{ "id": 11435851, "name": "JEROME R. BOSTICK, Employee, Plaintiff v. KINSTON-NEUSE CORPORATION, Employer, SELF-INSURED/KEY RISK MANAGEMENT SERVICES, Carrier, Defendants", "name_abbreviation": "Bostick v. Kinston-Neuse Corp.", "decision_date": "2001-07-17", "docket_number": "No. COA00-729", "first_page": "102", "last_page": "111", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "145 N.C. App. 102" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "N.C. Ct. App.", "id": 14983, "name": "North Carolina Court of Appeals" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 5, "name_long": "North Carolina", "name": "N.C." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "347 S.E.2d 814", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1986, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "818" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "318 N.C. 192", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 4738158 ], "year": 1986, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "198" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/318/0192-01" ] }, { "cite": "146 S.E.2d 479", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1966, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "486" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "266 N.C. 419", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8561051 ], "year": 1966, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "429" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/266/0419-01" ] }, { "cite": "489 S.E.2d 375", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1997, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "379-80" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "347 N.C. 126", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 551278 ], "year": 1997, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "132-34" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/347/0126-01" ] }, { "cite": "97 S.E.2d 432", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1957, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "436", "parenthetical": "findings not supported by competent evidence must be set aside" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "246 N.C. 26", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8623496 ], "year": 1957, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "30", "parenthetical": "findings not supported by competent evidence must be set aside" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/246/0026-01" ] }, { "cite": "265 S.E.2d 389", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1980, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "391" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "300 N.C. 164", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8559969 ], "year": 1980, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "167" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/300/0164-01" ] }, { "cite": "532 S.E.2d 207", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 2000, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "210-11", "parenthetical": "quoting Click v. Freight Carriers, 300 N.C. 164, 167, 265 S.E.2d 389, 391 (1980)" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "138 N.C. App. 593", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 11080920 ], "year": 2000, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "598", "parenthetical": "quoting Click v. Freight Carriers, 300 N.C. 164, 167, 265 S.E.2d 389, 391 (1980)" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/138/0593-01" ] }, { "cite": "327 S.E.2d 890", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1985, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "313 N.C. 329", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 4718689, 4718243, 4721833, 4725486, 4720539 ], "year": 1985, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/313/0329-05", "/nc/313/0329-01", "/nc/313/0329-04", "/nc/313/0329-02", "/nc/313/0329-03" ] }, { "cite": "323 S.E.2d 29", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1984, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "30", "parenthetical": "workers entitled to be compensated for all disability caused by the compensable injury" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "71 N.C. App. 377", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 8525367 ], "year": 1984, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "379", "parenthetical": "workers entitled to be compensated for all disability caused by the compensable injury" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/71/0377-01" ] }, { "cite": "342 S.E.2d 798", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "weight": 2, "year": 1986, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "806" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "316 N.C. 426", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 4704100 ], "year": 