{ "id": 12122230, "name": "NATIONSBANK OF NORTH CAROLINA, N.A., Plaintiff v. TIMOTHY PARKER, Defendant", "name_abbreviation": "NationsBank of North Carolina, N.A. v. Parker", "decision_date": "2000-09-19", "docket_number": "No. COA99-812", "first_page": "106", "last_page": "114", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "140 N.C. App. 106" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "N.C. Ct. App.", "id": 14983, "name": "North Carolina Court of Appeals" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 5, "name_long": "North Carolina", "name": "N.C." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "488 S.E.2d 215", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "weight": 4, "year": 1997, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "224" }, { "page": "217" }, { "page": "224" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "346 N.C. 650", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 139442 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1997, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "666" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/346/0650-01" ] }, { "cite": "469 S.E.2d 593", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1996, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "122 N.C. App. 391", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 11917424 ], "year": 1996, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/122/0391-01" ] }, { "cite": "462 S.E.2d 252", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1995, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "259" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "120 N.C. App. 326", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 11915576 ], "year": 1995, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "336" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/120/0326-01" ] }, { "cite": "N.C. Gen. Stat. \u00a7 1-56", "category": "laws:leg_statute", "reporter": "N.C. Gen. Stat.", "year": 1999, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "336 S.E.2d 146", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1985, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "148", "parenthetical": "holding breach of fiduciary duty claim is essentially a negligence or professional malpractice claim" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "77 N.C. App. 792", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 8525427 ], "year": 1985, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "795", "parenthetical": "holding breach of fiduciary duty claim is essentially a negligence or professional malpractice claim" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/77/0792-01" ] }, { "cite": "388 S.E.2d 178", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1990, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "183", "parenthetical": "\"Breach of fiduciary duty is a species of negligence or professional malpractice.\"" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "97 N.C. App. 236", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 8520259 ], "year": 1990, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "244", "parenthetical": "\"Breach of fiduciary duty is a species of negligence or professional malpractice.\"" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/97/0236-01" ] }, { "cite": "325 S.E.2d 469", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1985, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "475" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "312 N.C. 626", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 4757989 ], "year": 1985, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "633" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/312/0626-01" ] }, { "cite": "328 S.E.2d 274", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1985, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "313 N.C. 230", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 4718465 ], "year": 1985, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/313/0230-01" ] }, { "cite": "439 S.E.2d 792", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "weight": 3, "year": 1994, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "795", "parenthetical": "citation omitted" }, { "page": "794" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "113 N.C. App. 589", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 8523783 ], "weight": 3, "year": 1994, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "593" }, { "page": "592" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/113/0589-01" ] }, { "cite": "456 S.E.2d 852", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1995, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "118 N.C. App. 649", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 11920371 ], "year": 1995, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/118/0649-01" ] }, { "cite": "447 S.E.2d 784", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "weight": 4, "year": 1994, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "788" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "337 N.C. 651", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 2551919 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1994, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/337/0651-01" ] }, { "cite": "335 S.E.2d 178", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1985, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "182", "parenthetical": "citation omitted" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "77 N.C. App. 369", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 8522530 ], "year": 