{
  "id": 8526979,
  "name": "R. E. FRAVER, J. RIVES MANNING, JR., J. C. FAUST, HUBERT HAMPTON MARTIN, WILLIAM A. PLEASANT, C. B. WEATHERLY, JR., JERRY HOLT, LEE WILLIAMS, JIMMY McELRATH, DWIGHT FRAVER, MIKE STEINER, DAVID MARION, JAMES K. WRIGHT, CHARLES T. MONTJOY, JR., WILLIAM A. DAVENPORT, JR., ALBERT L. HUDSON, MAX K. ROBERTS, TED BRIGHT, DON R. MATTHEWS, LLOYD EDWIN SCOTT, and BILLY RAY STALEY, PLAINTIFFS; WILLIAM S. KIRBY, HERBERT M. SPEAS, JR., ROBERT L. DOBBINS, LINDA G. HAMRICK, DENNIS L. RILEY, SR., CHARLES D. TODD, and EDWARD L. LOWDER, Intervenor-Plaintiffs; RON WORTHINGTON, DAVID BREEDEN, PEGGY HORNEY, HARRY HORNEY, and WALTER F. JOHNSON, Plaintiffs; ROBERT J. WOMBLE, Intervenor-Plaintiff v. NORTH CAROLINA FARM BUREAU MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY, A corporation, Defendant",
  "name_abbreviation": "Fraver v. North Carolina Farm Bureau Mutual Insurance",
  "decision_date": "1984-08-07",
  "docket_number": "No. 8314SC990",
  "first_page": "733",
  "last_page": "739",
  "citations": [
    {
      "type": "official",
      "cite": "69 N.C. App. 733"
    }
  ],
  "court": {
    "name_abbreviation": "N.C. Ct. App.",
    "id": 14983,
    "name": "North Carolina Court of Appeals"
  },
  "jurisdiction": {
    "id": 5,
    "name_long": "North Carolina",
    "name": "N.C."
  },
  "cites_to": [
    {
      "cite": "274 S.E. 2d 206",
      "category": "reporters:state_regional",
      "reporter": "S.E.2d",
      "year": 1981,
      "pin_cites": [
        {
          "page": "209"
        }
      ],
      "opinion_index": 0
    },
    {
      "cite": "302 N.C. 207",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "N.C.",
      "case_ids": [
        8564464
      ],
      "year": 1981,
      "pin_cites": [
        {
          "page": "211"
        }
      ],
      "opinion_index": 0,
      "case_paths": [
        "/nc/302/0207-01"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cite": "289 S.E. 2d 363",
      "category": "reporters:state_regional",
      "reporter": "S.E.2d",
      "year": 1982,
      "opinion_index": 0
    },
    {
      "cite": "305 N.C. 366",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "N.C.",
      "case_ids": [
        8569908
      ],
      "year": 1982,
      "opinion_index": 0,
      "case_paths": [
        "/nc/305/0366-01"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "analysis": {
    "cardinality": 618,
    "char_count": 14714,
    "ocr_confidence": 0.81,
    "pagerank": {
      "raw": 2.533002620098173e-07,
      "percentile": 0.8126695803500513
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    "sha256": "fa0cd50fd81eb4642b67211098585fe6ad2fb39b282117c2f77763196d3c0978",
    "simhash": "1:eae6413a3110f1f0",
    "word_count": 2297
  },
  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T19:17:04.613219+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
  },
  "casebody": {
    "judges": [
      "Judges Arnold and Eagles concur."
