{ "id": 8553302, "name": "J. A. CLARK, Trading and Doing Business as J. A. CLARK PLUMBING COMPANY v. WILLIAM J. MORRIS and Wife, ERLENE S. MORRIS, W. T. EMMART, Trustee, FIRST CITIZENS BANK AND TRUST COMPANY", "name_abbreviation": "Clark v. Morris", "decision_date": "1968-09-18", "docket_number": "No. 685SC252", "first_page": "388", "last_page": "391", "citations": [ { "type": "official", "cite": "2 N.C. App. 388" } ], "court": { "name_abbreviation": "N.C. Ct. App.", "id": 14983, "name": "North Carolina Court of Appeals" }, "jurisdiction": { "id": 5, "name_long": "North Carolina", "name": "N.C." }, "cites_to": [ { "cite": "84 S.E. 2d 828", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "241 N.C. 170", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8604817 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/241/0170-01" ] }, { "cite": "24 S.E. 2d 350", "category": "reporters:state_regional", "reporter": "S.E.2d", "opinion_index": 0 }, { "cite": "222 N.C. 585", "category": "reporters:state", "reporter": "N.C.", "case_ids": [ 8631471 ], "opinion_index": 0, "case_paths": [ "/nc/222/0585-01" ] } ], "analysis": { "cardinality": 382, "char_count": 7949, "ocr_confidence": 0.529, "pagerank": { "raw": 1.3753234327346296e-07, "percentile": 0.6393529120809746 }, "sha256": "ec3f8b6876187e5bd5737d6375dfd12b6d964b2b386199008f5b8389c8239e6e", "simhash": "1:1b4794295cdcd450", "word_count": 1370 }, "last_updated": "2023-07-14T19:15:57.624547+00:00", "provenance": { "date_added": "2019-08-29", "source": "Harvard", "batch": "2018" }, "casebody": { "judges": [ "Britt and Parker, JJ., concur." ], "parties": [ "J. A. CLARK, Trading and Doing Business as J. A. CLARK PLUMBING COMPANY v. WILLIAM J. MORRIS and Wife, ERLENE S. MORRIS, W. T. EMMART, Trustee, FIRST CITIZENS BANK AND TRUST COMPANY" ], "opinions": [ { "text": "Brock, J.\nPlaintiff assigns as error the entry of nonsuit as to Erlene S. Morris.\nPlaintiff argued in his brief that he contracted with both the defendants who were engaged in the business of building and selling houses. He offered the testimony of William J. Morris on direct examination which tended to show that title to some of the lots purchased, and upon which houses were built, were placed in the names of both defendants; that Erlene S. Morris signed notes and mortgages for loans made to build houses on a speculative basis because the bank required her signature; that when second mortgages were taken to secure a part of the purchase price, the notes were made payable to both defendants; that the wife answered telephone calls at home and if there was a message for her husband she transmitted it to him; that defendants filed a joint personal income tax return: On cross-examination William J. Morris stated he operated as a sole proprietorship, and that his wife was not his business partner. In our opinion such evidence was not sufficient to permit submitting to the jury an issue of whether the defendants were acting as partners in the building of the house for which plaintiff furnished labor and materials.\nPlaintiff offered no evidence that Erlene S. Morris entered into a contract with the plaintiff. Yet he testified that he knew that the land against which he sought to perfect a lien was owned by Mr. and Mrs. Morris by the entirety. A husband is not jure mariti the agent of his wife, and if such agency is relied upon it must be proven. Pitt v. Speight, 222 N.C. 585, 24 S.E. 2d 350.\nWe are of the opinion that the question has been put to rest in Air Conditioning Co. v. Douglass, 241 N.C. 170, 84 S.E. 2d 828. In that case defendant Douglass was engaged in the business of building and selling houses. The real estate was owned by him and his wife by the entirety. Mr. Douglass made all the arrangements for the heating system which was installed by the plaintiff. The Superior Court held in the Douglass case, supra, and the Supreme Court affirmed, that the contract was with Mr. Douglass and Mrs. Douglass was not a party to it and did not affirm or ratify it; thus, the Court did not give judgment against her and there was no lien against the property.\nIn Douglass the Court said: \u201cA laborers\u2019 and material-men\u2019s lien arises out of the relationship of debtor and creditor, and it is for the debt that the lien is created by Statute. Without a contract the lien does not exist . . . Mere knowledge that work is being done or material furnished on one\u2019s property does not enable the person furnishing the labor or material to obtain a lien.\u201d\nCounsel for plaintiff, with considerable fervor, urges that nonsuit of the case against the wife creates an easy method by which unscrupulous husbands can defraud creditors who furnish labor and material for entirety property. However, there seems to be no danger of such catastrophe so long as the creditor exercises reasonable judgment in determining with whom he is dealing and upon whose property he is furnishing labor and materials. A contract with the owners is the simple expedient. In this case the plaintiff knew the property was owned by husband and wife, but he chose not to secure the wife\u2019s concurrence or signature; he chose to rely solely upon the husband\u2019s promise to pay.