{
  "id": 8520567,
  "name": "TOWN OF SWANSBORO v. GUYON ODUM and wife, SHIRLEY ODUM",
  "name_abbreviation": "Town of Swansboro v. Odum",
  "decision_date": "1989-10-17",
  "docket_number": "No. 894SC89",
  "first_page": "115",
  "last_page": "118",
  "citations": [
    {
      "type": "official",
      "cite": "96 N.C. App. 115"
    }
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  "court": {
    "name_abbreviation": "N.C. Ct. App.",
    "id": 14983,
    "name": "North Carolina Court of Appeals"
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  "jurisdiction": {
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    "name_long": "North Carolina",
    "name": "N.C."
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    {
      "cite": "236 S.E.2d 283",
      "category": "reporters:state_regional",
      "reporter": "S.E.2d",
      "year": 1977,
      "opinion_index": 0
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    {
      "cite": "33 N.C. App. 544",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "N.C. App.",
      "case_ids": [
        8550851
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      "year": 1977,
      "opinion_index": 0,
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        "/nc-app/33/0544-01"
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    {
      "cite": "178 S.E.2d 352",
      "category": "reporters:state_regional",
      "reporter": "S.E.2d",
      "year": 1971,
      "opinion_index": 0
    },
    {
      "cite": "277 N.C. 506",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "N.C.",
      "case_ids": [
        8566665
      ],
      "year": 1971,
      "opinion_index": 0,
      "case_paths": [
        "/nc/277/0506-01"
      ]
    }
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  "analysis": {
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T18:28:35.242103+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
  },
  "casebody": {
    "judges": [
      "Judges Phillips and Parker concur."
    ],
    "parties": [
      "TOWN OF SWANSBORO v. GUYON ODUM and wife, SHIRLEY ODUM"
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "WELLS, Judge.\nWe note at the outset that plaintiffs first argument is directed in its entirety to matters that were not properly preserved and brought forward under N.C. R. App. P., Rule 10(a). Therefore, we do not consider it. We further note that plaintiff failed to discuss its fifth assignment of error in the brief. We thus deem it abandoned. N.C. R. App. P., Rule 28(a). Plaintiff consolidates its remaining assignments of error into a single argument challenging the court\u2019s determination that the zoning ordinance in issue was void in that plaintiff failed to comply with statutory requirements.\nA city has no power to zone except as conferred by statute. Heaton v. City of Charlotte, 277 N.C. 506, 178 S.E.2d 352 (1971). N.C. Gen. Stat. \u00a7 160A-360(a) (1987) permits a city to exercise zoning jurisdiction \u201cwithin a defined area extending not more than one mile beyond its limits.\u201d (Emphasis added.) Before exercising such jurisdiction, however, the City must hold a public hearing, notice of which must be published in a newspaper of general circulation \u201conce a week for two successive calendar weeks[.]\u201d N.C. Gen. Stat. \u00a7 160A-364. (Emphasis added.) Such notice \u201cmust fairly and sufficiently apprise those whose rights may be affected of the nature and character of the action proposed.\u201d Sellers v. City of Asheville, 33 N.C. App. 544, 236 S.E.2d 283 (1977). Moreover, a detailed delineation of the boundaries specified in an ordinance adopted under the statute, set forth in the form of a map, written description, or combination thereof, \u201cshall be recorded in the office of the register of deeds of each county in which any portion of the [affected] area lies.\u201d N.C. Gen. Stat. \u00a7 160A-360(b).\nPlaintiff did not satisfy these requirements. Its notice of the 27 January 1983 public hearing failed to apprise defendants \u2014 or any other property owners within the affected area \u2014 of the nature and character of the proposed actions, failed to describe in any way the area in question, and failed to comport with the clear requirements of G.S. \u00a7 160A-364 in that it was not published in two successive calendar weeks. Furthermore, plaintiff\u2019s ordinance was adopted in a proceeding held over eight months subsequent to its initial hearing, and without either further public hearing or notice. Finally, plaintiff never recorded a boundary description as required by G.S. \u00a7 160A-360(b). We thus conclude that the court below correctly ruled plaintiff\u2019s ordinance void and ineffective as against defendants. The judgment is therefore\nAffirmed.\nJudges Phillips and Parker concur.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "WELLS, Judge."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Joseph E. Stroud, Jr. for plaintiff-appellant.",
