingle Family Residence -2 BR.\u201d The zoning permit further states,\nNOTICE: This structure is not to be occupied until a CERTIFICATE OF OCCUPANCY is issued by the Building Official.\nPERMIT EXPIRES SIX MONTHS FROM ISSUANCE.\nThis CARD MUST BE DISPLAYED on the PREMISES until WORK IS COMPLETED.\n(2) An improvement permit issued by the Harnett County Health Department on 12 April 1989. This permit allows the property owner to install a septic tank and nitrification line. The permit states,\nBe it ordained by the Harnett County Board of Health as follows: Section III, item B. \u201cNo person shall begin construction of any building at which a septic tank system is to be used . . . without first obtaining a written permit from the Harnett County Health Department.\nThe permit lists the owner of the property as \u201cDevaul Langdon\u201d and indicates that the septic tank is to service a two-bedroom residence.\n(3) An \u201cApplication for Permit\u201d filed with the Harnett County Building and Inspections Department. The application states, \u201cThe undersigned hereby makes application to BUILD [a] New House.\u201d The application is signed by \u201cDevaul Langdon\u201d and lists the applicant\u2019s name as \u201cDevaul G. Langdon.\u201d The application was submitted on 18 April 1989. Mr. McDonald stated in his affidavit that \u201c[t]his document is a true copy of the original building permit application submitted by Devaul Langdon.\u201d\n(4) Four \u201cNotices of Additions or Corrections\u201d issued by the Harnett County Inspection Department. These notices contain the following boilerplate language:\nTHIS JOB HAS NOT BEEN COMPLETED\nThe following additions or corrections shall be made before the job will be accepted: . . .\nThree of the notices are dated 22 August 1989 and are issued to \u201cLangdon.\u201d They list seven corrections, including,\n6. The balcony overlooking the living room and the outside balcony is protruding out too far. I will need you to either support it with steel or give me a letter from the Architect stating it will not support the load.\n(emphasis added). The fourth notice is dated 5 September 1989 and is issued to \u201cDevaul Langdon.\u201d This notice states,\n1. Need No. 8 gauge wire from lug on whirlpool motor to panel grid or if closer drip separator rod beside house to motor on tub (For your safety)\n2. Motor to whirlpool tub to be on G.F.I. breaker or Rec.\n(emphasis added).\n(5) A permit issued by the Harnett County Health Department on 13 October 1989 approving the operation of a septic tank system at the subject property. This permit lists \u201cDevaul Langdon\u201d as \u201cowner.\u201d\n(6) A deed dated 29 January 1990 whereby \u201cD.G. Langdon & Sons, a partnership,\u201d conveyed the subject property to Dee Carson Langdon and wife, Teresa M. Langdon.\nDefendant is entitled to summary judgment if the evidence shows that \u201cthere is no genuine issue as to any material fact\u201d and that defendant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. N.C.R. Civ. R 56(c). Under this rule, if defendant makes a prima facie showing that an essential element of plaintiffs\u2019 claim is nonexistent, then he is entitled to summary judgment unless plaintiffs respond with evidence or a forecast of evidence that establishes the existence of a genuine issue of material fact. Lowe v. Bradford, 305 N.C. 366, 369, 289 S.E.2d 363, 366 (1982). An issue is genuine if it can be proved by substantial evidence, id., or if different conclusions about the material fact could reasonably be drawn from the evidence, Warren v. Rocco and Mastracco, Inc., 78 N.C. App. 163, 164, 336 S.E.2d 699, 700 (1985). If the movant relies solely on affidavit testimony, and the affiants\u2019 credibility is called into question, then summary judgment should be denied. Kidd v. Early, 289 N.C. 343, 366, 222 S.E.2d 392, 408 (1976).\nIn this case, defendant relied exclusively on his own sworn statements to support his motion for summary judgment. To award defendant with summary judgment, the trial court must have assigned credibility to defendant\u2019s sworn statements as a matter of law. We hold that in doing so, the trial court erred.