1985, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "374", "parenthetical": "citation omitted" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/77/0369-01" ] }, { "cite": "205 S.E.2d 537", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "weight": 3, "year": 1974, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "21 N.C. App. 636", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 8557186 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1974, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/21/0636-01" ] }, { "cite": "243 S.E.2d 145", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1978, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "147", "parenthetical": "citations omitted" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "36 N.C. App. 109", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 8551364 ], "year": 1978, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "111", "parenthetical": "citations omitted" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/36/0109-01" ] }, { "cite": "218 S.E.2d 379", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1975, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "288 N.C. 375", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8568529 ], "year": 1975, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/288/0375-01" ] }, { "cite": "180 S.E.2d 823", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1971, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "278 N.C. 523", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8561041 ], "year": 1971, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/278/0523-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 792, "char_count": 19606, "ocr_confidence": 0.763, "pagerank": { "raw": 2.745486660845907e-07, "percentile": 0.8323083701018863 }, "sha256": "646af1f7e8bdbb4f4321a11b5d346118b868c3a1811df75f709c9a577f29b546", "simhash": "1:0a936698cd4d27dc", "word_count": 3160 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T16:18:32.795698+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [ "Chief Judge EAGLES and Judge LEWIS concur." ], "parties": [ "NATIONSBANK OF NORTH CAROLINA, N.A., Plaintiff v. TIMOTHY PARKER, Defendant" ], "opinions": [ { "text": "EDMUNDS, Judge.\nPlaintiff NationsBank appeals the trial court\u2019s grant of defendant\u2019s motion for summary judgment. We affirm.\nIn 1992, plaintiff agreed to make a loan to Shamrock Country Club, Inc. (Shamrock), which operated a golf course in Alamance County. The golf course was situated on land owned by the parents of Shamrock\u2019s president, Steven Walker (Walker). The loan was conditioned upon the signing of a guaranty by Walker\u2019s parents (the Walkers). At the closing on 25 March 1992, defendant Timothy Parker, who was Walker\u2019s attorney, notarized several of the signatures on the loan documents and witnessed others. The loan funds were then distributed to Walker.\nAfter Walker\u2019s death on 26 November 1996, the Shamrock loan went into default. Plaintiff initiated a collection effort by writing demand letters to the Walkers and to the executor of Walker\u2019s estate. The Walkers responded through counsel as early as 10 January 1997 that their signatures on the guaranty agreement were forgeries. In letters dated 3 February 1997 and 10 February 1997, the Walkers again advised plaintiff that their signatures had been forged. These letters referred plaintiff to a report prepared by a handwriting expert, which was contained in the court filing of a companion case.\nPlaintiff filed suit on 6 June 1997, naming as defendants the estate of Steven Walker, Shamrock, and the Walkers. When neither Steven Walker\u2019s estate nor Shamrock answered, default judgment was entered against them. At a mediation conference on 12 March 1998, the Walkers provided plaintiff with an expert handwriting analysis supporting their claim that their signatures were forgeries. Plaintiff then amended its complaint to add Parker as a defendant under various theories of liability including negligence, breach of fiduciary duty, negligence as a notary public, legal malpractice, negligent misrepresentation, and constructive fraud. The Walkers later moved for summary judgment in their favor, which was granted without opposition from plaintiff. Defendant Parker moved for summary judgment, and the trial court dismissed all of plaintiff\u2019s claims against him in an order dated 16 February 1999. Plaintiff appeals.\nSummary judgment is appropriate when \u201cthe pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits . . . show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that any party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.\u201d N.C. Gen. Stat. \u00a7 1A-1, Rule 56(c) (1999). On appeal, the standard of review is (1) whether there is a genuine issue of material fact and (2) whether the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. See Kessing v. Mortgage Corp., 278 N.C. 523, 180 S.E.2d 823 (1971). The evidence presented is viewed in the light most favorable to the non-movant. See Caldwell v. Deese, 288 N.C. 375, 218 S.E.2d 379 (1975).\nThe trial court\u2019s order granting defendant\u2019s summary judgment motion contained findings of fact and conclusions of law. In Mosley v. Finance Co., this Court stated:\nA trial judge is not required to make finding[s] of fact and conclusions of law in determining a motion for summary judgment, and if he does make some, they are disregarded on appeal. Rule 52(a)(2) does not apply to the decision on a summary judgment motion because, if findings of fact are necessary to resolve an issue, summary judgment is improper. However, such findings and conclusions do not render a summary judgment void or voidable and may be helpful, if the facts are not at issue and support the judgment.