#### Wyriott Ormond v. Ivey Gibbs.

Where a testatrix gave specific legacies to her sons W. D. and S, and at-ter directing the residue to bo divided between them, proceeded : “ but m caso either my sons, D. or S. die, leaving no lawful issue then living, then my son W. and the surviving one to have his part of all that is willed to him, and in case they should both die leaving no lawful issue then living, then my son W. to have the whole of what I 'have willed unto each of them,” and S. died leaving issue, and then D died without. It rjas held, 1st. That the specific legacy given him as well as his share of the residue was subject to the limitation over, and 2d. That W. alone succeeded, as their was no limitation in favor of the issue of ¡S.

This was an action of Detinue for several slaves, ami the only question being upon the construction of the will of one Manj Jordan — the following caso agreed was submitted to Donnexx Judge, at Hyde, on the Spring circuit of 1833.

The will was as follows :

£,1 will unto my son Wyriolt Ormond, Willis, Violet, “and Sam, to him and his heirs forever.”

“ I will unto my son Daniel W. Martin, Reuben, Nell, “ Vester, Nice, Sylvia and Charity, with all the increase “of Nett, two feather beds, and two hundred dollars to “ him, and his heirs forever.

“1 will unto my son SethB. Jordan, Solomon, Andrew, Edy, and Sukey, two feather beds, to him and his heirs forever.”

“The remaining part of my estate not willed away, “I will unto my three sons Wyriolt Ormond, JJaniel W. Martin, and Seth B. Jordan, but in case either of my “sons D. TV. Martin, or S. 3. Jordan die, leaving no “ lawful issue then living, then my son Wyriolt Ormond, “and the surviving one to have bis part of all that is *505 a willed to him, and in case they should both die, leav“ing no lawful issue then living, then my son Wyriott “ Ormond to have the whole of what 1 have willed unto « each 0f them.”

Seth B. Jordan died leaving issue, and afterwards Daniel W. Martin without issue. The slaves demanded are those which were given to him by the will of Mary Jordan above set forth.

If under these facts the plaintiff was solely entitled to the slaves, judgment was to be entered for him. If he and the children of Seth.B. Jordan -were entitled to them jointly, then judgment was to be entered for them, in another action, in which they were joint plaintiffs, but if the slaves vested in the plaintiff, and thepersonal representatives of Seth B. Jordan, then in both actions judgment of nonsuit was to be entered.

His Honor being of opinion that the plaintiff was exclusively entitled, gave judgment accordingly, and the defendant appealed.

No Counsel appeared for the defendant.

Bevereux for the plaintiff.

Bueein, Chief Justice.

We approve of the construction put upon this will by the Judge who tried the cause. The expression, “his part,” embraces perhaps literally by reason of the words added “of all that is willed to him,” the whole property bequeathed to the legatees respectively, in the former part of the will, as well as that given in the residuary clause. But certainly upon a reasonable intendment, all is embraced. There is a limitation over upon certain events. It was much more likely that this was meant of the specific and valuable chattels bequeathed, than of the residue merely, which may have consisted, and probably did, of but few articles, and those of so little value, and so perishable as not to be worth preserving in the family. The case of Doe ex dem Gibson v Gale, (9 Eng. C. L. R. 218,) is not so strong as this, and shows this to be the proper signification. ,

Upon the other point we do not think, that the words *506are to be construed as creating a condition precedent to be strictly and literally complied with, before the remainder can vest, or rather the second estate arise.— The absolute property is given in the first place, and then in certain events limited over, by way of executory disposition, which we must suppose the testatrix intended to take effect, as far-as it could, whenever the first estate cither in the whole or a part of the property should fail. It is plain this was the actual intention, for the present plaintiff is the favorite throughout. His legacy is absolute, and not to go over to any person in any event, and he is to succeed upon the death of one of his half brothers, without leaving descendants, to his share with the survivor, and upon the death of both under like circumstances, to the whole. It seems clear then, that whenever one of them should die, not leaving issue, his share was to survive at all events, and the only question is to whom. The answer is Wyrioit, and the other brother, if the latter then “survived,” but if he was not a survivor then Wyriott alone. This follows necessarily Crom-these two circumstances : that it was the positive purpose, evidently, to limit over the estates of all the sons except Wyriott, upon their respective deaths without issue, though the persons to take in those events depended to a. certain extent on a contingency, and the survivorship of Wyriott forms ,no part of that contingency. His interest is to vest at all events, whether he be dead: or alive, when one or both of the brothers die. As to him the only contingency is, that the first taker should be dead not leaving issue; as to each of the others there was a farther contingency, that he must be living, when the one whose share went over died. The inability of Jordan or Martin to succeed to ¡my part, can. not also exclude Wyriott, because upon the death of both of the others, the whole was to belong to him or to his representatives, and therefore he takes whatever in the event, neither of the others could take. The real qnestion is, whether the limitation over is absolute, and upon the single contingency of the first taker leaving no issue at his death, upon which it would seem there cannot he two' *507opinions. That being established, the rest follows of course. There is no disposition in favor of the issue of one dying before, and therefore they cannot take — nor can his executor, because there never was any thing in him to be transmitted to the executor. The exclusion of Wyriott from any part, is only in favor of the surviving brother, and there being none such, he takes the whole.

Per Curiam. — Judgment .abetrmed.