{
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  "name": "STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA v. JAMES CHARLES HOLMAN",
  "name_abbreviation": "State v. Holman",
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  "casebody": {
    "judges": [
      "Judges JOHNSON and Orr concur."
    ],
    "parties": [
      "STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA v. JAMES CHARLES HOLMAN"
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "EAGLES, Judge.\nDefendant first argues the trial court erred by denying his motion for a mistrial because \u201ca statement made by a prospective juror during jury selection was highly prejudicial to [him] and resulted in substantial and irreparable harm to [his] case.\u201d In this case, a prospective juror stated that if someone did this (i.e., commit the offense of indecent liberties) to one of her children, \u201cthey would be trying [her] for murder.\u201d The prospective juror was immediately excused and the trial court instructed the remaining prospective jurors to disregard the statement. At the time of the incident, no evidence had been presented. Defendant\u2019s motion for mistrial was subsequently denied. Defendant contends each juror should have been polled to determine the effect of the statement.\nThe trial court\u2019s decision on a motion for mistrial is largely within the trial court\u2019s discretion and its ruling is not reviewable in the absence of abuse of discretion. State v. Loren, 302 N.C. 607, 612, 276 S.E. 2d 365, 368 (1981). The trial court had a duty to determine whether substantial or irreparable prejudice to defendant resulted from the prospective juror\u2019s statement. State v. Pollock, 50 N.C. App. 169, 273 S.E. 2d 501 (1980); G.S. 15A-1061. The trial court had the best opportunity to observe the effect of the statement, if any, on the members of the jury pool. We note that defendant did not request the right to examine the jurors. We cannot, say the trial court abused its discretion by not polling each juror. Defendant\u2019s argument is meritless.\nDefendant\u2019s second argument is that the trial court erred by failing to submit to the jury the offense of assault on a child under the age of 12 years. Defendant contends that assault on a child is a lesser included offense of taking indecent liberties with a child. We disagree.\n\u201cWhen a defendant is indicted for a criminal offense, he may be convicted of the charged offense or a lesser included offense when the greater offense charged in the bill of indictment contains all of the essential elements of the lesser, all of which could be proved by proof of the allegations in the indictment.\u201d State v. Banks, 295 N.C. 399, 415-16, 245 S.E. 2d 743, 754 (1978). G.S. 14-202.1 provides in pertinent part:\n(a) A person is guilty of taking indecent liberties with children if, being 16 years of age or more and at least five years older than the child in question, he either:\n(1) Willfully takes or attempts to take any immoral, improper, or indecent liberties with any child of either sex under the age of 16 years for the purpose of arousing or gratifying sexual desire; or\n(2) Willfully commits or attempts to commit any lewd or lascivious act upon or with the body or any part or member of the body of any child of either sex under the age of 16 years.\nOne is guilty of misdemeanor assault on a child if he \u201c[a]ssaults a child under the age of 12 years.\u201d G.S. 14-33(b)(3). This crime obviously has an essential element which is not also an essential element of taking indecent liberties with a child \u2014 that is, an assault.\nAn assault is defined as \u201can intentional offer or attempt by force or violence to do injury to the person of another.\u201d State v. Thompson, 27 N.C. App. 576, 577, 219 S.E. 2d 566, 568 (1975), cert. denied, 289 N.C. 141, 220 S.E. 2d 800 (1976). A broader definition of assault is a \u201cshow of violence causing a reasonable apprehension of immediate bodily harm.\u201d Id., citing State v. Allen, 245 N.C. 185, 95 S.E. 2d 526 (1986). Neither definition of assault constitutes an essential element of G.S. 14-202.1. No touching is required. State v. Turman, 52 N.C. App. 376, 278 S.E. 2d 574 (1981). A defendant does not have to be in close proximity to the victim. State v. Strickland, 77 N.C. App. 454, 335 S.E. 2d 74 (1985). Evidence of taking indecent liberties with children has been deemed sufficient when a defendant took photographs of a nude child, State v. Kistle, 59 N.C. App. 724, 297 S.E. 2d 626 (1982), cert. denied, 307 N.C. 471, 298 S.E. 2d 694 (1983), and when a defendant exposed himself to a victim, State v. Hicks, 79 N.C. App. 599, 339 S.E. 2d 806 (1986).\nClearly, assault is not an essential element of taking indecent liberties with a child. Since assault is an essential element of the crime of assault on a child under the age of 12 years, this offense cannot be a lesser included offense of taking indecent liberties with a child. Defendant\u2019s argument is without merit.\nWe hold defendant had a fair trial, free from prejudicial error.\nNo error.\nJudges JOHNSON and Orr concur.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "EAGLES, Judge."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Attorney General Thornburg, by Assistant Attorney General David M. Parker, for the State.",
      "Sherrie R. Hodges for defendant-appellant."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA v. JAMES CHARLES HOLMAN\nNo. 8923SC73\n(Filed 20 June 1989)\n1. Criminal Law \u00a7 101.1\u2014 statement by prospective juror\u2014 denial of mistrial \u2014 failure to poll jurors \u2014no error\nIn a prosecution for taking indecent liberties with a child, the trial court did not abuse its discretion in denying defendant\u2019s motion for a mistrial without polling each juror to determine the effect, if any, on each one from a statement by a prospective juror that if someone did this (commit the offense of indecent liberties) to one of her children, \u201cthey would be trying [her] for murder.\u201d\n2. Rape and Allied Offenses \u00a7 19\u2014 assault on child \u2014 no lesser offense of taking indecent liberties\nAssault on a child under the age of twelve years is not a lesser included offense of taking indecent liberties with a child, since assault is an essential element of the former,- but not the latter.\nAPPEAL by defendant from Briggs, Judge. Judgment entered 28 July 1988 in Superior Court, ASHE County. Heard in the Court of Appeals 12 June 1989.\nDefendant was charged in a proper bill of indictment with taking indecent liberties with a child in violation of G.S. 14-202.1. He was found guilty as charged and sentenced to five years in prison. Defendant appeals.\nAttorney General Thornburg, by Assistant Attorney General David M. Parker, for the State.\nSherrie R. Hodges for defendant-appellant."
  },
  "file_name": "0361-01",
  "first_page_order": 391,
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