{ "id": 9185383, "name": "JOYCE CAMERON, Plaintiff v. GREGORY CANADY, Defendant", "name_abbreviation": "Cameron v. Canady", "decision_date": "2003-04-01", "docket_number": "No. COA02-573", "first_page": "132", "last_page": "136", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "157 N.C. App. 132" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "N.C. Ct. App.", "id": 14983, "name": "North Carolina Court of Appeals" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 5, "name_long": "North Carolina", "name": "N.C." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "482 S.E.2d 546", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1997, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "125 N.C. App. 618", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 11870701 ], "year": 1997, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/125/0618-01" ] }, { "cite": "326 S.E.2d 601", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1985, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "313 N.C. 33", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 4719700 ], "year": 1985, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/313/0033-01" ] }, { "cite": "61 S.E.2d 904", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1950, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "906" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "232 N.C. 623", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8611663 ], "year": 1950, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "625" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/232/0623-01" ] }, { "cite": "406 S.E.2d 856", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "weight": 2, "year": 1991, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "861", "parenthetical": "quoting Holderfield v. Rummage Brothers Trucking Co., 232 N.C. 623, 625, 61 S.E.2d 904, 906 (1950)" }, { "page": "862" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "329 N.C. 446", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 2555775 ], "year": 1991, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "455", "parenthetical": "quoting Holderfield v. Rummage Brothers Trucking Co., 232 N.C. 623, 625, 61 S.E.2d 904, 906 (1950)" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/329/0446-01" ] }, { "cite": "314 S.E.2d 544", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "weight": 3, "year": 1984, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "545" }, { "page": "545" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "310 N.C. 735", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 2394545 ], "weight": 2, "year": 1984, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "736-37" }, { "page": "736-37" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/310/0735-01" ] }, { "cite": "365 S.E.2d 672", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1988, "pin_cites": [ { "parenthetical": "citing Jacobs v. Locklear, 310 N.C. 735, 736-37, 314 S.E.2d 544, 545 (1984)" } ], "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "89 N.C. App. 294", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 8521588 ], "year": 1988, "pin_cites": [ { "parenthetical": "citing Jacobs v. Locklear, 310 N.C. 735, 736-37, 314 S.E.2d 544, 545 (1984)" } ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/89/0294-01" ] }, { "cite": "270 S.E.2d 558", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1980, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "49 N.C. App. 196", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 8520358 ], "year": 1980, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/49/0196-01" ] }, { "cite": "550 S.E.2d 549", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 2001, "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "145 N.C. App. 488", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C. App.", "case_ids": [ 11438714 ], "year": 2001, "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc-app/145/0488-01" ] }, { "cite": "314 S.E.2d 545", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "year": 1985, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "545", "parenthetical": "holding that where there is no evidence of contributory negligence, the trial court errs in submitting the issue to the jury" } ], "opinion_index": 1 }, { "cite": "310 N.C. 735", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 2394545 ], "year": 1984, "pin_cites": [ { "page": "736-37", "parenthetical": "holding that where there is no evidence of contributory negligence, the trial court errs in submitting the issue to the jury" } ], "opinion_index": 1, "case_paths": [ "/nc/310/0735-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 449, "char_count": 8872, "ocr_confidence": 0.763, "pagerank": { "raw": 7.962540039948147e-08, "percentile": 0.46300788192670694 }, "sha256": "80cea9c2b08f44b59a7acfab81bb8e083ece2af735d29e493c409eac1e6f639b", "simhash": "1:b96ed868aa6d55f4", "word_count": 1431 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T16:54:20.581695+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [ "Judge TIMMONS-GOODSON dissents.", "Judge TYSON concurs." ], "parties": [ "JOYCE CAMERON, Plaintiff v. GREGORY CANADY, Defendant" ], "opinions": [ { "text": "LEVINSON, Judge.