\n36 N.C. App. 109, 111, 243 S.E.2d 145, 147 (1978) (citations omitted).\nThe order states that plaintiff\u2019s various claims could not survive summary judgment because either they are barred by the applicable statute of limitations or defendant is immune from liability for negligence in performing his duties as a notary public.\nA. Claims Against Defendant in his Capacity as Notary Public\nWe begin by considering plaintiff\u2019s claims based upon defendant\u2019s acts or failures to act in his capacity as a notary public at the closing. In North Carolina a notary public is a public officer. See Nelson v. Comer and Willoughby v. Adams, 21 N.C. App. 636, 205 S.E.2d 537 (1974). \u201cAbsent allegations of malice or corruption a notary may not be held liable for acts within her scope of duties.\u201d McGee v. Eubanks, 77 N.C. App. 369, 374, 335 S.E.2d 178, 182 (1985) (citation omitted). This rule applies even when the notary is also an attorney. See Nelson, 21 N.C. App. 636, 205 S.E.2d 537. Plaintiff did not plead any facts that allege defendant performed- his duties with malice or corruption. Accordingly, we affirm the trial court\u2019s grant of summary judgment on all claims that allege defendant was deficient in performing his duties as a notary public.\nPlaintiff contends that its amended complaint \u201ccontains sufficient facts for a jury to determine whether the Defendant Parker is liable to the Plaintfiff under the third party beneficiary doctrine.\u201d Defendant contests this assertion. However, even assuming that this issue was properly pled, the allegedly negligent representation underlying plaintiffs claim was defendant\u2019s representation that the Walkers had signed the loan documents. Because defendant made the representation in his capacity as a notary, he is immune from liability. See id.\nB. Claims Against Defendant in his Capacity as an Attorney\nPlaintiffs amended complaint alleged an attorney-client relationship between plaintiff and defendant. The trial court\u2019s order stated that summary judgment was granted because claims based on defendant\u2019s role as an attorney were barred by N.C. Gen. Stat. \u00a7 l-15(c) (1999). This statute governs legal malpractice claims, see Hargett v. Holland, 337 N.C. 651, 447 S.E.2d 784 (1994); McGahren v. Saenger, 118 N.C. App. 649, 456 S.E.2d 852 (1995); Sharp v. Teague, 113 N.C. App. 589, 439 S.E.2d 792 (1994), and reads in pertinent part:\n(c) Except where otherwise provided by statute, a cause of action for malpractice arising out of the performance of or failure to perform professional services shall be deemed to accrue at the time of the occurrence of the last act of the defendant giving rise to the cause of action: Provided that whenever there is bodily injury to the person, economic or monetary loss, or a defect in or damage to property which originates under circumstances making the injury, loss, defect or damage not readily apparent to the claimant at the time of its origin, and the injury, loss, defect or damage is discovered or should reasonably be discovered by the claimant two or more years after the occurrence of the last act of the defendant giving rise to the cause of action, suit must be commenced within one year from the date discovery is made: Provided nothing herein shall be construed to reduce the statute of limitation in any such case below three years. Provided further, that in no event shall an action be commenced more than four years from the last act of the defendant giving rise to the cause of action ....\nN.C. Gen. Stat. \u00a7 l-15(c).\nThis statute creates a statute of limitations and a statute of repose, both of which are based upon the date of the \u201c \u2018last act of the defendant giving rise to the cause of action.\u2019 \u201d Sharp, 113 N.C. App. at 593, 439 S.E.2d at 795 (citation omitted). Our Supreme Court has stated:\nStatutes of limitation are generally seen as running from the time of injury, or discovery of the injury in cases where that is difficult to detect. They serve to limit the time within which an action may be commenced after the cause of action has accrued. Statutes of repose, on the other hand, create time limitations which are not measured from the date of injury. These time limitations often run from defendant\u2019s last act giving rise to the claim or from substantial completion of some service rendered by defendant.\nTrustees of Rowan Tech. v. Hammond Assoc., 313 N.C. 230, 234 n.3, 328 S.E.2d 274, 276-77 n.3 (1985). A statute of repose \u201cserves as an unyielding and absolute barrier that prevents a plaintiffs right of action even before his cause of action may accrue.\u201d Black v. Littlejohn, 312 N.C. 626, 633, 325 S.E.2d 469, 475 (1985). Therefore, if the statute of repose has run, plaintiffs action is barred.\nUnder section l-15(c), we must determine defendant\u2019s last act giving rise to a cause of action. Particularly pertinent to this analysis is our Supreme Court\u2019s holding in Hargett, 337 N.C. 651, 447 S.E.2d 784. In Hargett, the plaintiffs sued an attorney for negligently drafting a will. In reversing this Court\u2019s ruling that \u201cdefendant\u2019s last act occurred immediately before testator\u2019s death, the last act being defendant\u2019s failure to fulfill a continuing duty to prepare a will properly reflecting the testator\u2019s testamentary intent,\u201d id. at 655, 447 S.E.2d at 788, the Supreme Court stated:\nWe hold that under the arrangement alleged in the complaint, which was a contract to prepare a will after which defendant was an attesting witness to the will, defendant\u2019s duty was simply to prepare and supervise the execution of the will. This arrangement did not impose on defendant a continuing duty thereafter to review or correct the will or to prepare another will.