\nWe hold that the defendant Erlene S. Morris was not a party to the contract with plaintiff; thus, he was not entitled to a lien against the entirety property. Judgment of nonsuit was properly entered in the case against Erlene S. Morris.\nAffirmed.\nBritt and Parker, JJ., concur.", "type": "majority", "author": "Brock, J." } ], "attorneys": [ "Addison Hewlett, Jr., and Jerry L. Spivey, by Addison Hewlett, Jr., Attorneys for plaintiff appellant.", "Burnett and Burnett, by Gilbert H. Burnett, Attorneys for defendant appellees." ], "corrections": "", "head_matter": "J. A. CLARK, Trading and Doing Business as J. A. CLARK PLUMBING COMPANY v. WILLIAM J. MORRIS and Wife, ERLENE S. MORRIS, W. T. EMMART, Trustee, FIRST CITIZENS BANK AND TRUST COMPANY\nNo. 685SC252\n(Filed 18 September 1968)\n1. Husband and Wife \u00a7 3; Laborers\u2019 and Materialmen\u2019s Liens \u00a7 2\u2014 entirety property \u2014 enforcement of lien \u2014 contract with husband and wife\nIn a contractor\u2019s action to recover the value of labor and materials furnished in the building of a house and to enforce a lien against real estate held by the individual defendants as tenants by the entirety, the evidence is insufficient to permit a jury finding that the defendants, husband and wife, were acting as partners in the building of the house where plaintiff\u2019s evidence tended to show only that (1) title to some of the lots and houses were in the names of both defendants, (2) the wife signed notes and mortgages for loans to build houses because the bank required her signature, (3) the wife answered telephone calls at home and transmitted messages to her husband, and (4) they filed a joint personal income tax return, and where plaintiff testified that he knew the land against which he sought to perfect a lien was owned by defendants by the entirety but offered no evidence that the wife entered into the contract with him.\n2. Husband and Wife \u00a7 3\u2014 agency of one spouse for the other A husband is not jure mariti the agent of his wife, and if such agency is relied upon it must be proven.\n3. Laborers\u2019 and Materialmen\u2019s Liens \u00a7 1\u2014 nature and grounds of lien\nA laborers\u2019 and materialmen\u2019s lien arises out of the relationship of debtor and creditor, and it is for the debt that .the lien is created by statute; without a contract the lien does not exist.\n4. Laborers\u2019 and Materialmen\u2019s Liens \u00a7 1\u2014 grounds for lien \u2014 knowledge by owner\nMere knowledge that work is being done or material furnished on one\u2019s property does not enable the person furnishing the labor or material to obtain a lien.\nAppeal by plaintiff from Hubbard, J., 20 May 1968 Session, New HaNOVer Superior Court.\nThis is a civil action to recover the value of labor and materials furnished and to enforce a lien against real estate held in the name of the individual defendants as tenants by the entirety.\nThe complaint alleges that this contract was with both William J. Morris and his wife, Erlene S. Morris, and the amount claimed for these services and materials is $1,978.00; that the defendants contracted with the plaintiff to install plumbing, and contracted to pay plaintiff the above sum for the materials and labor.\nThe complaint further alleges that in accordance with the contract the plaintiff furnished the materials and performed the work from 7 June 1966 through 10 September 1966, and that the defendants have failed to pay the $1,978D0 due.\nThe complaint also alleges that the plaintiff filed notice of lien in the Office of the Clerk of Superior Court of New Hanover County on 21 September 1966. Plaintiff seeks judgment against the defendants and asks that this judgment be declared a lien against the entirety property.\nDefendants admit that plaintiff installed the plumbing and performed the labor, but expressly deny that the defendant Erlene S. Morris contracted with the plaintiff for any labor or materials.\nAs a further answer and defense, defendants allege that all labor and materials furnished by the plaintiff were furnished solely to the defendant William J. Morris, trading as Bill Morris Building and Realty Company; that the property in question was owned jointly by the defendants as tenants by the entirety; that the plaintiff is not entitled to a lien on the property of the defendants; and that the notice of lien wrongfully filed is a cloud on the title to the property and should be removed.\nAt the close of plaintiff\u2019s evidence, defendant Erlene S. Morris moved for a judgment of nonsuit as to her; this motion was allowed. Judgment was entered against defendant William J. Morris for the sum of $1,978.00, plus interest from 7 June 1966.\nFrom the entry of judgment of nonsuit in the case against Erlene S. Morris, the plaintiff appealed.\nAddison Hewlett, Jr., and Jerry L. Spivey, by Addison Hewlett, Jr., Attorneys for plaintiff appellant.\nBurnett and Burnett, by Gilbert H. Burnett, Attorneys for defendant appellees." }, "file_name": "0388-01", "first_page_order": 408, "last_page_order": 411 }