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        "cite": "12 N.C. App. 481",
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            "parenthetical": "\"Thus, in order for defendant... to have an opportunity to prepare a proper defense, the pleading should have clearly stated the capacity in which he was being sued.\""
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            "page": "32",
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            "page": "24-25",
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        "cite": "56 S.E.2d 566",
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          {
            "page": "571",
            "parenthetical": "defendant was not an aggrieved party as to dismissal of complaint with respect to co-defendant"
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      {
        "cite": "231 N.C. 190",
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        "cite": "398 S.E.2d 323",
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          {
            "page": "324",
            "parenthetical": "where the appellant's rights have not been directly affected by the court's order, appellant is not a party aggrieved and has no standing to challenge the order on appeal and the appeal should be dismissed"
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      {
        "cite": "327 N.C. 624",
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            "page": "626",
            "parenthetical": "where the appellant's rights have not been directly affected by the court's order, appellant is not a party aggrieved and has no standing to challenge the order on appeal and the appeal should be dismissed"
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        "cite": "132 S.E.2d 340",
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          {
            "page": "341"
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      {
        "cite": "260 N.C. 173",
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            "page": "175"
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      {
        "cite": "155 S.E.2d 259",
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        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "page": "262",
            "parenthetical": "quoting Coburn v. Timber Corp., 260 N.C. 173, 175, 132 S.E.2d 340, 341 (1963)"
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          {
            "page": "262",
            "parenthetical": "when neither defendant had asserted a cross-claim, one defendant could not appeal ruling as to second defendant because \"each was an adverse party to the plaintiff, only\""
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      {
        "cite": "270 N.C. 721",
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          8570461
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            "page": "725",
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            "page": "726"
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        "opinion_index": 0
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      {
        "cite": "500 S.E.2d 714",
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          {
            "page": "717"
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            "parenthetical": "refusing, in connection with summary judgment order, to allow defendant to argue affirmative defense not asserted in answer"
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          1659870
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            "page": "908",
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          {
            "page": "523"
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            "page": "524"
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            "page": "38"
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            "page": "877"
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        "cite": "258 N.C. 426",
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            "page": "449"
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        "cite": "5 S.E. 401",
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            "page": "401"
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            "page": "71"
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        "year": 1979,
        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "page": "164",
            "parenthetical": "\"A tax foreclosure under the statute applicable to this case is analogous to an execution sale.\""
          }
        ],
        "opinion_index": 0
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      {
        "cite": "297 N.C. 113",
        "category": "reporters:state",
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        "cite": "235 S.E.2d 166",
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        "weight": 2,
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          {
            "parenthetical": "stating that purpose of notice is to enable taxpayer to attend sale and make sure property is not sold for grossly inadequate price"
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        ],
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      {
        "cite": "292 N.C. 692",
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        "cite": "221 S.E.2d 903",
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            "page": "909",
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            "page": "282",
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        "cite": "196 N.C. 268",
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      {
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        "cite": "631 So. 2d 632",
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        "case_ids": [
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        "case_ids": [
          1741247
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        "cite": "395 S.E.2d 85",
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        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "parenthetical": "Justice Meyer, dissenting"
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        "cite": "327 N.C. 283",
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        "cite": "523 F. Supp. 975",
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        "case_ids": [
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        "pin_cites": [
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          9433089
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        "pin_cites": [
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            "page": "215",
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        "case_ids": [
          1123255
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        "weight": 4,
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          {
            "page": "173",
            "parenthetical": "explaining that 'if the probability [of an accident] be called P; the injury, L; and the burden [of adequate precautions], B; liability depends upon whether B is less than L multiplied by P: i.e., whether B<PL'"
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        "cite": "260 S.E.2d 670",
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        "pin_cites": [
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            "page": "672"
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        "cite": "44 N.C. App. 180",
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        "cite": "543 S.E.2d 920",
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        "year": 2001,
        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "page": "926",
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      {