1986, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "438" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/316/0426-01" ] }, { "cite": "483 S.E.2d 169", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1997, "pin_cites": [ { "parenthetical": "emphasis in original" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "345 N.C. 343", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 53949, 54219, 53871, 53978, 54045 ], "year": 1997, "pin_cites": [ { "parenthetical": "emphasis in original" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/345/0343-02", "/nc/345/0343-03", "/nc/345/0343-01", "/nc/345/0343-05", "/nc/345/0343-04" ] }, { "cite": "476 S.E.2d 434", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "weight": 2, "year": 1996, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "439" }, { "page": "440" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "124 N.C. App. 72", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 11888498 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1996, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "81" }, { "page": "83" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/124/0072-01" ] }, { "cite": "441 S.E.2d 145", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1994, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "149" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "114 N.C. App. 69", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 8527096 ], "year": 1994, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "73" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/114/0069-01" ] }, { "cite": "398 S.E.2d 677", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1990, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "682" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "101 N.C. App. 24", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 8527213 ], "year": 1990, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "33" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/101/0024-01" ] }, { "cite": "374 S.E.2d 483", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1988, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "92 N.C. App. 473", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 8527187 ], "year": 1988, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/92/0473-01" ] }, { "cite": "63 S.E.2d 109", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1951, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "233 N.C. 185", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8601196 ], "year": 1951, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/233/0185-01" ] }, { "cite": "181 S.E.2d 588", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1971, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "279 N.C. 132", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8565922 ], "year": 1971, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/279/0132-01" ] }, { "cite": "487 S.E.2d 746", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "weight": 2, "year": 1997, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "749" }, { "page": "750" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "346 N.C. 760", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 139324 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1997, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "763" }, { "page": "765" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/346/0760-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 829, "char_count": 19878, "ocr_confidence": 0.753, "pagerank": { "raw": 8.517591705122447e-08, "percentile": 0.4869924848900457 }, "sha256": "55fab94b11ef60ee897c1168bf58c644393276a1a3c1c9537bdbf90a1c172f97", "simhash": "1:aff941e72ccf6659", "word_count": 3165 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T19:02:14.256422+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [ "Judges WYNN and JOHN concur." ], "parties": [ "JEROME R. BOSTICK, Employee, Plaintiff v. KINSTON-NEUSE CORPORATION, Employer, SELF-INSURED/KEY RISK MANAGEMENT SERVICES, Carrier, Defendants" ], "opinions": [ { "text": "HUDSON, Judge.\nPlaintiff appeals an Opinion and Award of the North Carolina Industrial Commission (the Commission) denying his request for temporary total disability benefits and determining that his left elbow problems are not causally related to his compensable right elbow problems. We determine that in this case the Commission did not properly apply the presumption of plaintiffs ongoing disability, which arose from a Form 21 agreement to pay compensation for \u201cnecessary weeks.\u201d Furthermore, its conclusion that plaintiff\u2019s left elbow problems are not related to his right elbow injury is not supported by findings of fact which are supported by competent evidence in the record. Therefore, we reverse and remand the case.