      "Richard L. Stanley for defendants-appellees."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "TOWN OF SWANSBORO v. GUYON ODUM and wife, SHIRLEY ODUM\nNo. 894SC89\n(Filed 17 October 1989)\nMunicipal Corporations \u00a7 30.2 (NCI3d) \u2014 extraterritorial zoning ordinance-failure of town to follow statutory requirements\nThe trial court correctly ruled that plaintiff\u2019s extraterritorial zoning ordinance was void and ineffective as against defendants when plaintiff failed to comply with statutory requirements in that its notice of a public hearing failed to apprise defendants or any other property owners within the affected area of the nature and character of the proposed actions, failed to describe in any way the area in question, and failed to comport with the clear requirements of N.C.G.S. \u00a7 160A-364 in that it was not published in two successive calendar weeks; plaintiff\u2019s ordinance was adopted in a proceeding held over eight months subsequent to its initial hearing and without either further public hearing or notice; and plaintiff never recorded a boundary description as required by N.C.G.S. \u00a7 160A-360(b).\nAm Jur 2d, Zoning and Planning \u00a7\u00a7 49-59.\nAPPEAL by plaintiff from Reid, David E., Jr., Judge. Judgment entered 6 September 1988 in ONSLOW County Superior Court. Heard in the Court of Appeals 12 September 1989.\nPlaintiff filed suit on 5 December 1986 alleging inter alia that defendants\u2019 real property was located within the zoning jurisdiction of plaintiff pursuant to an ordinance adopted on 20 September 1985, and that subsequent to its enactment, defendants placed a mobile home on their property in violation thereof. The relief sought was an order to require defendants to remove their mobile home. Defendants answered, admitting ownership of both the realty and mobile home, but by their second defense challenged the validity of plaintiff\u2019s zoning ordinance.\nIn the nonjury proceeding in the superior court, the evidence adduced tended to establish that defendants\u2019 property was located outside the corporate limits of the Town of Swansboro. At the time defendants first acquired this property, 21 November 1982, plaintiff had adopted a comprehensive zoning ordinance which covered only property situated within town limits. In January 1983, plaintiff attempted for the first time to exercise zoning jurisdiction for areas outside its corporate limits, and published the following notice in the Jacksonville Daily Newspaper on 15 January 1983:\nPublic Hearing Notice\nThe Swansboro Town Board of Commissioners will hold a public hearing on January 27, 1982 [sic] at 7 o\u2019clock p.m. at the Swansboro Town Hall. The purpose of the public hearing shall be to answer questions and receive input as to extra-territorial jurisdiction as authorized by G.S. 160A-360.\nPatti Sue Chandler Town Clerk\nJan. 15, 25, 1983.\nThis notice was published again on 25 January 1983. No action, however, was taken on this matter at the 27 January public hearing. Minutes of meetings for 7 and 21 April 1983 reflected plaintiffs decision to submit the issue of asserting zoning jurisdiction beyond town limits to a public referendum. No such referendum was ever held.\nOn 8 September 1983, without holding any further public hearings and without publishing any additional notices regarding the extension of zoning beyond town limits, plaintiff adopted its extraterritorial zoning ordinance prohibiting mobile homes in residential areas within a one-mile zone outside the town limits. This ordinance was incorporated into a resolution adopted by plaintiff on 20 September 1985, under which the present suit was brought. Neither the ordinance nor any map or written description delineating the boundaries of extraterritorial jurisdiction and the property covered thereby was ever recorded by the Onslow County Register of Deeds.\nThe court determined that plaintiff failed to follow the statutory requirements of N.C. Gen. Stat. \u00a7\u00a7 160A-360, 364 pertaining to zoning beyond town limits, and thus ruled plaintiff\u2019s ordinance void and ineffective as against defendants. From the judgment denying the relief sought, plaintiff appeals.\nJoseph E. Stroud, Jr. for plaintiff-appellant.\nRichard L. Stanley for defendants-appellees."
  },
  "file_name": "0115-01",
  "first_page_order": 147,
  "last_page_order": 150
}