    ],
    "parties": [
      "R. E. FRAVER, J. RIVES MANNING, JR., J. C. FAUST, HUBERT HAMPTON MARTIN, WILLIAM A. PLEASANT, C. B. WEATHERLY, JR., JERRY HOLT, LEE WILLIAMS, JIMMY McELRATH, DWIGHT FRAVER, MIKE STEINER, DAVID MARION, JAMES K. WRIGHT, CHARLES T. MONTJOY, JR., WILLIAM A. DAVENPORT, JR., ALBERT L. HUDSON, MAX K. ROBERTS, TED BRIGHT, DON R. MATTHEWS, LLOYD EDWIN SCOTT, and BILLY RAY STALEY, PLAINTIFFS; WILLIAM S. KIRBY, HERBERT M. SPEAS, JR., ROBERT L. DOBBINS, LINDA G. HAMRICK, DENNIS L. RILEY, SR., CHARLES D. TODD, and EDWARD L. LOWDER, Intervenor-Plaintiffs; RON WORTHINGTON, DAVID BREEDEN, PEGGY HORNEY, HARRY HORNEY, and WALTER F. JOHNSON, Plaintiffs; ROBERT J. WOMBLE, Intervenor-Plaintiff v. NORTH CAROLINA FARM BUREAU MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY, A corporation, Defendant"
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "BRASWELL, Judge.\nIn a dispute between the insurance company and its former agents and agency managers, the plaintiffs and intervenor-plaintiffs contend that they were entitled to certain bonus renewal commissions for the year 1979 pursuant to their agent/agency manager agreements. The defendant, on the other hand, asserts that according to these agent/agency manager contracts it was not obligated to pay the bonus renewal commissions since the insurance company\u2019s loss ratio exceeded sixty-three percent in 1979. Upon the defendant\u2019s motion, the trial court entered summary judgment in favor of the defendant. The plaintiffs and intervenorplaintiffs have appealed this ruling.\nProcedurally, the present controversy originally began as two lawsuits. Both suits set forth the same factual allegations but were brought by different plaintiffs. William S. Kirby, et al., were allowed to intervene in the Fraver action. Robert Womble was permitted to intervene in the Worthington suit. Pursuant to the plaintiffs\u2019 motion, the trial court consolidated the matters for hearing on the defendant\u2019s motion for summary judgment.\nNorth Carolina Farm Bureau Mutual Insurance Company markets its insurance through independent agents. Each agent or agency manager must enter into an agent/agency manager agreement with the defendant which governs their relationship. Those agreements provide for the payment of a bonus renewal commission to the agent/agency manager if certain stated preconditions are satisfied. The Agent\u2019s Contract states:\n10. Company shall pay to Agent a bonus of 2% of all his premiums, (excluding Crop Hail and Tobacco Floater) in his territory, if a production quota assigned by the Company is reached and if the Company loss ratio (annual statement to Insurance Department) for the year in question does not exceed 63\u00b0/o ....\nThis precondition is also contained in the Agency Manager\u2019s Agreement.\nIn 1979, the plaintiff and intervenor-plaintiffs were not paid a bonus renewal commission. The defendant contends that the commission was not paid because the company loss ratio, as reflected in its annual report to the North Carolina Department of Insurance, exceeded 63\u00b0/o. The defendant further asserts that, in determining whether the 63% loss ratio precondition has been met, it has consistently used (in previous years when the commission was paid as well as in 1979) the figure found on Form 2, Underwriting and Investing Investment Exhibit on page 9, line 31, column 8 of the Annual Statement to the Insurance Department. The plaintiffs and intervenor-plaintiffs contend that re-coupments received by the defendant through its participation in the North Carolina Motor Vehicle Reinsurance Facility (hereinafter referred to as the Facility) for the year 1979 should be included in the loss ratio calculation which would, in turn, make the loss ratio for 1979 less than 63%.\nThe ultimate issue on appeal is whether the trial court properly granted the defendant\u2019s motion for summary judgment. G.S. 1A-1, Rule 56(c) states that summary judgment will be granted \u201cif the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that any party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.\u201d The moving party has the burden of showing that no genuine issue of fact exists for trial. In rebuttal, the nonmovant must then set forth specific facts showing that a genuine issue does in fact remain. Lowe v. Bradford, 305 N.C. 366, 289 S.E. 2d 363 (1982).\nIn support of its motion, the defendant offered the affidavit of Bobby W. Gray, Deputy Commissioner with the Technical Operations Division of the North Carolina Department of Insurance. Mr. Gray stated that he had personal knowledge of the defendant\u2019s 1979 Annual Statement filed with the insurance department, that the statement was accepted by the department as a correct presentation of the company\u2019s financial condition for the year 1979, and that no insurance company can deviate from the form furnished by the department to the insurance company for its completion and submission of its annual statement. Furthermore, he provided:\n6. The requirements and policies of the North Carolina Department of Insurance would not allow the North Carolina Farm Bureau Mutual Insurance Company or any domestic insurance company to amend its 1979 annual statement based on receipt of recoupment fees received for the North Carolina Reinsurance Facility in the year 1980 regardless of the policy year to which all or a portion of the recoupment fees might relate.