        "cite": "142 N.C. App. 544",
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        "case_ids": [
          9442407
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      {
        "cite": "109 S.E.2d 376",
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        "reporter": "S.E.2d",
        "year": 1959,
        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "page": "377-78"
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        "opinion_index": 0
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      {
        "cite": "250 N.C. 645",
        "category": "reporters:state",
        "reporter": "N.C.",
        "case_ids": [
          8625615
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        "pin_cites": [
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            "page": "647"
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      {
        "cite": "436 S.E.2d 878",
        "category": "reporters:state_regional",
        "reporter": "S.E.2d",
        "year": 1993,
        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "page": "883",
            "parenthetical": "quoting N.C.G.S. \u00a7 8C-1, Rule 407"
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        ],
        "opinion_index": 0
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      {
        "cite": "112 N.C. App. 739",
        "category": "reporters:state",
        "reporter": "N.C. App.",
        "case_ids": [
          8523763
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        "cite": "311 S.E.2d 559",
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        "year": 1984,
        "pin_cites": [
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            "page": "564"
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        "cite": "310 N.C. 227",
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            "page": "232"
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      {
        "cite": "365 S.E.2d 898",
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        "reporter": "S.E.2d",
        "year": 1988,
        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "page": "900",
            "parenthetical": "citing W. Prosser, Handbook of the Law of Torts \u00a7 31 (5th ed. 1984), and Hairston v. Alexander Tank & Equipment Co., 310 N.C. 227, 232, 311 S.E.2d 559, 564 (1984)"
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        "cite": "321 N.C. 706",
        "category": "reporters:state",
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        "pin_cites": [
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            "page": "709",
            "parenthetical": "citing W. Prosser, Handbook of the Law of Torts \u00a7 31 (5th ed. 1984), and Hairston v. Alexander Tank & Equipment Co., 310 N.C. 227, 232, 311 S.E.2d 559, 564 (1984)"
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      {
        "cite": "192 S.E.2d 273",
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        "reporter": "S.E.2d",
        "year": 1972,
        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "page": "277",
            "parenthetical": "citation omitted"
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        "opinion_index": 0
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      {
        "cite": "282 N.C. 278",
        "category": "reporters:state",
        "reporter": "N.C.",
        "case_ids": [
          8564321
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        "year": 1972,
        "pin_cites": [
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            "page": "284",
            "parenthetical": "citation omitted"
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        "cite": "153 S.E.2d 335",
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        "year": 1967,
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        "cite": "269 N.C. 667",
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        "year": 1967,
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      {
        "cite": "271 S.E.2d 91",
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            "page": "94",
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            "page": "240, 242"
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            "page": "94-95"
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        "cite": "49 N.C. App. 234",
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            "page": "239",
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        "cite": "193 S.E. 294",
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        "cite": "212 N.C. 100",
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        "cite": "63 S.E.2d 173",
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            "page": "177",
            "parenthetical": "citing Hildebrand v. Furniture Co., 212 N.C. 100, 193 S.E. 294 (1937)"
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      {
        "cite": "233 N.C. 88",
        "category": "reporters:state",
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        "case_ids": [
          8599630
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        "pin_cites": [
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            "page": "93",
            "parenthetical": "citing Hildebrand v. Furniture Co., 212 N.C. 100, 193 S.E. 294 (1937)"
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      {
        "cite": "551 S.E.2d 486",
        "category": "reporters:state_regional",
        "reporter": "S.E.2d",
        "year": 2001,
        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "page": "490",
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        ],
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      {
        "cite": "145 N.C. App. 584",
        "category": "reporters:state",
        "reporter": "N.C. App.",
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          11439001
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        "year": 2001,
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        "cite": "111 S.E.2d 844",
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            "page": "849"
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      {
        "cite": "251 N.C. 603",
        "category": "reporters:state",
        "reporter": "N.C.",
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          8626670
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            "page": "609"
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      {
        "cite": "341 S.E.2d 339",
        "category": "reporters:state_regional",
        "reporter": "S.E.2d",
        "weight": 2,
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        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "page": "340-41"
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          {
            "page": "341",
            "parenthetical": "stating that the NCDOT's \"duty to maintain the right-of-way necessarily carried with it the duty to make periodic inspections\" and concluding that the NCDOT could be found negligent based on implied notice of a hazardous condition on the right-of-way"
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      {
        "cite": "80 N.C. App. 135",
        "category": "reporters:state",
        "reporter": "N.C. App.",
        "case_ids": [
          8522189
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        "weight": 2,
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        "pin_cites": [
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            "page": "136-37"
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            "page": "138",
            "parenthetical": "stating that the NCDOT's \"duty to maintain the right-of-way necessarily carried with it the duty to make periodic inspections\" and concluding that the NCDOT could be found negligent based on implied notice of a hazardous condition on the right-of-way"