\nPlaintiff\u2019s complaint alleged she sustained physical injury when she \u201cslipped and fell\u201d on defendant\u2019s garage stairs, which she alleges were negligently maintained in dangerous condition. Defendant asserted plaintiff was contributorily negligent in failing to keep a reasonable lookout and in failing to use proper care in exiting defendant\u2019s garage.\nThe case was tried, and a jury returned a verdict finding (1) plaintiff was injured by the negligence of defendant, and (2) plaintiff, by her own negligence, contributed to her injuries. Therefore, the plaintiff was barred from recovering damages against defendant. See Love v. Singleton, 145 N.C. App. 488, 550 S.E.2d 549 (2001).\nSubsequently, plaintiff filed motions for judgment notwithstanding the verdict and for a new trial. The trial court granted plaintiffs motions concluding in pertinent part:\n1. That there was no evidence before the Court that the Plaintiff failed to keep a proper lookout or was otherwise contributo-rily negligent in her fall.\n3. That the fact that the Plaintiff fell, in and of itself, is not adequate for submission of the issue of contributory negligence to the jury and contributory negligence cannot be presumed from the mere fact that the Plaintiff fell.\n4. That this Court erred in failing to direct a verdict in favor of the Plaintiff on the issue of contributory negligence at the conclusion of the evidence and in submitting the issue of contributory negligence to the jury over Plaintiff\u2019s objection.\n5. That such error was prejudicial and Plaintiff is entitled to a new trial.\nDefendant contends the trial court erred in granting plaintiffs motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict and a new trial. Specifically, he argues there was sufficient evidence to present the issue of plaintiff\u2019s contributory negligence to the jury.\nA motion for a new trial under Rule 59(a) is left to the sound discretion of the trial court. N.C.G.S. \u00a7 1A-1, Rule 59(a) (2001); Hamlin v. Austin, 49 N.C. App. 196, 270 S.E.2d 558 (1980). However, where the trial court commits an error of law, we review that decision de novo. Eason v. Barber, 89 N.C. App. 294, 365 S.E.2d 672 (1988) (citing Jacobs v. Locklear, 310 N.C. 735, 736-37, 314 S.E.2d 544, 545 (1984)). Because defendant assigned as error the trial court\u2019s determination that as a matter of law there was insufficient evidence upon which to submit the issue of contributory negligence to the jury, we review that determination de novo. Id.\nContributory negligence acts as a complete bar to a plaintiffs recovery and is:\nthe breach of the duty of the plaintiff to exercise due care for his own safety in respect of the occurrence about which he complains, and if his failure to exercise due care for his own safety is one of the proximate contributing causes of his injury, it will bar recovery.\nChamps Convenience Stores v. United Chemical Co., 329 N.C. 446, 455, 406 S.E.2d 856, 861 (1991) (quoting Holderfield v. Rummage Brothers Trucking Co., 232 N.C. 623, 625, 61 S.E.2d 904, 906 (1950)). The issue of contributory negligence is generally one for the jury, not to be decided as a, matter of law. Id. at 456, 406 S.E.2d at 862.\nHere, contributory negligence was submitted to the jury, and it found for defendant on that issue. Defendant presented evidence that plaintiff (1) had both hands occupied by her rolodex and her bank bag; (2) admitted to her doctor that she had suffered from \u201cinner ear problems for years\u201d; and (3) did not trip on defendant\u2019s steps but only fell after she reached the garage and her leg gave way. Viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to defendant and giving him the benefit of every reasonable inference, we find there were sufficient issues concerning contributory negligence that it was properly left to the jury. See West v. Slick, 313 N.C. 33, 326 S.E.2d 601 (1985); Cook v. Wake County Hospital System, 125 N.C. App. 618, 482 S.E.2d 546 (1997). Therefore, as a matter of law, the trial court erred in granting plaintiffs motions for judgment notwithstanding the verdict and for a new trial. Jacobs, 310 N.C. at 736-37, 314 S.E.2d at 545. The trial court\u2019s grant of judgment notwithstanding the verdict and for a new trial are reversed, and we remand for entry of judgment on the jury verdict.\nReversed and Remanded.\nJudge TIMMONS-GOODSON dissents.\nJudge TYSON concurs.", "type": "majority", "author": "LEVINSON, Judge." }, { "text": "TIMMONS-GOODSON, Judge,\ndissenting.