{
  "id": 8660893,
  "name": "BOTTOMS v. RAILROAD",
  "name_abbreviation": "Bottoms v. Railroad",
  "decision_date": "1904-09-13",
  "docket_number": "",
  "first_page": "472",
  "last_page": "474",
  "citations": [
    {
      "type": "official",
      "cite": "136 N.C. 472"
    }
  ],
  "court": {
    "name_abbreviation": "N.C.",
    "id": 9292,
    "name": "Supreme Court of North Carolina"
  },
  "jurisdiction": {
    "id": 5,
    "name_long": "North Carolina",
    "name": "N.C."
  },
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    {
      "cite": "89 N. C., 326",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "N.C.",
      "opinion_index": 0
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    {
      "cite": "135 N. C., 290",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "N.C.",
      "opinion_index": 0
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    {
      "cite": "131 N. C., 262",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "N.C.",
      "opinion_index": 0
    },
    {
      "cite": "126 N. C., 364",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "N.C.",
      "opinion_index": 0
    },
    {
      "cite": "70 Am. St. Rep., 580",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Am. St. Rep.",
      "opinion_index": 0
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      "cite": "44 L. R. A., 313",
      "category": "reporters:federal",
      "reporter": "L.R.A.",
      "opinion_index": 0
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    {
      "cite": "124 N. C., 191",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "N.C.",
      "opinion_index": 0
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    {
      "cite": "65 Am. St. Rep., 734",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "Am. St. Rep.",
      "opinion_index": 0
    },
    {
      "cite": "41 L. R. A., 399",
      "category": "reporters:federal",
      "reporter": "L.R.A.",
      "opinion_index": 0
    },
    {
      "cite": "122 N. C., 979",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "N.C.",
      "opinion_index": 0
    },
    {
      "cite": "120 N. C., 557",
      "category": "reporters:state",
      "reporter": "N.C.",
      "case_ids": [
        8659495
      ],
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      "case_paths": [
        "/nc/120/0557-01"
      ]
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  "last_updated": "2023-07-14T20:53:15.809157+00:00",
  "provenance": {
    "date_added": "2019-08-29",
    "source": "Harvard",
    "batch": "2018"
  },
  "casebody": {
    "judges": [],
    "parties": [
      "BOTTOMS v. RAILROAD."
    ],
    "opinions": [
      {
        "text": "ClaeK, C. <7.\nIn this action for damages for destruction of the plaintiff\u2019s store alleged to have been set on fire by sparks from the defendant\u2019s engine, the Court charged the jury that it was \u201cthe duty of railroad companies to equip their' engines with the best approved devices and appliances for arresting sparks,\u201d * * * and that failure to do so was negligence, making the defendant liable for damages if the jury should find that the plaintiff\u2019s house was set on fire by sparks from the defendant\u2019s engine. The defendant excepted.\nThere is error. In Witsell v. Railroad, 120 N. C., 557, this Court said that it was not negligence to fail to adopt improved appliances merely because they are \u201cknown\u201d and \u201capproved\u201d; that railroads were not to be held to so strict a rule that they must keep \u00e1 lookout for improvements and inventions and buy all such as were approved, and held the correct rule to be thus: \u201cIt is negligence not to adopt and use all approved appliances which are in general use.\u201d It added that to require the purchase of approved appliances before they had come into general use would be simply to hold that every railroad must have \u201cthe latest and best,\u201d which would be an unreasonable burden. This ruling has been uniformly followed since. In Greenlee v. Railroad, 122 N. C., 979, 41 L. R. A., 399, 65 Am. St. Rep., 734, and Troxler v. Railroad, 124 N. C., 191, 44 L. R. A., 313, 70 Am. St. Rep., 580, the Court cites with approval from Witsell v. Railroad, supra, that it was \u201cnot negligence to fail to provide the latest improved appliances\u201d and that \u201ca railroad company is liable for any injury caused by failure to use approved appliances in general use.\u201d The same language is again quoted and approved in Lloyd v. Hanes 126 N. C., 364; Dorsett v. Mfg. Co., 131 N. C., 262, and other cases, and repeated as recently as Marks v. Cotton Mills, 135 N. C., 290. The rule laid down in Aycock v. Railroad, 89 N. C., 326, is \u201cusual and proper appliances\u201d to prevent injury by escaping sparks. This is. about the same ruling as in Witsell v. Railroad, in somewhat different language.\nThe learned counsel for the plaintiff contends that the defendant\u2019s witness testified that the engine had the best approved spark-arrester and no witness testified to the contrary, hence as the charge must be read in connection with the evidence, the error being as to a matter not in controversy, was harmless, and that the real point in this part of the charge was as to the continued keeping of the spark-arrester in good condition \u2014 as to which the Court charged correctly\u2014 and not as to the nature of the spark-arrester, which was not denied to be the \u201cbest approved.\u201d But Mr. Allen of counsel for the defendant pointed out that while no witness directly testified to the contrary, it was not admitted that it was a proper spark-arrester, the plaintiff\u2019s evidence of a shower of large sparks coming from the engine, if believed, tended to question the defendant\u2019s evidence of the spark-arrester being the \u201cbest approved\u201d pattern, fully as much as it tended to controvert the evidence of its being kept in order.\nError.",
        "type": "majority",
        "author": "ClaeK, C. <7."
      }
    ],
    "attorneys": [
      "Peebles & Harris and Gay & Midyelte, for the plaintiff.",
      "T. W. Mason, Day & Bell and Murray Allen, for the defendant."
    ],
    "corrections": "",
    "head_matter": "BOTTOMS v. RAILROAD.\n(Filed September 13, 1904).\nRAILROADS \u2014 Negligence.\nAn instruction that a railroad company must equip its engines with the best approved devices and appliances and that the failure to do so is evidence of negligence, is erroneous.\nActioN by J. D. Bottoms against the Seaboard Air Line Railroad Company, heard by Judge C. M. Cooke and a jury, at November Term, 1903, of the Superior Court of NORTHAMPTON County. From a judgment for the plaintiff the defendant appealed.\nPeebles & Harris and Gay & Midyelte, for the plaintiff.\nT. W. Mason, Day & Bell and Murray Allen, for the defendant."
  },
  "file_name": "0472-01",
  "first_page_order": 512,
  "last_page_order": 514
}