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        "cite": "163 S.E.2d 652",
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        "year": 1968,
        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "page": "656"
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        ],
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      {
        "cite": "2 N.C. App. 645",
        "category": "reporters:state",
        "reporter": "N.C. App.",
        "case_ids": [
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            "page": "651"
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      {
        "cite": "167 S.E.2d 787",
        "category": "reporters:state_regional",
        "reporter": "S.E.2d",
        "year": 1969,
        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "page": "789"
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      {
        "cite": "5 N.C. App. 188",
        "category": "reporters:state",
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        "case_ids": [
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      {
        "cite": "576 S.E.2d 345",
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        "weight": 4,
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        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "page": "351",
            "parenthetical": "quoting Taylor v. Jackson Training School, 5 N.C. App. 188, 191, 167 S.E.2d 787, 789 (1969). The plaintiff has the burden of proof on the issue of negligence. Bailey v. N. C. Dept. of Mental Health, 2 N.C. App. 645, 651, 163 S.E.2d 652, 656 (1968"
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            "page": "351"
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            "page": "348",
            "parenthetical": "upholding an opinion regarding defendant's negligence that did not address the cost to NCDOT of installing warning signs"
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          {
            "page": "351-52",
            "parenthetical": "affirming the Commission's finding that the DOT negligently failed to maintain a railroad crossing, in dereliction of its statutory duty to do so"
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      {
        "cite": "156 N.C. App. 92",
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            "page": "100",
            "parenthetical": "quoting Taylor v. Jackson Training School, 5 N.C. App. 188, 191, 167 S.E.2d 787, 789 (1969). The plaintiff has the burden of proof on the issue of negligence. Bailey v. N. C. Dept. of Mental Health, 2 N.C. App. 645, 651, 163 S.E.2d 652, 656 (1968"
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            "page": "100"
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          {
            "page": "95",
            "parenthetical": "upholding an opinion regarding defendant's negligence that did not address the cost to NCDOT of installing warning signs"
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            "page": "101"
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      {
        "cite": "128 S.E.2d 810",
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        "reporter": "S.E.2d",
        "year": 1963,
        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "page": "813"
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        "opinion_index": 0
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      {
        "cite": "258 N.C. 505",
        "category": "reporters:state",
        "reporter": "N.C.",
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          8561406
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        "year": 1963,
        "pin_cites": [
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            "page": "508"
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      {
        "cite": "496 S.E.2d 790",
        "category": "reporters:state_regional",
        "reporter": "S.E.2d",
        "weight": 2,
        "year": 1998,
        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "page": "792-93",
            "parenthetical": "citing Wirth v. Bracey, 258 N.C. 505, 508, 128 S.E.2d 810, 813 (1963)"
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          {
            "page": "793"
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      {
        "cite": "128 N.C. App. 402",
        "category": "reporters:state",
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            "page": "405",
            "parenthetical": "citing Wirth v. Bracey, 258 N.C. 505, 508, 128 S.E.2d 810, 813 (1963)"
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            "page": "405"
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      {
        "cite": "226 S.E.2d 371",
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        "reporter": "S.E.2d",
        "year": 1976,
        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "page": "380",
            "parenthetical": "\"Ordinarily our legal system operates in an adversary mode. One incident of this mode is that only those who properly appeal from the judgment of the trial divisions can get relief in the appellate divisions. This can be a strict requirement.\""
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        ],
        "opinion_index": 1
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      {
        "cite": "290 N.C. 410",
        "category": "reporters:state",
        "reporter": "N.C.",
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        "year": 1976,
        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "page": "424",
            "parenthetical": "\"Ordinarily our legal system operates in an adversary mode. One incident of this mode is that only those who properly appeal from the judgment of the trial divisions can get relief in the appellate divisions. This can be a strict requirement.\""
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        ],
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      {
        "cite": "156 S.E. 126",
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        "reporter": "S.E.",
        "year": 1930,
        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "page": "128"
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        "opinion_index": 1
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      {
        "cite": "199 N.C. 788",
        "category": "reporters:state",
        "reporter": "N.C.",
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        "year": 1930,
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            "page": "792"
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      {
        "cite": "361 S.E.2d 562",
        "category": "reporters:state_regional",
        "reporter": "S.E.2d",
        "year": 1987,
        "pin_cites": [
          {
            "parenthetical": "quoting Guyton v. North Carolina Board of Transp., 30 N.C. App. 87, 90, 226 S.E.2d 175, 177 (1976)"
          }
        ],
        "opinion_index": 1
      },
      {
        "cite": "321 N.C. 117",
        "category": "reporters:state",
        "reporter": "N.C.",
        "case_ids": [
          2568718
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        "year": 1987,
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    "name": "JAMES H. SLAUGHTER, Trustee of the Freeman C. Slaughter and Genevieve P. Slaughter Charitable Remainder Trust, FREEMAN C. SLAUGHTER, and GENEVIEVE P. SLAUGHTER, Plaintiffs v. J. TODD SWICEGOOD, RAYMOND JAMES & ASSOCIATES, INC., RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC., THE ESTATE OF ROBERT LEE SAUNDERS, SAMUEL T. GOFORTH, and SAUNDERS & GOFORTH, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, P.A., Defendants",
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