\nBecause I conclude that the trial court properly determined that there was no evidence that plaintiff \u201cfailed to keep a proper lookout or was otherwise contributorily negligent in her fall,\u201d I respectfully dissent.\nThe majority opinion cites the following facts in support of its conclusion that there was evidence from which a reasonable jury could find that plaintiff contributed to her own injury: (1) plaintiff was holding a Rolodex-brand desktop rotary file in one hand and a \u201cbank bag\u201d in her other hand when she fell; (2) plaintiff had informed her physician that she \u201csuffered from inner ear problems for years;\u201d and (3) plaintiff did not fall on defendant\u2019s steps. The majority fails to explain how these facts, standing alone, support a finding of contributory negligence, nor is such an explanation obvious. There was no evidence, for example, that the fact that plaintiff was holding a bag and a rotary file caused her to become imbalanced. There was no evidence concerning the size or weight of these items, nor was there any evidence that plaintiff\u2019s attention was diverted by these items. Further, there was no evidence that plaintiff could have prevented or stopped her fall by, for instance, holding onto a handrail, had her hands not been occupied. In fact, the evidence showed that defendant\u2019s steps had no handrail.\nPlaintiff\u2019s statement to her physician one year after her accident that she \u201chad inner ear problems for years\u201d likewise provides no basis for a finding of contributory negligence. Plaintiff specifically denied that these \u201cinner ear problems\u201d had ever affected her balance, and defendant presented no evidence to the contrary. Nor was there any evidence that plaintiff was suffering from an inner ear problem the day of the incident.\nFinally, the majority contends that, because defendant testified that plaintiff did not fall on the steps, but only after having reached the floor of the garage when her \u201cknee gave way,\u201d a reasonable jury could find that plaintiff was contributorily negligent. This statement is illogical, however, given the fact that the jury found defendant negligent. The only evidence of defendant\u2019s negligence presented at trial, and the only possible basis for the jury\u2019s finding of negligence on defendant\u2019s part, was the evidence tending to show that defendant\u2019s brick steps violated applicable building code requirements and otherwise constituted a hidden and dangerous condition. Thus, if the jury believed defendant\u2019s testimony that plaintiff did not fall on the steps, but only after having reached the floor of the garage, there would have been no basis upon which to find defendant negligent. Defendant\u2019s testimony regarding the location of plaintiff\u2019s fall did not demonstrate that plaintiff failed to keep a proper lookout; rather, it was evidence of a factual dispute properly and necessarily resolved by the jury in plaintiff\u2019s favor.\nBecause there was no evidence that plaintiff failed to act as a reasonably prudent person regarding her own safety, I conclude that the trial court properly determined that it erred in submitting the issue of contributory negligence to the jury. See Jacobs v. Locklear, 310 N.C. 735, 736-37, 314 S.E.2d 545, 545 (1985) (holding that where there is no evidence of contributory negligence, the trial court errs in submitting the issue to the jury). I would therefore affirm the judgment of the trial court.", "type": "dissent", "author": "TIMMONS-GOODSON, Judge," } ], "attorneys": [ "Musselwhite, Musselwhite, Musselwhite & Branch, by W. Edward Musselwhite, Jr., for plaintiff-appellee.", "Anderson, Johnson, Lawrence, Butler & Bock, L.L.P., by Steven C. Lawrence, for defendant-appellant." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "JOYCE CAMERON, Plaintiff v. GREGORY CANADY, Defendant\nNo. COA02-573\n(Filed 1 April 2003)\nPremises Liability\u2014 contributory negligence \u2014 fall on stairs\u2014 j.n.o.v.\nContributory negligence is generally for the jury and the trial court erred by granting plaintiff\u2019s motions for a new trial and judgment notwithstanding the verdict after the jury found plaintiff contributorily negligent in her fall on defendant\u2019s garage stairs. There was evidence that plaintiff had both hands occupied by a rolodex and bank bag, had suffered from inner ear problems for years, and did not trip on the steps but fell when her leg gave way after she reached the garage.\nJudge Timmons-Goodson dissenting.\nAppeal by defendant from judgment entered 7 December 2001 by Judge James F. Ammons, Jr. in Robeson County Superior Court. Heard in the Court of Appeals 29 January 2003.\nMusselwhite, Musselwhite, Musselwhite & Branch, by W. Edward Musselwhite, Jr., for plaintiff-appellee.\nAnderson, Johnson, Lawrence, Butler & Bock, L.L.P., by Steven C. Lawrence, for defendant-appellant." }, "file_name": "0132-01", "first_page_order": 164, "last_page_order": 168 }