\nId.\nIn the case at bar, defendant closed the loan transaction on 25 March 1992, more than six years before the amended complaint was filed. There are no allegations of an ongoing attorney-client relationship between plaintiff and defendant. Therefore, in accordance with the holding in Hargett, any of plaintiff\u2019s claims based on legal malpractice are barred by the statute of repose set forth in N.C. Gen. Stat. \u00a7 l-15(c).\nThe applicable allegations in the amended complaint read:\n18. The Plaintiff justifiably relied on the representations, acts of witnessing and notarial acts of Defendant Parker which indicated that Defendants Shamrock, Charles C. Walker, Earle W. Walker and Steven C. Walker (now deceased and represented in this action by his personal representative) did in fact sign the loan documents. The acts and conduct of Parker in communicating with the Plaintiff, arranging for the execution of the loan documents, witnessing, reviewing, completing, preparing and delivering the loan documents, all constitute and exhibit an attorney-client relationship between Parker and the Plaintiff. Defendant Parker knew or should have known that the Plaintiff would rely on him in his capacity as an attorney at law to see to it that the loan documents were properly executed in a manner that would protect the interests of the Plaintiff and that same would be genuine and enforceable in accordance with their respective terms.\n19. If it is determined by the finder of fact in this matter that any of the Defendants other than Parker did not in fact sign the loan documents, then the Plaintiff hereby alleges that Defendant Parker was negligent in that he failed to properly witness and notarize the loan documents in a way which would provide the Plaintiff with legally enforceable documents, including more particularly as against Defendants Charles C. Walker and Earle W. Walker, and that said negligence was the proximate cause of the damages described in this complaint suffered by the Plaintiff.\n20. At the time of the execution of the loan documents, Plaintiff and Defendant Parker had an attorney-client relationship. If it is determined by the finder of fact in this matter that any of the Defendants other than Parker did not in fact sign the loan documents, then the Plaintiff hereby alleges that Defendant Parker negligently breached his fiduciary duty to the Plaintiff in that he failed to properly complete, witness and notarize the loan documents in a way which would provide the Plaintiff with legally enforceable documents, including more particularly as against Defendants Charles C. Walker and Earle W. Walker, and that said breach of fiduciary duty was the proximate cause of the damages described in this complaint suffered by the Plaintiff.\nIn its second amended complaint, plaintiff added a claim for constructive fraud alleging:\n21. Defendant Parker, in his capacities as an attorney and notary public handling the closing of the loan transactions as described above in this Complaint, assumed with the Plaintiff a position of trust and confidence which created a fiduciary duty owing to the Plaintiff from Defendant Parker. The Plaintiff justifiably relied on Defendant Parker to properly complete, witness and notarize the loan documents in a way which would provide the Plaintiff with legally enforceable documents. If it is determined by the finder of fact in this matter that any of the Defendants other than Parker did not in fact sign the loan documents, then Defendant Parker in his position of an attorney and notary public failed to fulfill his fiduciary obligations to the Plaintiff. The Plaintiff further alleges that Defendant Parker breached his fiduciary duty to the Plaintiff, said breach of fiduciary duty constitutes a constructive fraud, and said breach of fiduciary duty was the proximate cause of the damages described in this complaint suffered by the Plaintiff. Upon information and belief, Defendant Parker took advantage of his position of trust and benefit[t]ed from his actions in that he was paid for his services in closing the subject loan transaction.\nWith one exception, these pleadings fail because of defendant\u2019s status as a notary or because they are claims for legal malpractice barred by N.C. Gen. Stat. \u00a7 l-15(c). See, e.g., Sharp, 113 N.C. App. at 592, 439 S.E.2d at 794 (noting \u201cclaims \u2018arising out of the performance of or failure to perform professional services\u2019 based on negligence or breach of contract are in the nature of \u2018malpractice\u2019 claims, [and] are governed by N.C. Gen. Stat. \u00a7 l-15(c)\u201d). Similarly, any claim based on defendant\u2019s breach of a fiduciary duty is time barred. See Heath v. Craighill, Rendleman, Ingle & Blythe, 97 N.C. App. 236, 244, 388 S.E.2d 178, 183 (1990) (\u201cBreach of fiduciary duty is a species of negligence or professional malpractice.\u201d); Childers v. Hayes, 77 N.C. App. 792, 795, 336 S.E.2d 146, 148 (1985) (holding breach of fiduciary duty claim is essentially a negligence or professional malpractice claim).