\nIn its Opinion and Award, the Commission made findings as follows: Plaintiff began working for defendant-employer in November 1991 as a hydraulic brake press operator. This position consisted of lifting pieces of metal with an electronic hoist, manually adjusting the piece of metal placed on the press, and programming the press so the metal was shaped into forks for the electric pallet trucks which defendant-employer manufactures.\nIn June 1994, plaintiff began experiencing right elbow discomfort. He sought treatment from Dr. Richard Huberman, who diagnosed lateral epicondylitis, or what is commonly referred to as tennis elbow. When conservative treatment failed, Dr. Huberman performed a right lateral release on 7 December 1994 and allowed plaintiff to return to light duty work on 19 January 1995 with the restriction of no heavy lifting.\nOn 14 December 1994, the parties entered into a Form 21 agreement with respect to the right elbow which specified that compensation was to continue for \u201cnecessary weeks.\u201d The Commission approved this form on 10 January 1995, and defendant paid plaintiff temporary total disability benefits from 7 December 1994 to 18 January 1995.\nOn 19 January 1995, plaintiff returned to work with defendant-employer. Defendant accommodated plaintiffs restrictions by significantly modifying his position so that he was only required to program the computer and not move heavy pieces of metal. Plaintiff stopped working for defendant on 24 January 1995. He then enrolled in a program to received his emergency medical technician (EMT) certificate and received certification on 11 February 1995. He went to work for his brother\u2019s company, Better Health Ambulance Service, on 12 February 1995, as a full-time EMT.\nPlaintiff visited Dr. Huberman on 25 September 1995 with complaints of increased pain in his right elbow. Dr. Huberman referred plaintiff to another doctor in his practice, Dr. Andrew Siekanowicz, for soft tissue pain.\nDr. Siekanowicz first saw plaintiff on 19 October 1995; he diagnosed plaintiff with right salvage tennis elbow and prescribed one month of conservative treatment. When this failed, he performed salvage tennis elbow surgery on 5 December 1995. Defendant paid plaintiff temporary total disability compensation from 7 December 1995 to 24 April 1996. Plaintiff returned to work with his brother\u2019s ambulance service on 26 April 1996 in a part-time capacity, earning diminished wages. Defendant paid plaintiff partial disability compensation from 25 April 1996 through 19 May 1996 for the difference in his average weekly wages before injury and what he made with his brother\u2019s company.\nOn 24 January 1996, Dr. Siekanowicz diagnosed plaintiff with left tennis elbow. Dr. Siekanowicz testified that plaintiff\u2019s right tennis elbow caused his left tennis elbow, in that he was forced to overuse his left arm as a result of the right arm injury. The Commission found that, in the opinion of Dr. Huberman, plaintiff\u2019s left elbow problems are not causally related to his compensable right elbow problems, and also found that plaintiff\u2019s left elbow symptoms are not the type typically associated with overuse.\nDr. Siekanowicz referred plaintiff to Dr. Nirschl, a doctor in Maryland, when it became apparent that the surgery on the right elbow had failed. On 20 May 1996, Dr. Nirschl performed another salvage tennis elbow procedure. Defendant paid plaintiff temporary total disability benefits from 20 May 1996 to 23 June 1996. Plaintiff returned to work in June 1996 at his brother\u2019s ambulance business earning diminished wages. Defendant paid him temporary partial disability benefits from 24 June 1996 to 9 February 1997. We note the record is silent as to why defendant stopped paying benefits at that time, and, at oral argument before this Court, counsel for defendant was unable to give an explanation for the 9 February 1997 termination. At the time of the hearing before the Deputy Commissioner on 25 August 1997, plaintiff was still employed by his brother in a part-time capacity, working primarily as an ambulance dispatcher.\nThe Commission determined that plaintiff had not reached maximum medical improvement with respect to his admittedly compensable right elbow. It therefore could not determine whether plaintiff was entitled to benefits for permanent disability. It found that plaintiff was due additional temporary partial disability benefits from 9 February 1997 and continuing for a period not to exceed 300 weeks from his date of injury in accordance with N.C.G.S. \u00a7 97-30 (1999). The Commission awarded no benefits based upon the left tennis elbow. Also, it declined plaintiff\u2019s request to include the salary he earned by working in the National Guard in computing his average weekly wages and instead used only his salary with defendant-employer. Finally, the Commission concluded that defendants had defended the case upon reasonable grounds and that plaintiff was not entitled to attorney\u2019s fees or penalties. Plaintiff appealed the Commission\u2019s decision to this Court.