{
  "id": 8657264,
  "name": "HENRY PARKER v. NORFOLK & CAROLINA RAILROAD CO.",
  "name_abbreviation": "Parker v. Norfolk & Carolina Railroad",
  "decision_date": "1898-11-01",
  "docket_number": "",
  "first_page": "71",
  "last_page": "73",
  "citations": [
    {
      "type": "official",
      "cite": "123 N.C. 71"
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  "court": {
    "name_abbreviation": "N.C.",
    "id": 9292,
    "name": "Supreme Court of North Carolina"
  },
  "jurisdiction": {
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    "name_long": "North Carolina",
    "name": "N.C."
  },
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    {
      "cite": "30 N. C., 190",
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        8687980
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    {
      "cite": "110 N. C., 438",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "N.C.",
      "case_ids": [
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      "weight": 2,
      "opinion_index": 0,
      "case_paths": [
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    {
      "cite": "120 N. C., 134",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "N.C.",
      "case_ids": [
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      "case_paths": [
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T16:57:12.442116+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
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  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "HENRY PARKER v. NORFOLK & CAROLINA RAILROAD CO."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Fairoloth, C. J.:\nThe jury by their verdict find that the defendant, in constructing its road, wrongfully damaged the plaintiff\u2019s land by diverting the waters of Long Pond and Plat Pocosin, upon said land, without providing an adequate outlet for said waters.\nThis case to some extent involves the right of the upper and lower tenants in draining land under common law principles. That question was settled in Mizell v. McGowan, 120 N. C., 134, in which it was held that the dominant tenants had the right to carry-off his surface water by cutting ditches, by which the flow of water, naturally flowing therein, is increased and accelerated, and discharged on the land of the ser-vient tenant, and that this subserviency is one of the natural incidents to the ownership of land. The question of diverting water was not then before the Court.\nIt has been previously held that neither a railroad nor an individual could divert water from its natural course and throw it upon abutting lower lands and cause damage. Jenkins v. Railroad, 110 N. C., 438. It may now he stated that the -upper holder may increase and accelerate the flow of the water in its natural course, but cannot divert other waters to the damage of the lower lands. Carter v. Page, 30 N. C., 190.\nThe purchase of the right of way by the defendant company could not confer any more privilege than a private individual purchasing the land would have. Jenkins v. Railroad, supra.\nThere was conflicting evidence as to damages, and whatever we might think as a jury, we as the Court have no control over it.\nAffirmed.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Fairoloth, C. J.:"
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Mr. George Cowper, for defendant (appellant).",
      "Mr. Francis D. Winston, for plaintiff."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "HENRY PARKER v. NORFOLK & CAROLINA RAILROAD CO.\n(Decided November 1, 1898.)\nDrainage \u2014 Damage by Overflow.\n1. Neither a railroad nor an individual can divert water from its natural course and throw it upon abutting lower lands and cause damage.\n'2. The upper holder may increase and accelerate the flow of the water in its natural course, but cannot divert other waters to the damage of the lower lands.\nCivil action tried before Brown, J., and a jury at Spring Term, 1898, of Superior Court of Bertie County.\nThe complaint was that the' defendant, when it constructed its road-hed across Long Pond pocosin and Flat pocosin, wrongfully and negligently diverted some part of the waters of those pocosins from their natural course and drainway, and turned them into Wartom Swamp and overflowed and permanently damaged plaintiff\u2019s land. An additional complaint was, that one branch from the Flat pocosin drained into Wartom Swamp some distance below his land, and that this water has been diverted and made to enter Wartom Swamp above his land \u2014 and that this additional has overtaxed the drainage capacity of Wartom Swamp and caused it constantly to overflow plaintiff\u2019s laird. These complaints are specifically denied by the defendant, who contends that the railroad, instead of injuring the plaintiff\u2019s land, has benefitted it, as its embankment keeps hack waters naturally flowing over plaintiff\u2019s lands.\nThe evidence was conflicting.\nHis Honor charged the jury: It is the duty of the defendant company to provide an adequate outlet for all the water it diverts from the natural drain or outlet in which such water has been accustomed to flow before such diversion; and if it has failed to do so, it would be liable for such damage as is occasioned to a land-owner over whose lands the water is turned.\nDefendant excepted.\nThere was verdict and judgment for plaintiff and defendant appealed.\nMr. George Cowper, for defendant (appellant).\nMr. Francis D. Winston, for plaintiff."
  },
  "file_name": "0071-01",
  "first_page_order": 97,
  "last_page_order": 99
}