\nThe exception is plaintiff\u2019s only remaining claim alleging constructive fraud. A claim of constructive fraud based upon a breach of a fiduciary duty falls under the ten-year statute of limitations contained in N.C. Gen. Stat. \u00a7 1-56 (1999). See Barger v. McCoy Hillard & Parks, 120 N.C. App. 326, 336, 462 S.E.2d 252, 259 (1995), modified, 122 N.C. App. 391, 469 S.E.2d 593 (1996), affirmed in part, reversed on other grounds in part, 346 N.C. 650, 488 S.E.2d 215 (1997). Therefore, this claim is not barred on statute of limitations grounds. However, to maintain a claim of constructive fraud, there must be an allegation that defendant sought to benefit himself. See Barger v. McCoy Hillard & Parks, 346 N.C. 650, 666, 488 S.E.2d 215, 224 (1997). In Barger, the defendants were an accounting firm and individual accountants in the firm employed by plaintiffs. See id. at 654, 488 S.E.2d at 217. The Supreme Court held:\nPlaintiffs contend that their forecast of evidence shows that defendants did benefit from their alleged misrepresentations regarding TFH\u2019s financial status because they obtained the benefit of their continued relationship with plaintiffs. This is insufficient to establish the benefit required for a claim of constructive fraud, however. Presumably, defendants would have obtained the benefit of a continued relationship with plaintiffs equally by providing accurate information about TFH\u2019s financial health. Moreover, plaintiffs have alleged no facts tending to show that defendants gained anything by negligently misrepresenting the corporation\u2019s true financial condition.\nId. at 667, 488 S.E.2d at 224.\nImplicit in this holding is a finding that payment of a fee to a defendant for work done by that defendant does not by itself constitute sufficient evidence that the defendant sought his own advantage in the transaction. Allegations in the case at bar, similar to those made in Barger, are that defendant \u201ctook advantage of his position of trust and benefit[t]ed from his actions in that he was paid for his services in closing the subject loan transaction.\u201d There was no evidence that the amount paid defendant for notarizing and witnessing the loan documents would have been any different if the documents had not been forged. We do not believe that this allegation, taken as true, is sufficient to withstand defendant\u2019s summary judgment motion. Consequently, we conclude that the trial court properly granted summary judgment as to this charge.\nThe trial court\u2019s order granting defendant\u2019s summary judgment motion is affirmed.\nAffirmed.\nChief Judge EAGLES and Judge LEWIS concur.", "type": "majority", "author": "EDMUNDS, Judge." } ], "attorneys": [ "Kenneth N. Barnes, and Holt, Longest, Wall & Blaetz, P.L.L.C., by Frank A. Longest, Jr., for plaintiff-appellant.", "Wilson & Iseman, L.L.P., by Urs R. Gsteiger, for defendant-appellee." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "NATIONSBANK OF NORTH CAROLINA, N.A., Plaintiff v. TIMOTHY PARKER, Defendant\nNo. COA99-812\n(Filed 19 September 2000)\n1. Notaries Public\u2014 attorney \u2014 negligent representation of signature\u2019s authenticity \u2014 no allegations of malice or corruption \u2014 no liability under third-party beneficiary doctrine\nThe trial court did not err by granting a motion for summary judgment in favor of defendant attorney on all claims that allege the attorney was deficient in performing his duties as a notary public on loan documents where two signatures were later determined to be forgeries, because: (1) plaintiff bank did not plead any facts that allege the attorney performed his duties with malice or corruption; and (2) the attorney is immune from liability under the third-party beneficiary doctrine based on the fact that he made the negligent representation in his capacity as a notary.\n2. Attorneys\u2014 malpractice \u2014 notarized forged signatures\u2014 barred by statute of repose\nPlaintiff bank\u2019s claims based on the legal malpractice of defendant attorney who was deficient in performing his duties as a notary public on loan documents where two signatures were later determined to be forgeries are barred by the statute of repose under N.C.G.S. \u00a7 l-15(c), because: (1) the attorney closed the loan transaction more than six years before the amended complaint was filed; and (2) there are no allegations of an ongoing attorney-client relationship between plaintiff bank and defendant attorney.\n3. Fraud\u2014 constructive \u2014 breach of fiduciary duty \u2014 attorney notarized forged signatures\nAlthough plaintiff bank\u2019s claim of constructive fraud based upon an alleged breach of fiduciary duty by defendant attorney who notarized loan documents that contained forged signatures is not barred on statute of limitations grounds since it falls under the ten-year statute of limitations contained in N.C.G.S. \u00a7 1-56, this claim is insufficient to withstand a summary judgment motion, because: (1) there must be an allegation that the attorney sought to benefit himself, and payment of a fee to the attorney for work done by him does not by itself constitute sufficient evidence that he sought his own advantage in the transaction; and (2) there was no evidence that the amount paid to the attorney for notarizing and witnessing the loan documents would have been any different if the documents had not been forged.\nAppeal by plaintiff from order entered 16 February 1999 by Judge Howard E. Manning, Jr., in Alamance County Superior Court. Heard in the Court of Appeals 8 May 2000.\nKenneth N. Barnes, and Holt, Longest, Wall & Blaetz, P.L.L.C., by Frank A. Longest, Jr., for plaintiff-appellant.\nWilson & Iseman, L.L.P., by Urs R. Gsteiger, for defendant-appellee." }, "file_name": "0106-01", "first_page_order": 138, "last_page_order": 146 }