\nTo begin with, defendant\u2019s failure to provide complete responses to interrogatories and requests for production tends to weaken his credibility. Even if we assume, however, that defendant\u2019s sworn statements are inherently credible, plaintiffs have produced sufficient evidence to cast doubt on defendant\u2019s credibility and to establish a genuine issue as to whether defendant built their house.\nIt is evident that the zoning permit, the improvement permit (for septic tank construction), and the building permit for which Devaul Langdon applied must be obtained before one can build a house in Harnett County. The permits in this case list Devaul Langdon as the owner of the subject property, and the application for permit to build a house is actually signed by Devaul Langdon. Furthermore, Mr. McDonald stated under oath that Devaul Langdon applied for the building permit.\nThe Notices of Additions or Corrections, issued to \u201cLangdon\u201d or \u201cDevaul Langdon,\u201d indicate that a house was being constructed on the subject property on 22 August 1989 and on 5 September 1989. The Notices are obviously intended to inform the house builder of changes that must be made. Viewed in the light most favorable to plaintiffs, it may be inferred from the Notices that Devaul Langdon was building plaintiffs\u2019 house in the summer of 1989, or that Devaul Langdon owned the property at the time the Notices were issued. If the latter is inferred, then the Notices contradict defendant\u2019s sworn statement that he conveyed the property before plaintiffs\u2019 house was constructed on it. Defendant\u2019s assertion to this effect is further contradicted by the permit issued on 13 October 1989, approving the operation of a septic tank system, which lists Devaul Langdon as the owner of the subject property.\nDefendant has not discharged his burden to prove the nonexistence of a genuine issue as to whether he built plaintiffs\u2019 house. We reverse the entry of summary judgment in his favor and remand the case to the trial court for further proceedings.\nReversed and remanded.\nJudges McGEE and TIMMONS-GOODSON concur.", "type": "majority", "author": "LEWIS, Judge." } ], "attorneys": [ "Smith Debnam Hibbert, L.L.P., by Bettie Kelley Sousa and Terry M. Kilbride, for plaintiffs-appellants.", "Bain & McRae, by Edgar R. Bain, for defendant-appellee." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "JACQUELINE LOCKLEAR and RANDY BRITT, Plaintiffs v. DEVAUL LANGDON, Defendant\nNo. COA97-576\n(Filed 19 May 1998)\nVendor and Purchaser \u00a7 73 (NCI4th)\u2014 construction of residence \u2014 action for damages \u2014 identity of contractor \u2014 summary judgment improper\nThe trial court erred by entering summary judgment for defendant in an action in which plaintiffs alleged that defendant had constructed their house and that defendant had breached his duty to construct the house in accordance with generally accepted standards where defendant contended that the house had been constructed by his son rather than by himself. Defendant relied exclusively on his own sworn statements to support his motion for summary judgment, but his failure to provide complete responses to interrogatories and requests for production tends to weaken his credibility and plaintiffs produced sufficient evidence to cast doubt on defendant\u2019s credibility. Zoning, improvement, and building permits list defendant as the owner of the subject property, the application for a permit to build a house is signed by defendant, it may be inferred from the notices of additions or corrections that defendant was building plaintiffs\u2019 house or that he owned the property at the time the notices were issued, which would contradict defendant\u2019s sworn statement that he conveyed the property before the house was constructed, and the permit approving operation of a septic tank system lists defendant as the owner of the property.\nAppeal by plaintiffs from judgment entered 4 February 1997 by Judge Wiley F. Bowen in Harnett County Superior Court. Heard in the Court of Appeals 15 January 1998.\nSmith Debnam Hibbert, L.L.P., by Bettie Kelley Sousa and Terry M. Kilbride, for plaintiffs-appellants.\nBain & McRae, by Edgar R. Bain, for defendant-appellee." }, "file_name": "0513-01", "first_page_order": 553, "last_page_order": 558 }