\n* * * *\n8. The receipt of any recoupment fees from the North Carolina Reinsurance Facility . . . must be reflected on the annual statement for the year in which they were received by the company.\nIn effect, the defendant was required to add in the recoupment fees received for losses incurred in 1979 on its 1980 annual statement. Otherwise, according to Mr. Gray, a substantially less accurate loss ratio figure for the year 1979 would result. He asserted that \u201c[t]he most accurate and complete loss ratio figure ... in the annual statement ... is contained as a part of Form 2, Underwriting and Investing Investment Exhibit on page 9, line 31, column 8.\u201d Furthermore, in his affidavit Paul L. Mize, manager of the North Carolina Reinsurance Facility, stated that no recoupment dollars were distributed to the defendant or to the Facility\u2019s other members during the 1979 calendar year. Thus, it was impossible for recoupment fees to have changed the fact that the loss ratio figure exceeded 63% since the 1979 losses recouped in 1980 had to be reported in 1980 and since there were no re-coupment fees distributed in 1979 to report.\nIn addition to Gray\u2019s affidavit, the defendant offered the affidavit of G. D. Culp, Farm Bureau\u2019s General Manager, who was familiar with the agent/agency manager contracts and was directly involved in the formulation of the 63% loss ratio limitation. Mr. Culp stated that the company loss ratio referred to in the 63% limitation \u201chas consistently been that loss ratio contained as a part of Form 2, . . . page 9, line 31, column 8 of the annual statement to the Insurance Department.\u201d He also acknowledged that, in determining whether the 63% loss ratio limitation has been satisfied for the payment of the bonus renewal commissions, the company has used only that specified loss ratio figure \u201cin years previous, subsequent to, and including the 1979 year.\u201d\nSimilarly, J. H. McMillian, the defendant\u2019s Accounting Manager, stated in his affidavit that this loss ratio figure found on Form 2, page 9, line 31, column 8 of the annual statement is the most accurate and complete loss ratio figure for an indication of the company\u2019s financial condition for any given year and is the only figure which has been used in determining whether the loss ratio has exceeded 63%. According to Mr. McMillian, \u201c[t]he Company loss ratio as reflected in its annual statement to the North Carolina Department of Insurance exceeded sixty-three percent (63%) for the 1979 year.\u201d Thus, by the terms of the agent/agency manager agreements the company was not obligated to pay a bonus renewal commission that year.\nWe hold that the defendant has met its burden of showing no genuine issue of fact exists for trial. According to the terms of the plaintiffs\u2019 and plaintiff-intervenors\u2019 contracts and the accounting requirements of the Department of Insurance with regard to Facility recoupment fees, the defendant was under no obligation to pay a bonus renewal commission when its loss ratio exceeded 63% in 1979.\nIn rebuttal, the plaintiffs and plaintiff-intervenors contend that the establishment of the North Carolina Reinsurance Facility caused such a change of circumstances to justify the application of the frustration of purpose doctrine. We must disagree. In the first place, the doctrine of frustration of purpose operates to excuse performance of a contract, not compel performance by the other party as sued for by plaintiffs and plaintiff-intervenors in this case. Secondly, the doctrine does not apply if the parties have in their contract allocated the risk involved in the frustrating event. See Brenner v. School House, Ltd., 302 N.C. 207, 211, 274 S.E. 2d 206, 209 (1981). In the present case, the loss ratio precondition was bargained for and understood. By entering into their respective agreements, the plaintiffs and plaintiff-inter-venors accepted the risk that the loss ratio might exceed 63% for a given year and that their bonus renewal commissions would not be paid. In any event, the plaintiffs and plaintiff-intervenors offered no evidence that the defendant\u2019s legally required association with the Reinsurance Facility affected the company loss ratio to their detriment. Although according to Charles Kralick, certified public accountant, that if the 1979 recoupment fees had been included in the annual statement the loss ratio for that year would have been below 63%, this fact is not evidence of a causal connection between the creation of the Reinsurance Facility and the 1979 loss ratio figure exceeding 63%. Their mere assertion without the presentation of other supporting evidence that the ratio loss column in the defendant\u2019s annual statement \u201cnow means something different than before the facility was created\u201d is insufficient to rebut the defendant\u2019s showing that no genuine issue of fact remains for trial.\nThe plaintiffs and plaintiff-intervenors further assert that there is a genuine issue of fact as to whether the loss ratio precondition which was incorporated into many of the plaintiffs\u2019 contracts by way of amendment was supported by consideration. In support of this contention, they have offered the affidavits of two insurance agents who worked for the defendant before and after the 63% loss ratio amendment was added into their contracts in 1970. We must reject their argument on two bases. First of all, the agent/agency manager contracts were terminable at will by either party. Employment contracts which are terminable at will may be modified at any time by either party with the continuance of the relationship serving as the consideration for the modification. 