{
  "id": 8526149,
  "name": "DEBORAH MELISSA CHEEK CASSIDY v. ANNIE CAVINESS CHEEK and CURTIS ASTOR MOORE",
  "name_abbreviation": "Cassidy v. Cheek",
  "decision_date": "1982-09-07",
  "docket_number": "No. 8119SC946",
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      "year": 1965,
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          "page": "640"
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    {
      "cite": "264 N.C. 694",
      "category": "reporters:state",
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T18:20:52.636886+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
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  "casebody": {
    "judges": [
      "Judges Webb and Wells concur."
    ],
    "parties": [
      "DEBORAH MELISSA CHEEK CASSIDY v. ANNIE CAVINESS CHEEK and CURTIS ASTOR MOORE"
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "WHICHARD, Judge.\nDefendant Cheek\nPlaintiff was injured while a passenger in a car driven by her mother, defendant Cheek. The accident occurred on 22 September 1975. G.S. 1-539.21 (Cum. Supp. 1981), which abolished parent-child immunity in actions for personal injury arising out of the operation of a motor vehicle, applies to causes of action accruing on and after 1 October 1975. An unemancipated minor child injured prior to 1 October 1975 by the ordinary negligence of its parent has no right of action against the parent. E.g., Foster v. Foster, 264 N.C. 694, 697, 142 S.E. 2d 638, 640 (1965); Morgan v. Johnson, 24 N.C. App. 307, 308, 210 S.E. 2d 503, 504 (1974).\nIn her motion for summary judgment defendant Cheek alleged that on 22 September 1975 \u201cplaintiff was an unemancipated, 17 year old child living in the home of this defendant and subject to this defendant\u2019s care and supervision.\u201d The record reveals no forecast of contrary evidence by plaintiff.\nSummary judgment is properly granted where there is no genuine issue of material fact and a party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. G.S. 1A-1, Rule 56(c). There is no genuine issue regarding the material fact that plaintiff was an unemancipated minor at the time of her injury, and the law is clear that at that time the suit was barred by the parent-child immunity doctrine. Summary judgment in favor of defendant Cheek was therefore proper.\nDefendant Moore\nPlaintiff originally sued defendant Moore on this claim in September 1978. On 23 March 1979 defendant Moore filed interrogatories and a request for production of certain documents. On 18 July 1979, upon motion by defendant Moore, Judge Brewer ordered plaintiff to answer the interrogatories and to produce the documents within thirty days. On 14 December 1979 Judge Davis found that plaintiff had failed to produce the requested documents as ordered. He ordered that \u201cif the plaintiff fails to produce . . . those documents . . . before January 7, 1980, then plaintiffs action shall be and the same will be dismissed with prejudice . . . .\u201d The documents were not filed \u201cbefore January 7, 1980\u201d as required by the order.\nOn 9 January 1980 plaintiff filed a notice of voluntary dismissal in the action. On 6 January 1981 she commenced a new action against defendant Moore based on the same claim. Judge Wood granted defendant Moore\u2019s motion for summary judgment and dismissed the action with prejudice.\nPlaintiff contends that her voluntary dismissal pursuant to G.S. 1A-1, Rule 41(a)(1), was filed prior to entry of any judgment of involuntary dismissal with prejudice pursuant to the 14 December 1979 order, and thus was timely. She argues that Judge Wood therefore erred in dismissing with prejudice her new action based on the same claim commenced within one year after the dismissal. G.S. 1A-1, Rule 41(a)(1). We disagree, and accordingly affirm.\nJudge Davis\u2019 14 December 1979 order that if plaintiff failed to produce the requested documents as ordered the action \u201cshall be and the same will be dismissed with prejudice\u201d was authorized by G.S. 1A-1, Rule 37, which establishes \u201cdismissing the action . . . or any part thereof\u2019 as a permissible sanction if a party fails to obey an order to provide or permit discovery. Further, \u201cas a general rule the court, in its discretion, may make a dismissal. . . conditional on plaintiffs noncompliance with the terms imposed by its order.