{
  "id": 8659942,
  "name": "WISE v. LEONHARDT",
  "name_abbreviation": "Wise v. Leonhardt",
  "decision_date": "1901-05-23",
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  "first_page": "289",
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    "name": "Supreme Court of North Carolina"
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T15:44:14.013877+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
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  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "WISE v. LEONHARDT."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "Montgomery, J.\nThe construction of a clause in the will of Joseph Leonhardt is the matter before the Court. The item is as follows: \u201cI give and devise to my son Lawrence\u2019s children the half of the tract of land where he now lives, to be divided equally among them after the death of my son Lawrence, to have and to- hold to them and their heirs in fee-simple forever.\u201d\nAt the death of the testator, his Son Lawrence had three children, and afterwards \u2014 more than ten months after the death of the testator and in the lifetime of Lawrence \u2014 eight other children were born to him. The defendant\u2019s contention is that, as a time in the future, the death of Lawrence is fixed for the partition of the estate among the devisees, all of the children of Lawrence and the heirs of such as had died, and who were living at the death of Lawrence, were entitled to a share in the estate.\nThe general rule is conceded to be that where there is a devise or bequest to individuals, or to a class, those who answer the description at the testator\u2019s death will take, if there be nothing in the will to indicate a different intention on the part of the testator. But it is insisted also by the defendants that the postponing of the partition of the land until the death of Lawrence, the fattier of the devisees, makes applicable another rule, not inconsistent with the general one, viz: That as the Courts desire to extend the benefits of a will to as many individuals falling within a class, in cases of devises and legacies, as possible, where a future period beyond the death of the testator is fixed for the division of the property, the Courts will adopt such future period for ascertaining the beneficiaries, and will include all who fall within the designated class at the latest possible period for determining who compose the class. The principle does not apply to real estate unless there be an intermediate estate, for life or years, intervening between the death of the testator and the time in the future when the devisees in remainder come into the possession of their vested remainders. It applies in cases of bequests of personal property where tbe possession of tbe same is to be held by trustees or executors to be delivered to the legatees at a future period. 2 Jarman on Wills, 704; Irvin v. Clark, 98 N. C., 437; Carroll v. Hancock, 48 N. C., 471; Sanderlin v. Deford, 47 N. C., 74; Meares v. Meares, 26 N. C., 192; Fleetwood v. Fleetwood, 17 N. C., 222; Vanhook v. Vanhook, 21 N. C., 589.\nBut in the present case the title to and right of possession in and to the land devised passed to the devisees, as a class, immediately and directly upon the death of the testator. Lawrence, the son of the testator, took no interest under the will. At the death of the testator the title devolved upon Lawrence\u2019s children, and their right of possession was immediate. The title to the land could not be in the clouds; it did not vest in Lawrence because he took nothing under the will; it had, by force of law, to vest in his children as a class, the devisees named in the will. The call for those who took as a class under the will was made at the death of the testator, and the children of Lawrence who were living at the death of the testator alone could answer the description. The owners of the land had to be ascertained at the time of the death of the testator, which would not have been a requisite if there had been an intermediate particular estate, because, in the last instance, there would have been no necessity for ascertaining the owners of the land until the time mentioned in the will for its partition. Hawkins v. Everitt, 58 N. C., 42; Carroll v. Hancock, supra; Knight v. Knight, 56 N. C., 167.\nThe children of Lawrence who were living at the death of the testator, therefore, alone were entitled to the land devised.\nIt seems that the plaintiffs claim that there were four children of Lawrence living at the time of the death of the testator \u2014 Mrs. Wise, Jacob, Cameron and Julius. On the trial the only witnesses who were examined as t'o the matter of the time of the birth of Julius, testified that they did not know whether he was bom before or after the death of the testator. And further, the plaintiffs claimed in their complaint that Jacob, who had gone to Texas to live, had not been heard from in fifteen years, and they alleged that on that account there was a presumption of law that he was dead. Under the view his Honor took of the ease, it was not necessary in the trial below to have the date of Julius\u2019 death fixed. But error having been adjudged by this Court in the judgment of the Court below, it will become necessary to have the date of the death of Julius determined in the next trial. If he was born after the death of the testator, he takes nothing under the will of Joseph Leonhardt, but if he was born before the testator died, and died himself after the death of the testator, his share in the estate descended to all the children of Lawrence and the representatives of such as were dead as his heirs-at-law. There must have been no contention on the trial that Jacob was dead, for his Honor in the judgment gave him a share of the estate.\nError.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "Montgomery, J."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "A. L. Quichel, and L. C. Holland, for the plaintiffs.",
      "D. W. Robinson, and C. E. Childs, for the defendants."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "WISE v. LEONHARDT.\n(Filed May 23, 1901.)\n1. WILLS \u2014 Beneficiaries\u2014Construction.\nA devise of real property to the grandchildren of testator, to he divided at death of father of children, entitles only such as were living at death of testator.\n2. WILLS \u2014 Construction\u2014Beneficiaries.\nWhere a testator devises real property to children of his son, to he divided after death of such'son, only those children who were horn at the time of the testator\u2019s death were entitled to take under the will, the title to the-devisees passing immediately on death of testator.\nActioN by Sally Wise and others against D. P. Leonhardt and others, heard bv Judge E. W. Timberlahe, at December (Special) Term, 1900, of Superior Court of Lincoln County. From a judgment for the defendants, the plaintiffs appealed.\nA. L. Quichel, and L. C. Holland, for the plaintiffs.\nD. W. Robinson, and C. E. Childs, for the defendants."
  },
  "file_name": "0289-01",
  "first_page_order": 325,
  "last_page_order": 328
}