56 C.J.S. Master and Servant Sec. 9 (1948). Therefore, no additional consideration for the amendment was needed. Secondly, the plaintiffs and plaintiff-intervenors received the bonus renewal commission for every year prior to 1979. Having accepted the bonus renewal commissions after the amendment became effective, they cannot now complain that the amendment was not supported by sufficient consideration. Because the plaintiffs and plaintiff-intervenors have failed to offer sufficient evidence to rebut the defendant\u2019s showing that no genuine issue as to any material fact exists for trial, we hold that the motion for summary judgment in favor of the defendant was properly granted.\nAffirmed.\nJudges Arnold and Eagles concur.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "BRASWELL, Judge."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Powe, Porter and Alphin by Charles R. Holton, David E. Fox and Bryan E. Lessley for plaintiff appellants.",
      "Merriman, Nicholls, Crampton, Dombalis & Aldridge by W. Sidney Aldridge and Gregory B. Crampton; Broughton, Wilkins & Webb by J. Melville Broughton; and Robert B. Broughton, of Counsel for defendant appellee."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "R. E. FRAVER, J. RIVES MANNING, JR., J. C. FAUST, HUBERT HAMPTON MARTIN, WILLIAM A. PLEASANT, C. B. WEATHERLY, JR., JERRY HOLT, LEE WILLIAMS, JIMMY McELRATH, DWIGHT FRAVER, MIKE STEINER, DAVID MARION, JAMES K. WRIGHT, CHARLES T. MONTJOY, JR., WILLIAM A. DAVENPORT, JR., ALBERT L. HUDSON, MAX K. ROBERTS, TED BRIGHT, DON R. MATTHEWS, LLOYD EDWIN SCOTT, and BILLY RAY STALEY, PLAINTIFFS; WILLIAM S. KIRBY, HERBERT M. SPEAS, JR., ROBERT L. DOBBINS, LINDA G. HAMRICK, DENNIS L. RILEY, SR., CHARLES D. TODD, and EDWARD L. LOWDER, Intervenor-Plaintiffs; RON WORTHINGTON, DAVID BREEDEN, PEGGY HORNEY, HARRY HORNEY, and WALTER F. JOHNSON, Plaintiffs; ROBERT J. WOMBLE, Intervenor-Plaintiff v. NORTH CAROLINA FARM BUREAU MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY, A corporation, Defendant\nNo. 8314SC990\n(Filed 7 August 1984)\n1. Insurance \u00a7 2.6\u2014 agents\u2019 commission \u2014 method of figuring\nWhere plaintiffs contended that they were entitled to certain bonus renewal commissions for the year 1979 pursuant to their agent/agency manager agreements with defendant insurance company, but defendant claimed that, under the contracts, it was under no obligation to pay a bonus renewal commission when its loss ratio exceeded 63%, defendant met its burden of showing that no genuine issue of fact existed for trial since the company loss ratio as reflected in its annual statement to the N. C. Insurance Department in 1979 exceeded 63%, and pursuant to the Insurance Department accounting policies recoupments received by defendant through its participation in the N. C. Motor Vehicle Reinsurance Facility for 1979 could not be included in the loss ratio calculation to make it less than 63%.\n2. Contracts \u00a7 20.1\u2014 insurance agents\u2019 commissions \u2014 establishment of Reinsurance Facility \u2014 no frustration of performance\nIn a dispute between plaintiff agents and agency managers and defendant insurance company regarding bonus renewal commissions, plaintiffs could not successfully argue that the establishment of the N. C. Reinsurance Facility caused such a change of circumstances as to justify the application of the frustration of purpose doctrine, since the doctrine of frustration operates to excuse performance of a contract, not compel performance by the other party; and the doctrine does not apply if the parties have in their contract allocated the risk involved in the frustrating event.\n3. Contracts \u00a7 4.1\u2014 insurance agents\u2019 commissions \u2014 amendment of contract \u2014 sufficiency of consideration\nIn a dispute between plaintiff agents and agency managers and defendant insurance company regarding bonus renewal commissions, plaintiffs could not complain that a loss ratio precondition which was incorporated into many of their contracts by way of amendment was not supported by consideration, since the contracts in question were terminable at will by either party and could be modified at any time by either party with the continuance of the relationship serving as the consideration for the modification; moreover, plaintiffs received the bonus renewal commission every year prior to 1979 and could not thereafter complain that the amendment was not supported by sufficient consideration.\nAppeal by plaintiffs and intervenor-plaintiffs Fraver, et al, Kirby, et al, Worthington, et al, and Womble, et al, from McLelr land, Judge. Order entered 24 March 1983 in Superior Court, DURHAM County. Heard in the Court of Appeals 7 June 1984.\nPowe, Porter and Alphin by Charles R. Holton, David E. Fox and Bryan E. Lessley for plaintiff appellants.\nMerriman, Nicholls, Crampton, Dombalis & Aldridge by W. Sidney Aldridge and Gregory B. Crampton; Broughton, Wilkins & Webb by J. Melville Broughton; and Robert B. Broughton, of Counsel for defendant appellee."
  },
  "file_name": "0733-01",
  "first_page_order": 761,
  "last_page_order": 767
}