\u201d 27 C.J.S., Dismissal & Nonsuit, \u00a7 74, pp. 475-76. Judge Davis, then, had discretionary authority to enter the order; and in view of plaintiffs dilatoriness and recalcitrance with regard to discovery requests and orders, entry thereof was not an abuse of discretion.\nSubject only to the possibility of compliance by plaintiff \u201cbefore January 7, 1980,\u201d Judge Davis\u2019 order effectuated a Rule 37 dismissal of the action. That plaintiff failed to comply with the order is clear. Thus, when plaintiff filed her voluntary dismissal on 9 January 1980, her action had been dismissed; and the voluntary dismissal came too late.\nIn view of Judge Davis\u2019 14 December 1979 order requiring dismissal of the action upon plaintiffs noncompliance with the discovery order, and of plaintiffs noncompliance therewith, any action by Judge Wood other than dismissal with prejudice would have violated the \u201cwell settled [rule] that the findings and decisions of one superior court judge are not subject to review by another superior court judge.\u201d Topping v. Board of Education, 249 N.C. 291, 297, 106 S.E. 2d 502, 507 (1959). In view of plaintiff\u2019s conspicuous dilatoriness and recalcitrance in the discovery process, any other action would also have undermined effective implementation of Rule 37 sanctions in a situation which manifestly implored their imposition.\nWe hold the judgments properly entered, and they are accordingly\nAffirmed.\nJudges Webb and Wells concur.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "WHICHARD, Judge."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Ottway Burton, P.A., for plaintiff appellant.",
      "Gavin and Pugh, by W. Ed Gavin, for defendant appellee Cheek.",
      "Tuggle, Duggins, Meschan, Thornton & Elrod, P.A., by Richard L. Vanore, for defendant appellee Moore."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "DEBORAH MELISSA CHEEK CASSIDY v. ANNIE CAVINESS CHEEK and CURTIS ASTOR MOORE\nNo. 8119SC946\n(Filed 7 September 1982)\n1. Infants \u00a7 3; Parent and Child \u00a7 2.1\u2014 parent-child immunity doctrine \u2014child injured prior to 1 October 1975\nWhere plaintiff was injured while a passenger in a car driven by her mother on 22 September 1975, and there was no genuine issue regarding the material fact that plaintiff was an unemancipated minor at the time of her injury, the law is clear that at the time of the accident the suit was barred by the parent-child immunity doctrine since G.S. 1-539.21 (Cum. Supp. 1981), which abolished parent-child immunity in actions for personal injury arising out of the operation of a motor vehicle, applies to causes of action accruing on or after 1 October 1975.\n2. Rules of Civil Procedure \u00a7\u00a7 37, 41\u2014 action dismissed for failure to comply with discovery order \u2014 subsequent voluntary dismissal ineffective\nWhere on 18 July 1979, a judge ordered plaintiff to answer interrogatories and to produce documents within 30 days, and where on 14 December 1979 the plaintiff had failed to produce the documents as ordered and a court ordered that \u201cif the plaintiff fails to produce . . . those documents . . . before January 7, 1980, then plaintiffs action shall be and the same will be dismissed with prejudice . . the documents were not filed before 7 January 1980 as requested; on 9 January 1980 plaintiff filed a notice of voluntary dismissal; and on 6 January 1981 she commenced a new action against defendant based on the same claim, the trial judge did not err in granting defendant\u2019s motion for summary judgment since when plaintiff filed her voluntary dismissal on 9 January 1980, her action had been dismissed; and the voluntary dismissal came too late.\nAppeal by plaintiff from Wood, Judge. Judgments entered 8 April 1981 in Superior Court, Randolph County. Heard in the Court of Appeals 28 April 1982.\nPlaintiff sued defendants, drivers of two cars involved in a collision in which she was injured. The trial court granted summary judgment in favor of both defendants and dismissed the actions against them with prejudice.\nPlaintiff appeals.\nOttway Burton, P.A., for plaintiff appellant.\nGavin and Pugh, by W. Ed Gavin, for defendant appellee Cheek.\nTuggle, Duggins, Meschan, Thornton & Elrod, P.A., by Richard L. Vanore, for defendant appellee Moore."
  },
  "file_name": "0742-01",
  "first_page_order": 774,
  "last_page_order": 777
}