\nPlaintiff first contends the Commission erred in denying him temporary total disability benefits from 7 December 1994 onward. He argues that defendants never rebutted the presumption of disability which arose from the Form 21 agreement in which defendant agreed to pay total disability from 7 December 1994 for \u201cnecessary weeks.\u201d We agree.\nNorth Carolina \u201ccase law has consistently held that once a Form 21 agreement is entered into by the parties and approved by the Commission, a presumption of disability attaches in favor of the employee.\u201d Saums v. Raleigh Community Hospital, 346 N.C. 760, 763, 487 S.E.2d 746, 749 (1997). This presumption has its origins in the fact that payment is being made pursuant to an award of the Commission. See N.C.G.S. \u00a7 97-18(b) (1999); N.C.G.S. \u00a7 97-82(b) (1999); Workers\u2019 Compensation Rule 404(1); Watkins v. Motor Lines, 279 N.C. 132, 181 S.E.2d 588 (1971); Tucker v. Lowdermilk, 233 N.C. 185, 63 S.E.2d 109 (1951); Watson v. Winston-Salem Transit Authority, 92 N.C. App. 473, 374 S.E.2d 483 (1988). After the presumption attaches, the burden shifts to the employer \u201cto show not only that suitable jobs are available, but that plaintiff is capable of getting one, taking into account both physical and vocational limitations.\u201d Kennedy v. Duke Univ. Med. Center, 101 N.C. App. 24, 33, 398 S.E.2d 677, 682 (1990). A job is suitable if the plaintiff is capable of performing it \u201cconsidering his age, education, physical limitations, vocational skills, and experience.\u201d Burwell v. Winn-Dixie Raleigh, 114 N.C. App. 69, 73, 441 S.E.2d 145, 149 (1994).\nIn this case, the Commission found as fact that after the parties entered into a Form 21 agreement and payments had begun, plaintiff returned to work with defendant-employer in a modified job. \u201c[Cjapacity to earn is the benchmark test of disability, so mere proof of a return to work is insufficient to rebut the Form 21 presumption.\u201d Kisiah v. W.R. Kisiah Plumbing, 124 N.C. App. 72, 81, 476 S.E.2d 434, 439 (1996), disc. review denied, 345 N.C. 343, 483 S.E.2d 169 (1997) (emphasis in original). Furthermore,\n[i]f the proffered employment does not accurately reflect the person\u2019s ability to compete with others for Wages, it cannot be considered evidence of earning capacity. Proffered employment would not accurately reflect earning capacity if other employers would not hire the employee with the employee\u2019s limitations at a comparable wage level. The same is true if the proffered employment is so modified because of the employee\u2019s limitations that it is not ordinarily available in the competitive job market.\nPeoples v. Cone Mills Corp., 316 N.C. 426, 438, 342 S.E.2d 798, 806 (1986).\nFour of defendant\u2019s employees testified that plaintiff was not required to perform any manual labor in the job to which he returned. Rather, other employees were instructed to help plaintiff with any manual tasks, and plaintiff was limited to operating the computer. Supervisor Darrell Griffin testified that normally there was no such assistance provided for a person holding plaintiff\u2019s job. Defendant presented no evidence that the modified position created for plaintiff was one normally available in the competitive job market, as required by the Supreme Court in Peoples, id., and Saums, 346 N.C. at 765, 487 S.E.2d at 750. Thus, plaintiff\u2019s presumption of disability was not rebutted by his return to work for defendant-employer.\nThe Commission found that plaintiff thereafter went to work for his brother in an EMT position. Although it is not explicitly stated in the opinion, the Commission appears to have perceived that his taking this job rebutted the presumption of total disability. However, there is no evidence in the record that the EMT job constituted \u201csuitable\u201d employment or that he would have been hired in the competitive job market by anyone other than his brother to perform the job, given his physical limitations.\nPlaintiff testified that he asked his brother to hire him for the job as a favor until he could recover from his surgery. Dr. Huberman testified that he witnessed plaintiff performing certain tasks of the job and did not understand why plaintiff was doing it, because it was \u201cas bad on his elbow\u201d as his job with defendant-employer had been. Plaintiffs brother testified that although plaintiff wanted to try to work as an EMT, it was \u201cquickly proved that he could not do it because of the lifting requirements.\u201d In conclusion, defendant did not present any evidence that the EMT job was suitable for plaintiff or that he would be able to get such a job in a competitive market, given his physical restrictions. In fact, defendants repeatedly admit in their brief to this Court that the EMT job exceeded plaintiff\u2019s physical restrictions. As such, plaintiffs attempt to work as an EMT did not rebut the presumption of disability.\nAfter plaintiffs second surgery in December 1995, he returned to work for his brother in a part-time position performing various duties such as filing, answering the telephone, running errands, and working as a dispatcher. At that point, he had a lifting restriction of no more than two pounds. His brother stated that plaintiff was on his own schedule and if his arm started to bother him, he stopped work. He further testified that he would not give anyone other than his brother such a job. Again, defendant presented no evidence that such a job was available in the competitive market. Plaintiff, on the other hand, presented the testimony of a vocational rehabilitation expert that it was not so available.\nIn conclusion, in spite of the fact that defendants hired two vocational rehabilitation counselors to work with plaintiff, defendants presented no evidence that a suitable job existed for plaintiff and that he was capable of getting such a job. Therefore, on the evidence presented, we are compelled to conclude that defendants have failed to rebut the presumption of disability and that plaintiff is entitled to continuing temporary total disability compensation from 7 December 1994 onward. Plaintiff has stipulated in his brief and at oral argument that he is willing to deduct from his compensation due the amounts he has earned working for defendant-employer and his brother.\nPlaintiff next contends the Commission erred in finding that his left tennis elbow was not caused or aggravated by his compensable right tennis elbow. See Heatherly v. Montgomery Components, Inc., 71 N.C. App. 377, 379, 323 S.E.2d 29, 30 (1984) (workers entitled to be compensated for all disability caused by the compensable injury), disc. review denied, 313 N.C. 329, 327 S.E.2d 890 (1985). \u201c \u2018[Wjhere the exact nature and probable genesis of a particular type of injury involves complicated medical questions far removed from the ordinary experience and knowledge of laymen, only an expert can give competent opinion evidence as to the cause of the injury.\u2019 \u201d Peagler v. Tyson Foods, Inc., 138 N.C. App. 593, 598, 532 S.E.2d 207, 210-11 (2000) (quoting Click v. Freight Carriers, 300 N.C. 164, 167, 265 S.E.2d 389, 391 (1980)). Thus, the Commission was required to rely in this case on expert testimony to determine whether plaintiffs right tennis elbow caused or aggravated his left tennis elbow such that the latter became a compensable injury as well.\nDr. Siekanowicz testified that plaintiffs left tennis elbow is \u201ca direct result of the fact that he had to over-use the left upper extremity to compensate for the right upper extremity.\u201d However, the Commission determined that plaintiffs left elbow injury was not related to the right, and found as fact:\nGreater weight is given to the opinion of Dr. Huberman over that of Dr. Siekanowicz on the issue of whether plaintiffs left elbow problems are causally related to plaintiffs compensable right elbow problems. In the Opinion of Dr. Huberman plaintiffs left elbow problems are not causally related to his compensable right elbow problems or the result of over-use of his left arm.\nAn analysis of Dr. Huberman\u2019s testimony reveals that he was not explicitly asked to state an opinion, nor did he, as to the cause of this plaintiffs left elbow condition. Dr. Siekanowicz was the only witness who did express an opinion regarding the cause of plaintiffs left elbow condition, which arose several months after Dr. Huberman had ceased treating plaintiff. Significantly, Dr. Huberman testified that he would defer to Dr. Siekanowicz on issues which arose after plaintiffs treatment was transferred. Thus, the Commission\u2019s finding giving greater weight to Dr. Huberman on the issue of the causation of plaintiff\u2019s left elbow condition is not supported by competent evidence. See Penland v. Coal Co., 246 N.C. 26, 30, 97 S.E.2d 432, 436 (1957) (findings not supported by competent evidence must be set aside).\nPlaintiff next argues that he is due a 10% penalty under G.S. \u00a7 97-18(g), which provides that \u201c[i]f any installment of compensation is not paid within 14 days after it becomes due, there shall be added to such unpaid installment an amount equal to ten per centum (10%) thereof....\u201d In this case, the approved Form 21 constituted an award of the Commission, see G.S. \u00a7 97-82(b); Workers\u2019 Compensation Rule 503, and defendants never sought permission from the Commission to terminate compensation, see G.S. \u00a7 97-18(b); Workers\u2019 Compensation Rule 404. Because the provisions of G.S. \u00a7 97-18(g) are mandatory (\u201cthere shall be added\u201d), we are compelled to conclude that a 10% penalty is due. See Kisiah, 124 N.C. App. at 83, 476 S.E.2d at 440 (defendant ceased paying on a Form 21 award without seeking permission of the Commission; penalties under G.S. \u00a7 97-18(g) due).\nPlaintiff also contends he is due attorney\u2019s fees under N.C.G.S. \u00a7 97-88.1 (1999) for defendant\u2019s unreasonable defense of the claim. Def\u00e9ndant did not present evidence to explain why it stopped benefits or to rebut the presumption of disability. Upon remand, the Commission should address the issue of whether attorney\u2019s fees are due under G.S. \u00a7 97-88.1.\nPlaintiff finally contends the Commission erred in refusing to include his salary from the National Guard in computing his average weekly wages. The Supreme Court in McAninch v. Buncombe County Schools, 347 N.C. 126, 132-34, 489 S.E.2d 375, 379-80 (1997), recently reiterated its holding in Barnhardt v. Cab Co., 266 N.C. 419, 429, 146 S.E.2d 479, 486 (1966), overruled on other grounds by Derebery v. Pitt County Fire Marshall, 318 N.C. 192, 198, 347 S.E.2d 814, 818 (1986), that a claimant\u2019s average weekly wages are to be computed using the wages received in the employment in which he was injured only. Thus, the Commission did not commit error in declining to include plaintiff\u2019s salary from the National Guard in computing his average weekly wages.\nIn conclusion, we reverse the Opinion and Award of the Commission and remand for findings and conclusions consistent with this opinion.\nReversed and remanded.\nJudges WYNN and JOHN concur.", "type": "majority", "author": "HUDSON, Judge." } ], "attorneys": [ "Law Offices of George W. Lennon, by George W. Lennon and Michael W. Ballance, for plaintiff-appellant.", "Lewis & Roberts, P.L.L.C., by Winston L. Page, Jr., for defendant-appellees." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "JEROME R. BOSTICK, Employee, Plaintiff v. KINSTON-NEUSE CORPORATION, Employer, SELF-INSURED/KEY RISK MANAGEMENT SERVICES, Carrier, Defendants\nNo. COA00-729\n(Filed 17 July 2001)\n1. Workers\u2019 Compensation\u2014 disability \u2014 Form 21 presumption \u2014 not rebutted by unsuitable jobs\nA workers\u2019 compensation defendant did not rebut the Form 21 presumption of disability where plaintiff returned to work with defendant and then worked for his brother\u2019s ambulance company, but defendant presented no evidence that a suitable job existed for plaintiff and that he was capable of getting such a job. There was testimony that other employees were instructed to help plaintiff with manual tasks when he returned to work with defendant, assistance not normally provided for a person holding plaintiffs job, there was testimony that plaintiffs work as an EMT exceeded his physical restrictions and that he could not do the work because of his lifting restrictions, and plaintiffs brother testified that he would not have given anyone else the part time position filing, answering the telephone, and working as a dispatcher in which plaintiff was on his own schedule and stopped working if his arm started to bother him.\n2. Workers\u2019 Compensation\u2014 cause of injury \u2014 conflicting medical testimony\nThe trial court erred in a workers\u2019 compensation action by finding that plaintiffs left tennis elbow was not caused or aggravated by his compensable right tennis elbow. The Commission chose to give greater weight to the testimony of a doctor who did not state an opinion as to the cause of this plaintiffs left elbow condition and who stated that he would defer to the doctor to whom plaintiffs treatment was transferred on issues which arose after the transfer. That doctor testified that the left elbow condition was the result of compensation for the right elbow condition.\n3. Workers\u2019 Compensation\u2014 unilateral stoppage of payments \u2014 penalty\nThe 10% penalty for an unpaid installment of a workers\u2019 compensation award was due where defendants never sought permission from the Commission to terminate compensation under a Form 21 Agreement.\n4. Workers\u2019 Compensation\u2014 attorney fees \u2014 unilateral stoppage of payments\nThe Industrial Commission was required to address the issue of whether attorney fees were due in a workers\u2019 compensation action where defendant did not present evidence to rebut the presumption of disability or to explain why it stopped benefits.\n5. Workers\u2019 Compensation\u2014 computation of average weekly wage \u2014 outside employment\nThe Industrial Commission did not err in a workers\u2019 compensation action by not including plaintiff\u2019s National Guard salary when computing his average weekly wage. A claimant\u2019s average weekly wage is computed using only the wages received in the employment in which he was iiyured.\nAppeal by plaintiff from Opinion and Award entered 13 March 2000 by the North Carolina Industrial Commission. Heard in the Court of Appeals 18 April 2001.\nLaw Offices of George W. Lennon, by George W. Lennon and Michael W. Ballance, for plaintiff-appellant.\nLewis & Roberts, P.L.L.C., by Winston L. Page, Jr., for defendant-appellees." }, "file_name": "0102-01", "first_page_order": 132, "last_page_order": 141 }